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▲ Show HN: PS2 games statically recompiled to WebAssembly(github.com)
162 points by deadxwarrior 9 hours ago | 86 comments
▲aceazzameen an hour ago | parent | next [-]

I don't know. There's suddenly so many decomps that run native (granted this post is about WebAssembly). Is there no concern about hidden malware? IMO it doesn't have the same level of trust and vetting that the emulator scene has. At least not yet.

▲zuInnp 4 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

All of this recomp stuff is pretty amazing. I really don't like how AI changed my profession, but hey at least I get something good from it.

▲exhumet 2 hours ago | parent [-]

same lol. but hey, ive been able to play the xbox 360 version of NFS most wanted perfectly on steamdeck in one press of a button due to the efforts of the fine folks working on these recomps so ill take a small win here and there. ive heard theyve also got the original forza horizon working too. so im stoked.

▲patrickk 39 minutes ago | parent [-]

Here's a guy who put together this recomp of NFS the Xbox 360 version, running on the Steam Deck:

https://old.reddit.com/r/SteamDeck/comments/1x0vzyb/speedbre...

Forza Horizon recomp: https://github.com/arcanite24/pinyon-shift

More Xbox 360 projects here:

https://fangamesdb.com/consoles/xbox-360.html

▲Megabinator 4 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

What about compiling the compiler to WebAssembly so it can be hosted anywhere and convert a project directly from a browser?

▲kodablah 3 hours ago | parent | next [-]

Mentioned in other comment, but this is what I did at https://github.com/cretz/vitaslop for Vita. Generic ARM-to-WASM transpiler.

▲deadxwarrior 4 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

yes, and its probably where this should go. The recompiler itself is plain C++ and builds for wasm easily, the heavy part is compiling its output (GoW2 becomes about 670k lines of Cpp), which would need clang running in the browser. The nicer route is to have the recompiler emit WebAssembly directly and let the browsers own engine compile it. I already do that for VU1 microprograms that were not seen AOT. It also solves distribution you'd pick your own ISO and the conversion would happen locally, so nothing derived from the game is ever hosted.

▲Elizer0x0309 3 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

With the slew of recomps these days enabled by AI, How much incentive is there for a game studio to pour their heart, soul and money in a product when it can be easily "stolen" and shared for free...

▲goosejuice 3 hours ago | parent | next [-]

It's been 27 years since Napster. People are still making albums and movies. I don't think piracy moves the needle in any meaningful way, not with enforcement anyway.

▲Laremere an hour ago | parent [-]

Look at a graph of music industry earnings. Earnings peaked around 2000 mostly from CDs, before plumiting because of piracy and the transition to digital. To the people trying to make a living, it changed everything in every meaningful way. Sure enforcement happened eventually, but only after setting everything on fire and changing consumer expectations to be unaligned with artists actually making money for people listening to their music (foreshadowing). The industry has maybe only just recovered with streaming revenue, only for AI to come in like a wrecking ball again.

▲sublinear an hour ago | parent [-]

I think it's still debatable whether piracy was the sole cause, or if it was a watershed moment for all the problems that already existed long before napster.

The internet sparked interest in independent music, artists had been fed up for a long time regarding earnings, and the music being made by the big labels was already pretty lackluster by this point in time.

▲yieldcrv 2 minutes ago | parent | prev | next [-]

The market doesn’t want them to invest half a decade to a decade into games anyway

Anything that shows its no longer worth it will accelerate that industry using newer tools to make games faster with multimodal language models powering audio, voice, asset generation, rendering as well as agentic workflows for the manual work humans would still be involved in

right now, AAA studios won’t do it and their audiences wont want them to do it, but any dedicated indie developer that would have never hired the teams of people needed for those aspects can do it. a nearby parallel reality where AAA do it based on no ability to protect high valued IP looks closer with the decompilation route

▲diath 3 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

People who want to support a game studio will buy the game anyway. People who do not want to support the studio will pirate the game anyway. It's the same reason why piracy does not matter at all, those people weren't going to pay for your game either way.

