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yndoendo 4 hours ago

US actually provided child care to mothers employed during WWII. [0]

Richard Nixon vetoed the bill that would have expanded it out to all families. [1]

Funny how we keep forgetting the past and reject what benefited us as a whole with a moved to pure individualism built around selfishness. AKA The rich keep getting richer.

[0] https://www.wwiimemorialfriends.org/blog/the-lanham-act-and-...

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comprehensive_Child_Developmen...

czhu12 3 hours ago | parent | next [-]

For what its worth, the Economist recently wrote about how universal child care can harm children, citing a study from Quebec.

> The trio published their first study in 2005, and the results were damning. Shifting to universal child care appeared to lead to a rise in aggression, anxiety and hyperactivity among Quebecer children, as well as a fall in motor and social skills. The effects were large: anxiety rates doubled; roughly a third more kids were reported to be hyperactive. Indeed, the difference in hyperactivity rates was larger than is typically reported between boys and girls.

They basically make the case that childcare is extremely difficult and requires a lot of attentive care, which is hard to scale up in a universal way.

[1] https://archive.is/ScFRX

ninalanyon 2 hours ago | parent | next [-]

In Norway every child has a right to a barnehage place (kindergarten). It's not free unless you are poor but it is very affordable at a maximum of about 3 000 NOK per month, about 300 USD, for five full days a week.

Children in barnehage learn to be social and cooperative, resilient and adaptable. They play outside in all weathers, learn to put on and take off their outer clothes, to set tables, help each other and the staff. They certainly do not fail to gain motor skills. It's not just child care and every barnehage has to be led by someone with a qualification in early childhood education although no formal class based instruction takes place.

So what exactly is New Mexico proposing to provide and what did Quebec provide?

worik an hour ago | parent [-]

> So what exactly is New Mexico proposing to provide and what did Quebec provide?

I do not know specifically. But I surmise, culture.

The things we value, culturally, make themselves apparent

jonplackett 18 minutes ago | parent | prev | next [-]

The problem is that the word ‘childcare’ can mean anything from a one on one nanny looking after a child to an after school club where it’s just one adult and the kids just do whatever they want with no guidance at all.

You can’t really compare them without a better definition.

nineplay an hour ago | parent | prev | next [-]

FTA

> Think of the Perry and Quebec experiments—two of the most widely cited in the early-education literature—as poles at either end of a spectrum

Even The Economist acknowledges that its a single study in a single province which runs contradictory to other studies. That they turn that into headline article says more about The Economist and readers of The Economist than it does about universal child care.

insane_dreamer 19 minutes ago | parent | prev | next [-]

> the Economist recently wrote about how universal child care can harm children

I expect nothing less from the Economist, of course.

If you read more closely, the issue wasn't that universal child care is bad, but how it's implemented is important (of course). Not to mention that a host of other factors could be contributing to the study's findings. For example, it could be that mothers spending less time with their children is detrimental to their development. Few people would argue with that. But let's examine why mothers are working full-time in the first place -- largely it's because families can no longer be sustained on a single income. And _that_ is more likely the root of the problem than "universal childcare".

watwut an hour ago | parent | prev | next [-]

I take the fact that child care is not some kind of super new thing and exists in well run countries without their kids being behind, worst behaved or more aggressive then American kids.

zdragnar an hour ago | parent [-]

You may be surprised to learn that Quebec is not in America.

jjk166 an hour ago | parent [-]

America is the place without universal childcare being used as a control here.

legolas2412 19 minutes ago | parent | next [-]

I am reading the article and it looks like it is being compared to the elder cohorts of Qubec children and also rest of Canada.

Looks like Quebec's past and rest of Canada is the control.

jjk166 10 minutes ago | parent [-]

I'm referring to the comment you responded to comparing america to various countries that offer free childcare.

42 minutes ago | parent | prev [-]
[deleted]
outside1234 3 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

This is probably because they are actually measuring hyperactivity when there is universal care versus 40% of it going unmeasured.

eesmith an hour ago | parent | next [-]

Even if you assume the statistics for hyperactivity are correct, how did the researchers decide which statistics were relevant?

In any case, the original 2008 publication is at https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w11832/w118... . That's long enough ago that we can read how academics interpret the study.

For example, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S088520062... attributes the problems to the increased used of lower-quality for-profit and unlicensed providers:

"To address the growing demand for ECEC spaces as the cost of care went down, the province saw an expansion of both for-profit and unlicensed home care providers. Data from the aforementioned longitudinal study indicated that 35 % of center-based settings and 29 % of home-based settings were rated as “good” or better quality, compared to only 14 % of for-profit centers and 10 % of unlicensed home care providers. Furthermore, for-profit and unlicensed home care settings were more likely to be rated as “inadequate” than their licensed counterparts (Japel et al., 2005; Japel, 2012; Bigras et al., 2010). At the same time, Quebec experienced a decline across various child health, developmental, and behavioral outcomes, including heightened hyperactivity, inattention, and physical aggression, along with reduced motor and social development (Baker et al., 2008; Kottelenberg & Lehrer, 2013). These findings underscore the challenges of maintaining high standards in the context of expansion associated with rapid reduction in the cost of ECEC."

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/19345747.2023.21... also affirms the importance of quality

"Meta-analyses have, quite consistently, shown targeted preschool programs—for 3 to 4-year-old children—to be effective in promoting preschool cognitive skills in the short run, with effect sizes averaging around 20–30% of a standard deviation (Camilli et al., 2010; Duncan & Magnuson, 2013). There is also some meta-analytic evidence of persistent effects throughout adolescence and early adulthood on outcomes such as grade retention and special education placement (McCoy et al., 2017). The same is true for universal preschool programs in cases where structural quality is high (i.e., high teacher: child ratios, educational requirements for teachers), with effects evident primarily among children from families with lower income and/or parental education (van Huizen & Plantenga, 2018).

There are, however, notable exceptions. Most prominent are quasi-experimental studies of Quebec’s scale-up of universal ECEC subsidies (Baker et al., 2008; Baker et al., 2019; Kottelenberg & Lehrer, 2017), covering children aged 0–4. These studies found mixed short- and long-term effects on cognitive- and academic outcomes (for example, negative effects of about 20% of a standard deviation of program exposure on a Canadian national test in math and reading for ages 13 and 16, yet with positive effects of about 10–30% for PISA math and reading scores; Baker et al., 2019). Consistent with effects of universal ECEC being conditional on quality ..."

The van Huizen & Plantenga citation at https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S02727... has bullet points "The results show that ECEC quality matters critically.", "The evidence does not indicate that effects are fading out in the long run." and "The gains of ECEC are concentrated within children from lower SES families." In more detail it also cites Baker et al 2008, with:

"In fact, the research estimating the causal effects of universal programs is far from conclusive: some studies find that participation in ECEC improves child development (Drange and Havnes, 2015, Gormley, Gayer, Phillips and Dawson, 2005), while others show that ECEC has no significant impact (Blanden, Del Bono, Hansen and Rabe, 2017, Fitzpatrick, 2008) or may produce adverse effects on children's outcomes (Baker, Gruber and Milligan, 2008, Baker, Gruber and Milligan, 2015). As societal returns depend critically on the effects on children's outcomes (e.g. van Huizen, Dumhs, & Plantenga, 2018), universal child care and preschool expansions may in some cases be considered as a promising but in other cases as a costly and ineffective policy strategy."

reliabilityguy 3 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

I suspect that if the sample pre universal care was big enough, then the measurement of 40% is still good.

vlovich123 2 hours ago | parent [-]

Not if the samples are skewed. For example, the people who get the care are from stable environments with financial means. After universal childcare is implemented, we start measuring these things in the broader population that has fewer access to resources generally.

beowulfey 3 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

It's not an intractable issue. It's just a matter of economics.

hammock 3 hours ago | parent | next [-]

Agreed. If we could fund universal child care so that the ratio of caregiver to child was more like 1 to 2 or 1 to 5 or even 1 to 8 in extreme cases, then the lack of attentiveness would not be a problem.

Wait a minute… that sounds like…

Buttons840 2 hours ago | parent | next [-]

That sounds like the ideal situation we have decided to make unrealistic.

AnthonyMouse an hour ago | parent | prev | next [-]

> Wait a minute… that sounds like…

The child tax credit.

Spivak 2 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

Okay but you do understand that what you're suggesting costs the full salary a woman (because of course it would never be men asked give up their careers) could earn for the family and the economic gains that come with it. Back of the napkin calculation is three trillion dollars of value lost annually. And that's before the knock-on effects of such a massive recession. Household income will drop by 30-40% across the board because you're daft if you think men will be getting a raise. So there goes the demand side too.

Then there's the small issue that women's liberation happened and there's no reason to believe it wouldn't happen again given the conditions would be the exact same. Women won't be put back into financial captivity without a fight. In some ways I understand why men idealize this era of the past, but women were not having a good time.

svieira an hour ago | parent | next [-]

It doesn't cost the fully salary of the woman, it redirects it to something that can't be captured by large scale economics. Which, if you're trying to break the backs of the uber wealthy, is an excellent way to do it.

> Women won't be put back into financial captivity without a fight

This, along with the language of the supposedly "pro-male" camp ("why shackle yourself to someone who will just rough you over for most of your paycheck later and leave") are both approaching marriage wrong. If you're trying to achieve a good that cannot be had individually (a happy marriage) then both sides have to freely give 100% of what the shared good requires. Marriage cannot work as a Mexican standoff between two parties who are trying to take as much as possible from it without giving anything in return.

Dangerous? Yes. It's the most dangerous thing you can ever do, to take yourself in your own hands and offer yourself to another.

an hour ago | parent | prev | next [-]
[deleted]
Wowfunhappy an hour ago | parent | prev | next [-]

The other way to interpret GP is that we could implement long-term government-funded parental leave, especially if (!) the cost was comparable to universal child care. This could go to either parent, not necessarily the mother.

watwut an hour ago | parent | prev | next [-]

I mean, that is an advantage to people who push for that. That way the woman is made completely dependent on man and cant leave no matter how bad the situation gets. If you want men to be head of households then lack of female employment is an advantage.

Of course men to get simultaneously resentful over having to work while women done and spend their money each time they buy something, are not super thankful all of the time cause people are not, but that is not concern to those people either.

nathanaldensr an hour ago | parent | prev [-]

[flagged]

kelseyfrog an hour ago | parent | next [-]

> The burden of proof is on feminists to prove why things they believe and optimize for are necessary and good, not the other way around.

Simple question, but what evidence would change your mind?

watwut an hour ago | parent | prev | next [-]

> We need fathers to protect and provide.

Protect from what? Themselves and other men? Why do they have to provide while women are being made helpless and dependent?

> Things worked this way for thousands upon thousands of years and led to our species being amazingly resilient

It led to high domestic violence against women. Even normalized one where being the wife was considered just being a man. These are very much correlated with lack of opportunities for women to get earn and live independently. Too many men were using the "protection" as an excuse for being the primary danger in their women's lives.

tastyface an hour ago | parent | prev [-]

What the fuck, dude?

Bud, "your" people are "getting replaced" because they’re not fucking enough. Pounding your chest about "low-IQ" immigrants and masculinity won't help: they still won't fuck until they feel they can afford the lifestyle they want, regardless of who you feel the "burden of proof" is on. Enjoy seeing -- gasp!! -- a whole lot more brown faces with scary names in the future. (As always, the kids will be alright, regardless of whatever scornful glances they might catch from insecure adult "men".)