▲nullishdomain 14 minutes ago | parent | next [-]

If GTA6 shows up for free in a web browser day one, it will for sure hurt sales. Not sure how anyone could argue otherwise: people are paying to play GTA, not paying to support Rockstar. These older games though, I agree with you.

▲jgalt212 13 minutes ago | parent | prev [-]

Relying on support / the kindness of strangers is quick way to financial ruin. It's about providing a service / product that has value that consumers will, if forced to, pay for.

▲treyd 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

I don't understand this framing of recomps using the word "stolen". For most games the hard part and the valuable part is not "writing the code", it's everything else.

▲fwip 2 hours ago | parent [-]

I think it's less that recompilation is stealing the code, and more that it is a piece of the puzzle to 'stealing' the game experience (the thing that you would pay for).

Emulators + ROM is one way to do that. Recompiling from the ROM is another. I think that for most people, your stance on if emulating is stealing or piracy, will well-predict how you feel about recompilation tools.

▲vjsrinivas 3 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

The incentive will always be there for games that build an organic community. Good examples are a lot of Valve games.

▲iugtmkbdfil834 3 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

Because good stuff will defend itself regardless. If Pratchett or Carlin was alive, I would still be waiting for his new stuff.. maybe even more so in the age of AI. Hell, I am doing a ton of personal projects now and I am still waiting for new divinity, because by know I trust them to do the stuff right. And this is the point: no more corporate slop! All hail AI slop. Second golden gaming age is upon us brothers!

▲Hyperlisk an hour ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Very cool! I'm working on something similar but am taking it much slower with a focus on accuracy. Mine recompiles into Golang to take advantage of built-in SIMD support.

I've been building the tooling around the PS2 binaries and hope to have a standalone PSS player out soon that can play PSS files as they are encoded, via simulated renderer, and via in-game engine renderer. The future is so bright with LLMs!

▲eluusive 6 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Who would want to play Gran Turismo without long CD loading screens?

▲easyThrowaway 6 hours ago | parent | next [-]

A better question: who would want to play Gran Turismo 3 or 4 without pressure sensitive controllers?

Even using the original ps2 or ps3 controller with the right drivers on PCSX2 doesn't really reproduce the same smooth acceleration/brake curve of the PS2.

Playing them on a keyboard or fully digital inputs is just a miserable experience.

▲sigmar 3 hours ago | parent | next [-]

>Even using the original ps2 or ps3 controller with the right drivers on PCSX2 doesn't really reproduce the same smooth acceleration/brake curve of the PS2.

why not? if we're at the point of byte perfect recomp of system firmware+games, surely we could find a patch that would fix that in both pcsx2 or this project

▲Xirdus 40 minutes ago | parent [-]

Generic PS2-to-USB adapters ignore that part of the spec, so the PC doesn't receive these inputs at all. You'd need to build your own adapter out of Arduino or something.

▲suprjami 4 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

Right analog should be accelerate and brake.

Analog buttons were always a bad idea and should never be used.

These days you can map analog triggers to the sticks for a modern experience if you want that.

▲easyThrowaway 3 hours ago | parent | next [-]

> These days you can map analog triggers to the sticks for a modern experience if you want that.

It gets wonky if you press both analog triggers at the same time though. I've also tried mapping them to X and O to simulate the pressure, but the range is also somewhat off, with a way steeper curve (half pressing a trigger gives nearly 100% intensity of the OG buttons).

An alternate solution I've seen around is using a GMIX or similar devices and mapping the g29 wheel controls from the game to a modern Xbox/PS controller, but I've never tried it myself.

▲fwip 2 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

I think the ergonomics of right stick for that is horrendous, but aside from that, for a racing sim game, you're gonna need to be able to hit the brake and the gas at the same time.

▲rickdeckard 6 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

wow, how awesome it would be to play those games with Trackmania-like reload-times (if you restart the race in Trackmania, you're immediately at the starting line again).

I assume it would require some additional patching in those GT / NFS games though...

▲ssl-3 6 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

That's easy enough to simulate, too, isn't it? Just pause the game manually at the right spots to make time to get up, make a sandwich, eat the sandwich, take the dog out, walk the dog around the block, and then use the bathroom before resuming. No worries.