Want to raise the next generation of humans in a healthy, humanistic way? Then you go fucking do it, Mr. Big Man. Otherwise, let us do the sensible thing of having universal child care and go back to your racist rat hole.

Someday your woke kids will read your comment and will be mortified.

insane_dreamer 17 minutes ago | parent | prev [-]

Reduce military spending by 20% and problem solved. Literally.

It's not that we don't have the resources, they're just poorly distributed because we're more interested in subsidizing our bloated defense industry than citizens and their children.

bryanlarsen 2 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

You'd think the Economist would care more about this study: https://childcarecanada.org/documents/child-care-news/11/06/...

Showing that subsidized day care pays for itself.

czhu12 2 hours ago | parent | next [-]

I think the case that they are making is exactly that -- because it is run on the cheap, is what leads to worse outcomes for children.

insane_dreamer 16 minutes ago | parent | prev [-]

The Economist is a capitalism cheerleader, so no, they would not care for that study.

SoftTalker 4 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

It was done so mothers could work building tanks and airplanes, not out of any concern for the children.

tock 4 hours ago | parent | next [-]

Then do it today so mothers can continue to work and help the economy.

tbrownaw 3 hours ago | parent | next [-]

If the tax man can't see it, it doesn't exist.

.

Scenario A: Max and Alex are a couple and have kids. Max stays home with them, and Alex has a job with a coworker named Avery.

Scenario B: Max and Alex are a couple and have kids. They both work, and hire Avery to watch the kids.

The same total work gets done by the same group of people in both cases, but the second measures as "better" for "the economy".

Rebelgecko 3 hours ago | parent | next [-]

The financials of childcare don't really make sense to me. YMMV depending on your situation, but childcare costs are basically equivalent to my wife's teacher salary. And because of our tax bracket, it'd actually be CHEAPER for her to quit her job and take care of 2 kids full time, vs getting paid teach like 20 kids. There's tradeoffs in terms of career progression, but it seems broken that there's a decent financial argument for leaving the workforce.

abustamam 2 hours ago | parent | next [-]

That either means that childcare is too expensive or teachers don't get paid enough (probably both tbh)

I feel like a lot of folks don't actually do this math, and don't realize that they're essentially just working to pay someone else to watch their kid.

AnthonyMouse an hour ago | parent | next [-]

> That either means that childcare is too expensive or teachers don't get paid enough (probably both tbh)

It's not necessarily either one. If you do it yourself, you reuse the existing home instead of needing a separate building with its own rent, maintenance and security, the children and the adult watching them wake up in the same place instead of both having to commute to the childcare building, you have no administrative costs in terms of hiring, HR, accounting, background checks, etc. By the time you add up all the additional costs, you can easily end up underwater against doing it yourself even if each adult in the central facility is watching more kids -- and that itself is a cost because then each kid gets less attention.

somenameforme 30 minutes ago | parent | next [-]

Yip. Oddly enough, this has a lot of economic parallels with cooking at home vs eating out. For a silly example, you can make an Egg McMuffin for a tiny fraction of what you'd pay at McDonalds for one. Yet McDonalds (franchise, not corporate) operate on single digit profit margins. Why?

Because when you buy that Egg McMuffin you're not just paying for it. You're paying for an entire building of workers, the rent on that building, their licensing fees, their advertising costs, their electric costs, and much more. When you make it at home you're paying for nothing but the ingredients.

So it creates a paradoxical scenario - you're getting charged way more for stuff than if you made it yourself, but yet somehow you're not getting ripped off.

coryrc 11 minutes ago | parent | prev [-]

Poorer people use home-based daycares, which has the same cost advantages.

mixmastamyk 24 minutes ago | parent | prev [-]

Sounds like barter to me. There are some benefits, the kid expands their social life, the parent gets to fulfill career needs, etc. There may be issues, but shouldn't be thought of in completely negative terms.

cogman10 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Behold the glory of private equity.

Childcare is expensive because it's an industry captured by PE and in usual fashion they've increased costs while decreasing quality.

The caretaker watching your kid and the 20 other kids certainly isn't making the $20/hr they are charging to watch your kid. Even though they are doing all the work. Even their managers aren't typically making much money. It's the owner of the facilities that's vacuuming up the profits. And because the only other competition is the weirdo lady storing kids in the cellar, it's a lucrative business.

My wife did childcare. It's a major racket. Filled with over worked and underpaid employees and grift at every level. But hey, the owner was able to talk about how hard it was for them and how they actually got a really good deal on their porche (not joking) which is why nobody got raises.

It's a low skill job with a lot of young people that like the idea of playing with kids/babies around.

codazoda 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

My kids were young 25 years ago but the same was true for us then.

nineplay an hour ago | parent | prev [-]

The financials of leaving the workforce rarely make sense to me.

> There's tradeoffs in terms of career progression

There's X years of lost income, lost retirement savings, lost raises and bonuses ( depending on career ), lost promotions, lost acquisition of new skills which will keep the stay-home parent up to date with the modern workforce once they leave.

Teaching and nursing are still women dominated and famously supportive of women going back to work or starting work after staying home with the kids. For every other career path, good luck. How many people here would hire someone who'd be out of the workforce for 5, 10, 15 years without a second thought?

AnthonyMouse an hour ago | parent | prev | next [-]

> The same total work gets done by the same group of people in both cases, but the second measures as "better" for "the economy".

It's worse than that, because it's not the same work. In Scenario B the person watching the kids isn't their parent so they don't have the same bond or interest in the child's long-term success. It also introduces a lot of additional inefficiencies because now you have trust and vetting issues, either the child or the person watching the child has to commute every day so that they're in the same place because they no longer live in the same house as each other, etc.

runako 3 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

This analysis is incomplete for a couple of reasons:

1. any universal childcare scheme will involve groups larger than the median at-home familial group. Avery is watching ~1-2 kids, but if those kids are at creche, they are in a group of (say) ~4-5.