▲ErroneousBosh 4 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

ITYM "Who would want to play Gran Turismo" [Preparing...] <fwsssssssssss rrrmp fssswsss grmp fsswsss grmp fssswsss grmp> <ejects disc, polishes on T-shirt> <fwsssssssssssssssssssssss> "without long CD" [Preparing...] <aw no not again...> "loading screens?"

▲embedding-shape 6 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Or without the very-much-needed hold-your-breath moment at startup, where you listen to the sounds to see if the DVD actually loaded correctly. You get a ~1 second moment in there where life itself suddenly stops, before you hear the "viump" that tells you everything is OK in the world.

▲Xirdus 33 minutes ago | parent [-]

PS1 was more fun. You could tell it's failing to load before it failed to load. Then you give it a good smack and it tries harder before giving up. You could get almost any game disc to play reliably in 3 hits or less.

▲styleio 5 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

And you lose the acoustic error handling too: one seek noise meant resolve(), another meant reject().

▲khalidkhair an hour ago | parent | prev | next [-]

I wonder how "legal" hosting this would be given that it would require the host to basically distribute the game for free for everyone else

▲Xirdus an hour ago | parent | next [-]

As legal as archive.org collection of DOS games playable in browser, by which I mean not at all. But defunct game studios rarely sue.

▲deadxwarrior 41 minutes ago | parent | prev [-]

i actually developed the project to play my own game dumps remotely via VPN from my home server; making it publicly available is not legal and will be consequences:)

▲Altern4tiveAcc 36 minutes ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Pretty cool stuff. Seems like the web build script isn't escaping spaces in the game name.

▲deadxwarrior 27 minutes ago | parent [-]

Thanks for pointing this out! i found the issue and fixed it

▲kodablah 3 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

I did similar for PS Vita over the past few months: https://github.com/cretz/vitaslop

But instead of single games, I "built" an ARM-to-WASM transpiler in WASM. Also cool transcoding of WebGPU shaders, audio, and more.

Only have tested a few games so far, it's early days, but works quite well in Chrome mobile on flagship Android phones.

▲jgalt212 15 minutes ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Did Sony know ahead of time?

Physical disc production ending in January 2028

https://blog.playstation.com/2026/07/01/physical-disc-produc...

▲Benard-dev 3 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

This is good, I didn't know 3DS could handle PS2 emulation.

What's the performance like on heavier titles?

▲nashtik 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Does this means same can happen for ps3?

▲TheSkyHasEyes 28 minutes ago | parent [-]

I won't be surprised if we see mention of this by the end of 2026.

▲gitowiec 3 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

I will wait for MVG video

▲krystalgamer 5 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

ah yes, another recomp that still emulates a core system component.

https://github.com/snuri00/ps2-web-recomp/blob/1066c9eea78c2...

▲popcar2 4 hours ago | parent | next [-]

It's really getting annoying. There are a lot of people advertising "decompilations" and "native PC ports" that just turn out to be the emulator packaged into an exe that immediately runs the game... Makes it hard to find actual recompilations of games now.

▲rvz 3 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

This is how you know that most coders that use claude never read the code, nor their own READMEs.

▲xyzsparetimexyz 4 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Theres a lot of lying going on with these types of AI projects. What I want to see is more 100% matching decompilation so that people who dont use AI can modify the rendering eyv glue and port them to new platforms

▲wasabinator 3 hours ago | parent [-]

I would say it could be less lying and more the various "authors" having not even the slightest idea what their creations actually do.

▲xyzsparetimexyz 3 hours ago | parent [-]

I don't see a difference tbh. The Human/AI cyborg knows what it is and is lying.