2. In much of the country, a) is financially out of reach for many couples due to cost of living generally being based around two-income households.

SoftTalker 3 hours ago | parent [-]

4.5? At a US daycare those kids will be in a group of 20-40, with one or two adults supervising.

runako 3 hours ago | parent | next [-]

Varies by state and age? My very red state does not allow a group of 40, full stop. The largest group allowed is for 3-year-olds, with a 1:15 adult:child ratio. For younger children, the ratios and group sizes are smaller.

I was off on the 4-5 though. Ratio for < 1 yo is 1:6.

Anyway, this is all to the point that it's nothing like the 1-2 in in-home care. There's a reason nannies are associated with richer people.

mlhpdx 2 hours ago | parent [-]

Given the cost of out of home childcare, three kids more than pays for a nanny. Even two can.

Not exactly a “rich” thing, just a matter of “scale” (in YC terms).

swivelmaster 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

In California, at least, those numbers wouldn't be acceptable.

My daughter's at an in-home daycare with IIRC five or six other kids. There are two adults there full-time, sometimes three.

Two adults supervising 20-40 daycare-aged kids is simply not feasible.

sa46 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Depends on the state and child age. California is on the stricter end of legally mandated ratios:

0-18 months: 1:3

18 months to 3 years: 1:4

3-5 years: 1:5

nradov 2 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

Bullshit. Most US states have strict staff ratio limits for properly licensed daycare facilities. The exact ratios vary by state but typically this is something like 1:4 for infants up to 1:14 for school-age children.

Tade0 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

My SO spent a few months collecting the neighbour's daughter along with our own from kindergarten and in exchange the neighbour would make dinner for us. This arrangement started because the neighbours' shifts didn't align with kindergarten hours.

At some point it struck me that this is all labour, but there was no money exchanged for the services rendered and certainly no taxes collected. Even worse - without this our neighbours would have to take an inordinate amount of time off, as getting a babysitter was too expensive.

caseysoftware 2 hours ago | parent [-]

> At some point it struck me that this is all labour, but there was no money exchanged for the services rendered and certainly no taxes collected. Even worse - without this our neighbours would have to take an inordinate amount of time off, as getting a babysitter was too expensive.

How is this bad?

Both your and their family benefited directly in terms of trading responsibilities and indirectly in building relationships between daughters and neighbors.

Is your concern that neither of you paid taxes?

zeroonetwothree 3 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

It’s not measured in GDP but it is measured. For example right now it’s estimated that household production is around 23% of GDP. So quite sizable.

Part of the reason it’s not included in GDP is just that it’s not reliable to measure precisely so it’s not as valuable as a statistic for making monetary and fiscal policy decisions.

danorama 3 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

But what if Avery has the skills and training to watch 5 kids at once in a group?

hypertele-Xii 2 hours ago | parent [-]

How do you "skill" yourself more attention to give?

gcapu 3 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

They are very different.

In scenario A, the labor of watching the kids is untaxed.

In Scenario B is Avery watches many kids and the effort per kid is reduced, but you get taxed.

jancsika 3 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Interesting game engine:

1. Each sim gets a minimum wage of $childcare dollars

2. Each sim gets a maximum wage of $childcare dollars

phantasmish 3 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

I have a suspicion a lot of the “why did wages stop keeping pace with the growth of the economy?” problem is because real productivity hasn’t been growing nearly as fast as our measures of it. But the measures are tied to ways for capitalists to extract more money, so that fake-growth does make line go up for owners. But there’s not nearly as much more actual work getting done as one might think from the numbers.

I mean what, 10ish% of our entire GDP in the US, and IIRC that’s generously low, is being throwing in a fire from excessive spending on healthcare for effectively no actual benefit, versus peer states. And that’s just one fake-productivity issue (though one that affects the US more than most). But our GDP would drop if we fixed that!

somenameforme an hour ago | parent [-]

It's inflation IMO. Wages started stagnating in the 70s which is exactly when the USD became completely unbacked (due to the end of Bretton Woods), enabling the government to go endlessly deep into debt, which we proceeded to do with gusto, sending inflation skyrocketing.

Somebody who's earning 20% more today than they were 5 years ago would probably think they're on, at least, a reasonable career trajectory. In reality they would be earning less in real terms than they were 5 years ago, thanks to inflation.

In times of low or no inflation it's impossible for this happen. But with inflation it becomes very difficult for workers to really appreciate how much they're earning, and it enables employers to even cut wages while their employees smile about receiving a 2% 'pay raise' when they should be raging about the pay cut they just took.

__turbobrew__ an hour ago | parent | prev | next [-]

In Scenario B the government gets to collect more tax revenues, and also has additional levers to influence certain behaviour (the government will tax you, but give you a tax break if you do Y). Also, the government can make your labor worth less by printing money and increasing inflation.

beowulfey 3 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

It's not just about the economy, it is about freedom of choice. What does Max and Avery feel about their careers? Would they rather be working or watching kids? If one parent has to stay home, that might mean having to give up a good career.

No one should be forced to choose between a career and kids, unless the goal is falling birthrates.

jazzyjackson 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Child rearing is the most economically important task a mother can do, it's just not compensated for fairly. The wrong thing to do is ensure the parents are working for low wages + have children raised by low wage workers.

JumpCrisscross 44 minutes ago | parent [-]

> Child rearing is the most economically important task a mother can do

This is really only true in the post-WWII Western nuclear family. Most cultures historically and today have group elements to childbearing.

abustamam 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

I'd argue that that's the wrong goal. Ideally, families can afford to live off of one salary so that mothers could choose to continue to care for their children if they wanted to do so.

Currently, very few families are privileged enough to live off of one salary. Both parents need to work in order to make ends meet.

I'm not saying it's an easy problem to solve, or that free childcare isn't a good interim solution. But important to keep the end goal in mind.

Braxton1980 15 minutes ago | parent [-]

The government can set up free child care as it has already set up other similar programs.

How would the government make it so that a single salary can provide for a family? Wouldn't this require massive interference with the economy?

jagged-chisel 4 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

They would need to be building tanks and airplanes.

TylerE 3 hours ago | parent [-]

Why?

We don’t need tanks and planes. We have plenty.

nradov 3 hours ago | parent | next [-]

We've strayed pretty far from the original topic here, but the reality is that the US military is literally running out of working aircraft because they're so old. The average age of USAF aircraft is now about 28 years. The fleet was allowed to decay and not substantially recapitalized during the GWOT. Many of the fighters in the combat coded inventory aren't even allowed to hit their original 9G maneuvering limit any more due to accumulated airframe fatigue. Now we're paying an overdue bill.

And let's please not have any uninformed claims that somehow cheap "drones" will magically make large, expensive manned aircraft obsolete. Small, cheap drones are effective in a trench warfare environment like the current conflict in Ukraine but they lack the range, speed, and payload necessary to be useful in a potential major regional conflict with China. And the notion of relying on AI for any sort of complex mission in a dynamic environment remains firmly in the realm of science fiction: maybe that will be feasible in a few decades but for now any really complex missions still rely on humans in the loop to execute effectively.

WalterBright 2 hours ago | parent [-]

The problem is that fighter aircraft have gotten too expensive to afford to build, even for a nation.

nradov 2 hours ago | parent | next [-]

Sure, that is a problem. Ironically the best solution from an overall expense management standpoint is to drive economies of scale by building more and retiring older units on an accelerated schedule to cut maintenance costs. Keep production lines running continuously instead of periodically starting and stopping. The F-35A, while badly flawed in certain ways, is at least relatively affordable due to high production volumes.

mlhpdx 2 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

Not to build, but to build and maintain. We never budget for maintenance (we as in companies and governments).

lenkite 3 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Everyone should learn how to build drones.

echelon 3 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

Main battle tanks are probably less useful in the future of armed conflict due to the effectiveness of drones.

Spending on childcare means we need to offset those debts with other revenues.

We have close to full employment, so I'd argue that freeing up labor isn't as strategic as other categories of spending.

It all depends on what you want to prioritize. For the long term health of the nation, these areas seem key for continued economic resiliency:

- pay down the debt so it doesn't spiral out of control (lots of strategies here, some good, some bad: higher taxes, lower spending, wanton imperialism, inflation, etc.)

- remain competitive in key industries, including some catch-up: robotics, batteries, solar, chip manufacture

- if we're going for a multipolar world / self-sufficiency play, we need to rebuild the supply chain by onshoring and friendshoring. This means the boring stuff too, like plastics and pharmaceutical inputs.

- lots of energy expansion and infrastructure

TylerE 3 hours ago | parent [-]

I think we should act with empathy and care for each other.

The government does not need to be run like a fucking business.

echelon 3 hours ago | parent [-]

It's because it runs like a business that we're able to enjoy a high standard of living.

If the economy stops growing, or worse, degrades, everyone will suffer incredibly. Job loss, investment loss, higher cost of living.

There's a wide gulf between childcare for none and childcare for all.

I'm an atheist, but some of the cheapest childcare is at churches. Orders of magnitude cheaper than private childcare because they already have the infrastructure for it. I've had affluent people turn their nose at the idea of Christians watching their kids. But there are entirely affordable options if you're not being choosey.

TimorousBestie 2 hours ago | parent [-]

I don’t understand the conjunction of “the state should not subsidize childcare with taxes” and “the church should subsidize childcare with underpaid labor and tithes.”

tbrownaw 36 minutes ago | parent [-]

Church membership is voluntary.

roughly 4 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Yeah, it turns out that things like free health care, adequate food, good schools, and all that other socialist mumbo jumbo is actually good for productivity and the economy, too.

macintux 4 hours ago | parent | next [-]

I wonder how many people would start businesses if we had UBI and free health care as a safety net.

meagher 3 hours ago | parent | next [-]

This was a worry for me when leaving my full time job in 2022 to work on open source. Our OSS project was able to pay rent, but was concerned about healthcare costs for my partner and me (NY state has extended COBRA coverage, but it's extremely expensive). My co-founder lives in Australia, which has free basic health care, so he was up for leaving his job before I was.

Taking the risk was one of the best decisions I've made, but if I had a chronic health condition/higher healthcare costs, probably would not have been comfortable.

vidarh 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

I grew up in Norway, that while it doesn't have UBI does have a safety net that meant the notion of ever living in poverty was just entirely foreign to me growing up, and for me at least I think that made it easier to take the decision to leave university and start a company.

The risk of ending unemployed was just never scary.

zeroonetwothree 3 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

I think it’s more likely that UBI discourages business creation than encourages it.

Though the studies seem to show roughly zero net effect so perhaps these cancel out.

Aurornis 3 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Several of the UBI pilot studies included new venture creation (including solo self-employment, not just classic business creation) as part of their measurements. The last few I looked at had zero difference in new business creation between recipients and control group.

A lot of the UBI trials have actually had disappointing results. The arguments usually claim that it’s not a valid test because it wasn’t guaranteed for life, or the goalposts move to claim that UBI shouldn’t be about anything other than improving safety nets.

Unfortunately I think the UBI that many people imagine is a lot higher than any UBI that would be mathematically feasible. Any UBI system that provided even poverty level wages would require significant tax increases to pay for it, far beyond what you could collect from the stereotypical “just tax billionaires” ideal. Try multiplying the population of the US by poverty level annual income and you’ll see that the sum total is a huge number. In practice, anyone starting a business would probably end up paying more in taxes under a UBI scheme than they’d collect from the UBI payments.

vidarh 2 hours ago | parent | next [-]

The "classical" UBI argument from a liberal point of view (classical liberal, not US liberal) has typically been that UBI would lower the complexity and by extension cost of welfare by removing the needs to means-test. In Europe, UBI was typically more likely to be pushed by (by our standards) centre-right parties.