▲ekremabiii01 5 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

its still under development, system components will compile to cpu and VU1 modules will translate to gpu shaders

▲deadxwarrior 4 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

Fair point, the IOP is interpreted. Its the PS1-class I/O CPU, and here it only runs the driver modules a game ships on its disc (sound engine, pad, memory card). The IOP kernel and the 20 core Sony libraries are reimplemented natively. In a God of War2 fight that interpreter is about 2% of cpu time, so it hasnot been worth recompiling yet for me. Its the same relocatable module problem i already handle for SN systems overlays, so its on the list. The EE game code is fully recompiled AOT (a missing function is a hard error, there is no interpreter fallback), and VU1 microprograms are recompiled per game, with a JIT and an interpreter only for programs not seen before. Whats left is hardware; the GS runs on the GPU, plus DMA, VIF, SPU2 and CDVD. Every recomp has to model that part, the same way N64Recomp uses RT64 for the RDP as i checked.

▲CodeCompost 4 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

AI or no AI, this is amazing.

▲simonmales 5 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

No GitHub pages so I can play?

▲svantana 5 hours ago | parent [-]

The games themselves are copyrighted, no?

▲rvz 5 hours ago | parent [-]

Yes they are, and Cloudflare gets DMCA requests to take them down.

▲mglvsky 3 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

are there clean-room games?

▲spwa4 6 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

VERY cool. I wish you could make this work for steam deck (and friends) though.

▲TheCapeGreek 5 hours ago | parent | next [-]

Why would you want this to work on a dedicated gaming device that can emulate the titles outright?

Have a look at Decky loader and Emudeck.

▲corysama 8 minutes ago | parent | next [-]

Power efficiency.

▲captainbland 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

I guess it might be a nice way to distribute homebrew PS2 games in a platform agnostic way

▲spwa4 5 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

Can't get decky loader to work on my (Lenovo) steam deck

▲hodgehog11 5 hours ago | parent | next [-]

You can definitely still get PCSX2 working on it though, and it's fantastic. PS2 and PS3 games are among my favourite uses for handheld PCs.

▲FanaHOVA 4 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

What's a Lenovo Steamdeck?

▲nottorp 3 hours ago | parent [-]

From an ars technica review of the steam deck "friends", a portable device that is way ahead of the actual steam deck, specs wise, but since it runs plain unmodified windows is a pain in the ass to use as a portable :)

▲ntauthority 3 hours ago | parent [-]

https://www.lenovo.com/us/en/p/handheld/legion-go-s/83n6000g...

there's an actual sku of one lenovo handheld that officially runs SteamOS, i assume that's what GP is referring to

▲nottorp 3 hours ago | parent [-]

Ohh that's new. I stand corrected then.

▲deadxwarrior 3 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

There is already a native Linux build (Vulkan through wgpu, SDL2 window, audio and gamepad support), so it can run on the Deck as a non-steam game, and the browser build should work in desktop mode too. Two things are missing, the native host still runs on one thread (the VU1 and GS threads only exist in the web host so far), and since i cant distribute anything built from a game, you currently have to convert your own ISO on a PC. Decks GPU is less than half of the laptop iGPU i test on, so 1x resolution is the realistic target for now.Please keep an eye on the repo update, i'll release the relevant update for u.

▲fonrex 7 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

I hope they'll be able to do that with Forza too !

▲danxbuild 9 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Impressive. How are you handling the PS2’s timing sensitive hardware, like the vector units, in a static recompilation? Curious how close you can get to correct behavior without emulating cycle by cycle.

▲deadxwarrior 3 hours ago | parent [-]

Thanks:) it isn't cycle-accurate, and for the games i have tried so far it hasnt needed to be. EE code is translated AOT, and each block subtracts its instruction count from a cycle budget. Interrupts, timers, DMA and vblank are events on one emulated clock, delivered at block boundaries, so the order is right and the timing is approximate. Most games sync on interrupts and semaphores rather than cycle counts. When one does depend on timing, it shows up as a specific bug i can fix.for example, ran off an HBLANK timer I had set to the PAL period on an NTSC game. VU programs are not really part of the executable; games upload them over DMA. So i record each microprogram the first time its uploaded and compile it aot, and in the browser i JIT any program i havent seen to wasm. The pipeline details games actually observe are modeled: MAC/status/clip flags become visible four instructions late (getting that wrong put blotches on GT4s cars), and PS2 floats, which are nott IEEE (no inf/NaN, clamping instead), are done bit-exact. VU1 runs on its own thread, synced to the EE through the VIF/GIF streams

▲anthk 6 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

On the PSP recomp, I wish they could somehow target GL 2.1 video cards (ancient Intel iGPU's) so legacy users like me could play most of the games on an n270 netbook.