For this reason, UBI traditionally was seen negatively by the left, who saw it as a means of removing necessary extra support and reduce redistribution.

Heck, Marx even ridiculed the lack of fairness of equal distribution far before UBI was a relevant concept, in Critique of the Gotha Program, when what became the German SPD argued for equal distribution (not in the form of UBI), seemingly without thinking through the consequences of their wording, and specifically argued that "To avoid all these defects, right, instead of being equal, would have to be unequal".

Parts of the mainstream left today has started embracing it, seemingly having forgotten why they used to oppose it.

JoshTriplett 3 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

> Any UBI system that provided even poverty level wages would require significant tax increases to pay for it

Or cutting other things to pay for it, in addition to smaller tax increases. And the costs go down once it's bootstrapped long enough to obtain the long-term economic benefits that grow the economy (which will take a while to materialize).

Honestly, my biggest concern with it is that people will (rightfully) worry that it won't last more than 4-8 years because the subsequent administration will attack it with everything they have, and thus treat it as temporary.

caseysoftware 2 hours ago | parent | next [-]

> And the costs go down once it's bootstrapped long enough to obtain the long-term economic benefits that grow the economy (which will take a while to materialize).

That's a major claim. Which places under UBI (or in one of the experiments) has that manifested?

parineum 3 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

> And the costs go down once it's bootstrapped long enough to obtain the long-term economic benefits that grow the economy (which will take a while to materialize).

This is hypothetical, isn't it?

vidarh 2 hours ago | parent [-]

Depends what you mean.

We have a decent idea of the velocity of money of households at different income levels on the basis of how likely people are to spend all their money vs. holding on to them in ways that may or may not be as effective at stimulating economic activity.

In that sense it is not particularly hypothetical.

In terms of whether people will be more likely to e.g. start a business, that part is a lot more hypothetical. There have been some trials where there seems to have been some effect, but others where it's not clear.

That effect seems very much hypothetical. But that was not part of the classical argument for UBI, and I don't think it's a good idea to use it as an argument for UBI.

3 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]
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parineum 3 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

It takes a good idea and a willingness to take a risk to start a business. I don't think that risk aversion is what's stopping new businesses, there are a lot of people who do a lot of what I consider too risky.

Instead, what I wonder is how many new businesses wouldn't be viable under a tax structure that provides ubi and health care. Not to be dismissive but that's definitely a concern in a world replete with fledgling businesses that mostly fail.

SoftTalker 3 hours ago | parent | next [-]

Yeah this is sort of the reaction I had. Removing "risk" with UBI and free healthcare and free childcare also removes the filters for a lot of people who would be bad at running a business. If you don't have the stomach to take the risk and do the work to make your idea a success, then maybe you shouldn't try.

We don't need millions of more failed businesses as the result of giving everyone UBI.

watwut 33 minutes ago | parent [-]

Why do you need people to make big risks livelihood to do business? People from affluent environment start businesses the most often and they dont really risk all that much. They know they will get help if it fails.

In fact, successful businesses started by people who can return back to good jobs if it fails are completely normal thing.

runako 3 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

The data on UBI isn't out there, but it is notable that countries with similar tax rates to the US manage to have universal healthcare and more expansive safety nets. Some examples: New Zealand (tax rate ~30% less than the US), Korea, Switzerland, Australia, UK, Japan, Netherlands, Norway.

Americans really should be asking why we're paying a significantly higher tax burden than New Zealand and not getting similar services as part of the bargain.

Put another way: the US is incredibly rich compared to other countries. Our poorest states have higher GDP per capita than most rich countries. And our taxes are not particularly low. Our social issues are 100% about how we choose to allocate our shared resources. The good thing is we can always choose to make different choices.

bluecalm 2 hours ago | parent [-]

Switzerland has mandatory healthcare insurance and subsidies for low income earners. The insurance is provided by private companies. It's not really universal healthcare system like in most EU countries.

Private insurance can work out fine if regulated well. In USA you have regulatory capture that makes services expensive. Impossible barriers to entry coupled with terrible regulation on price transparency and a lot of cartel like behavior.

airstrike 3 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

UBI is both a pipe dream and unnecessary.

tenpies 3 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

n = 1, but if we get UBI, I will immediately start a precious metals brokerage business.

WalterBright 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Obamacare is threatening to capsize the country with its cost.

dmix 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

America is #3 in the world in per capita public education spending (Luxumberg being #1). Which is the education system I always see Europeans maligned as producing “dumb Americans”.

US also ranks #1 in public healthcare funding both as per capita and as percentage of GDP. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_spending_as_percent_of_...

RestlessMind 3 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Reality doesn't match your claim, for example when one looks at European countries who have all of that.

jazzyjackson 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Why is "the economy" our highest priority here?

roughly an hour ago | parent [-]

It’s not, but we seem to have to keep convincing business people that they’re part of society, so it helps to be able to appeal to their pocketbooks, too.

andy99 4 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Have you seen comparisons between American and Canadian productivity? It’s definitely more complicated than just socialist leaning government programs make the country more productive.

WalterBright 2 hours ago | parent [-]

The Canadian economy is not doing very well.

johndevor 3 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

And yet every single socialist, European country is behind the US in terms of their economic output.

lordnacho 2 hours ago | parent | next [-]

https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/labor-productivity-per-ho...

rs186 3 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

So tired of the argument.

Not everything is measured in "economic output", not to mention that metric itself doesn't make any sense when comparing countries of vastly different size, population etc.

Demiurge 3 hours ago | parent [-]

Yeah, it’s like forgetting that the point of money in life is living, rather than the money itself.

dmix 2 hours ago | parent [-]

Life is not about checking off boxes on how much free stuff you can hypothetically get from the government either. That has tons of costs and risks just like everything else in life. It’s all relative.

bequanna 4 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

Totally agree.

However, this only works in a high trust society, which we no longer have.

Retric 3 hours ago | parent | next [-]

Trust is irrelevant, families gain the after tax income of working mothers but society gains not just the pretax value but the actual value of work generated. Thus subsidizing childcare and moving the needle to align society’s benefits and family benefits is a net gain without the issue of trust being involved.

The same is true of quality public education etc, however creating US vs THEM narratives are politically powerful even if they don’t actually reflect reality.

MichaelZuo 3 hours ago | parent [-]

How can trust be irrelevant? Why would anyone want pretenders and deceivers to have better families?

Retric 3 hours ago | parent [-]

If you yourself alongside everyone else in your country benefits why should you care if you happen to dislike some of those people?

dmitrygr 3 hours ago | parent [-]

Because YOU are paying for those benefits and they aren’t. If you truly don’t see how offering something for free would attract all the freeloaders, increasing the load on those who work, there’s no saving you.

balamatom 4 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

While in a low trust society, which you obviously already have, people are most productive when they're at perpetual risk of starvation.

bequanna 3 hours ago | parent | next [-]

No, you simply are unable to reap the benefits that are available to high trust societies.

linksnapzz 3 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

"productive"

bparsons 3 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

This is the big reason other countries have free or cheap childcare. People who have kids want to continue earning money, and people who earn money want to have kids. It can be easily justified using only an economic productivity argument.

petcat 3 hours ago | parent | next [-]

Very few other countries have free childcare. In Europe I'm only aware of Slovenia and a couple others. Canada doesn't have anything close to the universal system that's in New Mexico.

tomp an hour ago | parent | next [-]

Slovenia doesn’t have free healthcare, only subsidized.

Source: https://www.gov.si/teme/znizano-placilo-vrtca/

ivan_gammel 2 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

Berlin, Germany. Admission from 1.5 y.o.

ponector 3 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

In which country there is a cheap childcare, especially if we are talking about children under 3?

Also even if it is cheap, children can attend it few days a week, staying sick at home almost every week for a day or two. Not every employer can tolerate such worker.

coryrc 6 minutes ago | parent | next [-]

> In which country there is a cheap childcare, especially if we are talking about children under 3?

France AFAICT

https://www.newsweek.com/us-mom-unpacks-costs-child-care-par...

https://www.connexionfrance.com/news/explainer-how-childcare...

ninalanyon an hour ago | parent | prev [-]

> In which country there is a cheap childcare, especially if we are talking about children under 3?

Norway. The maximum price for barnehage (kindergarten Norwegian style) is 1 200 NOK per month, about 120 USD, but never more than 6% of the household's income. Every child is guaranteed a place. Families with low income get 20 hours a week 'core time' free. Children can attend from one year old until they start school at five or six.

See https://www.statsforvalteren.no/innlandet/barnehage-og-oppla...

WalterBright 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

> a moved to pure individualism built around selfishness

The US was founded on individual rights and freedoms, not community sacrifice. Meanwhile, during the 1800s, scores of millions of people moved up from poverty into the middle class and beyond.

(Immigrants to the US arrived with nothing more than a suitcase.)

> Funny how we keep forgetting the past and reject what benefited us as a whole

Oh the irony!

ivan_gammel 2 hours ago | parent | next [-]

> The US was founded on individual rights

Excluding those whose land was stolen and redistributed by government.

> not community sacrifice

Excluding government-funded infrastructure projects like canals that enabled growth. And support that immigrants received from ethnic communities.

> Meanwhile, during the 1800s, scores of millions of people moved up from poverty

Yes, fifteen tons, we know that song.

seizethecheese 2 hours ago | parent [-]

This comment is sort of weird. Like you’re finding technically true rebuttals that don’t really refute the high level point.

ivan_gammel an hour ago | parent [-]

The high level point is idealism not grounded in historical facts and probably not worthy spending time and going deeper with criticism, because full rebuttal isn’t some expert knowledge - ChatGPT can do that for you. America of 1800s is everything but libertarian paradise and is not truly exceptional. Industrialization in Europe increased prosperity while building welfare states at the same time.

jjk166 43 minutes ago | parent | prev | next [-]

> The US was founded on individual rights and freedoms, not community sacrifice.

Approximately 25,000 americans gave their lives in the revolutionary war. Every signer of the declaration of independence was signing their own death warrant should they have lost to the strongest military in the world. This country was 100% founded on community sacrifice.

sdsd 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

I mildly disagree with your take but it's still mindblowing how I can read some random political flame on HN and it's WALTER FUCKING BRIGHT. Your one of my tech heroes, so cool to spot you on here. If this were real life I'd ask for a selfie to prove that this happened but maybe you could, idk, sign a message with your PGP key so I can prove I interacted with you

insane_dreamer 10 minutes ago | parent | prev | next [-]

> The US was founded on individual rights and freedoms ... during the 1800s, scores of millions of people moved up from poverty into the middle class and beyond.

Woah! The US was founded on occupation and slavery. How do you think millions of people were able to move up out of poverty? Because the US was abundant in land and natural resources, which during the 1800s we stole from the native Americans and exploited in large part with slave labor (at first, later pseudo-enslavement as sharecroppers).

selimthegrim 2 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

> The US was founded on individual rights and freedoms, not community sacrifice.

You clearly didn’t grow up in an immigrant neighborhood in the city

sdsd 2 hours ago | parent [-]

I disagree with Walter here but the US wasn't founded by urban immigrants. There's a difference between pioneers, like the Mennonites in Mexico, and immigrants, like digital nomads in Mexico. The former are almost always more popular than the latter.

add-sub-mul-div 4 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Our politicians are unpopular because they do nothing to help us, and when they explicitly help us it's framed as lazy poor people looking for handouts. It makes no sense.

macintux 4 hours ago | parent | next [-]

Don't forget the "1% of the recipients are fraudulent, therefore the other 99% must spend 10 hours on paperwork and 6 months waiting for the benefits to start, with a 30% chance of rejection" approach.