▲fps-hero 5 hours ago | parent | next [-]

Man, the netbooks were amazing for their time, but even by 2008 standards, they were not powerful computers.

At the time you needed a fairly capable gaming PC for PS2 emulation, which is a far cry from the igpu in an atom. Given a PSP is basically a cut down PS2, I don’t think emulation on that calibre hardware is an achievable goal. An atom doesn’t even have a hardware programmable vertex shaders, on windows I don’t even think they had GL 2.1.

I never thought I’d see the day where an atom would be vintage tech, and people would still be rocking said vintage tech. It’s amazing you’ve kept it running and usable. Modern PCs can’t even keep up with modern OS, and you’re still rocking the good old days of single core single thread. Rock on!

▲anthk 2 hours ago | parent | next [-]

'Recompiled' is not the same as emulated by any stretch. Native PSP games could perfectly run under an Atom if they used SSE2 instructions and GL 2.1 plus some hacks to mimick some FX (or just some reduced graphic settings).

I've got GL 2.1 running under n270 perfectly well, up to the point to test Yandex Maps to roam around Prypiat.

Even for emulation PPSSPP was far less demanding than PCSX2.

▲ant6n 4 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

I used to play GTA San Andreas on an n270 netbook, I believe at 1024x600. Didn’t run well, but was definitely playable.

▲mathgeek 4 hours ago | parent [-]

Sounds like the epitome of amazing for its time but not a powerful computer.

▲pjmlp 4 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

I agree with the sentiment, however it needs to be at least OpenGL 3.3, and take advantage of shaders.

▲Narishma 4 hours ago | parent [-]

GL 2.1 supports shaders.

▲pjmlp 4 hours ago | parent [-]

I know, but it still has lots of baggage and missing features, which is why game engines that support OpenGL tend to target OpenGL 3.3 as the minimum baseline, given that it used to be widely deployed.

▲Narishma 4 hours ago | parent [-]

But we're talking about AI generated code here, it shouldn't have any difficulty supporting the older API if it has the necessary features. For PS2 games I think GL 2.1 (or GL ES 2.0 or WebGL 1 which are all more or less the same thing) is largely sufficient.

▲pjmlp 3 hours ago | parent [-]

Yeah, but I am speaking about what the hardware can do, also I don't see why target WebGL 1.0 in the days of WebGPU, WebGL 2.0 yes, because WebGPU isn't yet widely available.

Now, OpenGL ES 2.0 isn't OpenGL 2.0, this is the trap of those that think OpenGL is the same everywhere.

Also OpenGL 3.3 is from 2010, whereas OpenGL 2.1 was designed for 2006 hardware, how back you want to get?

▲Narishma 3 hours ago | parent [-]

> also I don't see why target WebGL 1.0 in the days of WebGPU, WebGL 2.0 yes, because WebGPU isn't yet widely available.

Because not every hardware capable of running PS2 level games supports the newer APIs.

> Also OpenGL 3.3 is from 2010, whereas OpenGL 2.1 was designed for 2006 hardware, how back you want to get?

Doesn't matter how old it is, what matters is if it has the required features or not. For the use case being discussed, GL 2.1 is sufficient so there's no good reason to not target it. That's my philosophy at least. When I write code, I always use the oldest library or API that has the stuff I need. I don't just go automatically for the latest one.

▲m00dy 6 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

I don’t think it’ll happen. The market is too small, and the token costs don’t seem worth the potential upside.

▲Narishma 4 hours ago | parent [-]

What do you mean by token costs? Does it cost more tokens to support an older graphics API than a newer one?

▲dewey 4 hours ago | parent [-]

Yes, because it would not be an "or" but an "and", more features = more tokens.

▲Narishma 3 hours ago | parent [-]

It's not an "and". GL 2.1 has all the features necessary for PS2 games and is still supported on modern systems. Older APIs may be slightly more verbose than newer APIs but that shouldn't matter to an AI.