Aurornis 3 hours ago | parent | next [-]

> Don't forget the "1% of the recipients are fraudulent

It’s complicated. Having 1% fraudulent recipients despite having very thorough and deep vetting processes should be a clue that fraud is a big problem.

The fallacy is assuming that the fraud rate would stay the same if we removed the checks. It would not. The 1% fraud rate is only what gets through the current checks. The more you remove the checks, the higher the fraud rate.

When systems remove all fraud checks, the amount of fraud is hard to fathom if you’ve never been on the side of a fraud detection effort.

10 minutes ago | parent | next [-]
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runako 3 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

There's a couple of fallacies embedded here. For example, that there is a thorough and deep vetting process that is also impartial (vs being invested in denying benefits).

Also the assumption that an application that is denied == fraud. Programs are incredibly complex, and requirements are a moving target. I can imagine someone going to renew based on their understanding of the program, and inadvertently being flagged as fraud because some requirement changed (which in turn might have been incorrectly conveyed because the requirements are complex and even state staffers may not understand them all).

Some of this is down to the DOGE definition of "fraud, waste, abuse" as "anything we do not like." Using that definition, you can find fraud anywhere.

WalterBright 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

> 1% of the recipients are fraudulent

Google sez:

"The total amount of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) improper payments for Fiscal Year (FY) 2023 was an estimated $10.5 billion, or 11.7% of total benefits paid."

insane_dreamer 8 minutes ago | parent [-]

That doesn't mean 11% of recipients are fraudulent.

OGEnthusiast 3 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Unfortunately the US doesn't have a high-trust society anymore, so paperwork is a necessary evil to prevent malicious foreign actors from wiping us clean. (See: the recent Somalian autism claims scams in Minnesota).

tbrownaw 2 hours ago | parent | next [-]

Where does mass trustworthy behavior (ie, "a high trust society") come from?

loeg 2 hours ago | parent | next [-]

From the perspective of 2025, it's pretty incredible how much of a higher trust society we had as recently as 2019.

Braxton1980 9 minutes ago | parent [-]

How are you measuring this?

tstrimple 2 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

It probably starts when one of the only two viable political parties stops undermining everything possibly good in this country in their effort to prove government doesn't work.

selimthegrim 2 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

Do you have more references about this?

loeg 2 hours ago | parent [-]

It's a very recent story, but for example:

https://www.justice.gov/usao-mn/pr/first-defendant-charged-a...

The fraudulent provider(s) bribed parents to get their kids diagnosed autistic. As, a result, autism diagnoses of children in this community are ~3x the background rate:

https://www.mprnews.org/episode/2024/10/10/research-finds-1-...

https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/researchers-find-alarming-...

terminalshort 3 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

Have you considered that the reason it's only 1% is because they are strict and have a high rejection rate?

macintux 3 hours ago | parent [-]

I would rather suffer 5-10% fraud if 100% of the eligible recipients are able to receive the benefits.

With the current system, far fewer than 100% of the people intended to benefit will actually make the cut.

zeroonetwothree 3 hours ago | parent | next [-]

There’s no reason to assume it would be as low as 10% without strict checks. It could easily be 90% or more. We already see big regional difference for tax and medical fraud which likely reflects different enforcement levels and knowledge about how to skirt them.

terminalshort 3 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

But you're not going to get 5-10% fraud. Already there is significant disability fraud way past your 1% number even in our strict system. e.g. there are counties in the US where almost 1 in 5 working age adults is on disability because they are supposedly too disabled to work.

Most people won't commit fraud in an honest system, but that flips rapidly when they see fraud being tolerated. You make it easy to defraud the program and the fraudsters will pile in. Your staff will be overwhelmed and 90% of the applications will be fraudulent. Just look at what happened with the PPP program during covid. It's estimated that $200 billion was lost to fraud.

Braxton1980 5 minutes ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Only one political party rallies against "government handouts" and blames the individual for their problems.

Why would you generalize your opinion to all when this is extremely clear?

How can things get better if you can't even be bothered to criticize at a granular level? Since we are a Democracy this matters.

ryandrake 4 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Don't forget: When they help billionaires and trillion dollar business, it's framed as driving prosperity and stimulating the economy.

watwut 4 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

Maybe people should stop voting for the party that does that then. And for politicians that do that then.

zeroonetwothree 3 hours ago | parent | next [-]

Turns out most people apparently don’t actually want that. Or at least not that strongly to overcome other factors.

Weird how people seem to think democracy only works when their side is winning.

loeg 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Neither major US political party has a great track record here. On balance, I prefer one over the other, as I'm sure you do too. But they're both pretty far off from my ideal set of policies.

macintux 4 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

It turns out that the promise to hurt other people more is a winning strategy.

softwaredoug 4 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

The US will kick into gear at certain emergency times (WW2, Covid, etc) but not so great outside of then.

ryandrake 4 hours ago | parent [-]

I don't see how the US's feeble and lackluster response to COVID counted as "kicking into gear".

softwaredoug 2 hours ago | parent | next [-]

We put massive public funding into vaccine. We also seemed to fund healthcare a great deal (now being pulled back as ACA subsidies expire). Covid was the basis for a lot of short term emergency measures in early Biden, even late Trump I, admins.

zeroonetwothree 3 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

We developed vaccines in record time, saving millions of lives. If that’s “feeble” then I guess I’ll take it every time.

anon191928 4 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

it's because people dont operate with facts and truth. they just want lies instead, sad reality

darknavi 3 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

What's the Matter with Kansas? (2004) by Thomas Frank explores some of this, but centered around Kansas. Pretty interesting (and frustrating) stuff.

3 hours ago | parent [-]
[deleted]