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Framework's 10G Ethernet module exposes USB-C's complexity(jeffgeerling.com)
130 points by Alupis 6 hours ago | 67 comments
ChuckMcM an hour ago | parent | next [-]

I chuckled at 10G wired ethernet on a laptop. I mean in a docking station? Sure that seems reasonable. But fun none the less.

I appreciate the USB-C nature of the Framework's expansion ports, it does make real the entire reason that USB was created in the first place, hot plug slots. Still, I (and others) pointed out to Intel early on that using Ethernet with a specific packet type would be cheaper and just as fast (which the ATA over Ethernet folks proved), but then you wouldn't get the 'certification tax' that the USB consortium extracts. :-).

Cynicism aside, the design issues suggest that it might make sense in future laptops to have heat spreaders around the plug in port, although that makes things thicker and people obsess over thinness.

Dylan16807 15 minutes ago | parent [-]

> I chuckled at 10G wired ethernet on a laptop. I mean in a docking station? Sure that seems reasonable. But fun none the less.

What difference does a docking station make? Sometimes you want to spend a minute or two setting up your laptop in a more serious way, and that's just as reasonable with or without a docking station.

nrp 27 minutes ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Point of clarification since it isn’t clear from the title. This isn’t a Framework product, but a product by Wisdpi designed for the Framework Expansion Card form factor.

hdgvhicv 13 minutes ago | parent | prev | next [-]

10g copper is notoriously power hungry. That’s why 90%+ of my 10g ports are SFPs.

ggm an hour ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Only getting 95% of the book rated speed? I'm OK, that's still a shitload-and-a-half of speed.

Dylan16807 12 minutes ago | parent [-]

The point was how fussy it was to get that 95% instead of something closer to 75%.

RachelF 5 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Every PCIe 10G ethernet card I've seen has a heatsink on it, sometimes covering the entire card or even have little fans on the heatsink.

Expecting it to work full time in a laptop is a bit of a stretch of the heat dissipation budget.

Also, the laptop he is working has the AMD FP8 chipset - depending on how the ports are setup, he might only get 10G USB, if the ports are allocated to video instead.

timschmidt 4 hours ago | parent | next [-]

New chips from Realtek burn < 2W for the chip and < 3-4W for the board: https://www.servethehome.com/cheap-10gbe-realtek-rtl8127-nic...

numpad0 3 hours ago | parent | next [-]

4W is TDP for some of Pi-style mini computers. Lots of them have fans.

timschmidt 2 hours ago | parent | next [-]

Pi 4 and 5 both idle around 3W. But a Pi 5 can pull up to 16W with a USB peripheral, full CPU load, and decoding 4k video. The Pi 4 / 5 will run OKish without a heatsink at idle wattages, but thermal throttle quickly if you attempt to do something intensive.

These realtek 10gbe chips are more in the range of the Pi Zero class machines (0.5W idle, 2W loaded) which don't often come with heatsinks though they might benefit from them. If it has a good thermal connection to a good thick ground plane on the PCB, that's worth almost as much as a passive heatsink on the top of the chip.

usb-c < card edge < motherboard integrated in terms of how much heat can be transfered through the connection. Where the motherboard would have the largest ground plane to soak up heat from such an IC and dissipate it passively. The usb-c module is worst case by being a small enclosed box with very little thermal connection through the plastic insulating housing. An aluminum enclosure might dissipate enough heat passively to make it pleasant to use.

devmor 2 hours ago | parent [-]

> The Pi 4 / 5 will run OKish without a heatsink at idle wattages, but thermal throttle quickly if you attempt to do something intensive.

Even with a heatsink and fan, I had to upgrade to a higher quality set to keep Jellyfin from thermal throttling a Pi5 while transcoding 4K video.

merpkz 28 minutes ago | parent | prev [-]

Raspberry Pi 4 doesn't need a fan. People just like to put them on because because micromanaging CPU temperature is part of the hobby for some. Yes it might throttle its CPU speed when going full tilt for some time, but lets be real how many workloads require poor Raspberry Pi to be loaded 100% for prolonged periods of time?

rjzzleep 11 minutes ago | parent [-]

If it throttles CPU it means by definition means that a fan helps. Also constant heat increases failure rate.

userbinator 3 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

...and yet they're still covered by a huge heatsink.

mystifyingpoi 3 hours ago | parent | next [-]

To add perspective, an old-school 7805 voltage regulator dissipating just 1 watt is already impossibly hot to hold with bare hand (as me how I know). So 3-4 watts on a small module will make it noticeably hot.

drnick1 2 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

They aren't huge at all, the new RTL cards are tiny. I wish 2-port versions were available for a home server upgrade.

jfb 5 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Yeah, 10Gb ethernet runs hot. I just rewired the house with 10Gb (we have 8Gb FTTP) and it's kind of upsetting how hot my Thunderbolt dock gets.

Gigachad 4 hours ago | parent | next [-]

I looked in to it and it seemed like 10gbit was much better over fiber. Ended up deciding that 2.5gbit is plenty. The 2.5 gear is significantly cheaper and runs cool.

jfb 4 hours ago | parent | next [-]

Yeah, I use DAC for the desktop and fibre between floors. It's just the Mac's desktop that uses RJ45 copper.

drnick1 2 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

> I looked in to it and it seemed like 10gbit was much better over fiber.

Yes, except that most devices use Ethernet. So, at the end of the day, you still need Ethernet cables unless you want to deal with an additional switch or converter in every room.

Gigachad 2 hours ago | parent | next [-]

Indeed, that's largely why I decided 10gbit at home isn't really worth it. The current 10gbit ethernet stuff is expensive and power hungry, the enterprise stuff is hard to use on consumer gear. And the only real use case is super fast access to a nas.

kstrauser 41 minutes ago | parent [-]

I got it solely because our ISP bumped our home fiber to 10Gb and it would’ve hurt my soul for the router to be slower than that. And hey, if you’ve already got a router with 10Gb ports available and ready to go…

eqvinox 2 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

Fiber/10Gbase-*R is Ethernet too. Please say copper/RJ45/base-T when you mean copper/RJ45/base-T.

sekh60 27 minutes ago | parent [-]

Thank you.

DrPhish 2 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

I redid everything that matters in my house/homelab with DAC cables for exactly that reason. Order of magnitude difference in watts and heat

polski-g 3 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

So the entire Framework card's casing should have been copper?

kelnos 5 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

In a way, I kinda don't get the idea of an expansion card for ethernet, rather than just a dongle. Specifically, as in this case, where it sticks out from the side of the chassis.

If I'm on the go, I'll have to take it out of the chassis while it's in my bag so I don't damage it. In that case, it's easier to have a regular USB-C card in that port, and toss a dongle in my bag instead of the expansion card.

If I'm not on the go, I'm at a desk, and I'd still rather plug in a dongle than regularly swap an expansion card.

I'm not saying you'd never want the expansion card, but it feels pretty niche.

RobotToaster 17 minutes ago | parent | next [-]

I don't get it either.

If it had a hinged or expanding[0] ethernet port so it could sit flush with the chassis when not in use it would make a lot more sense.

[0] It's easier to show what I mean https://www.reddit.com/r/TechnologyPorn/comments/hvlxep/orig...

NewJazz 5 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

I'd also add that at a fixed location/desk, having a dock with ethernet is also very normal.

Anyway it is probably just there to demonstrate the possibilities to consumers. What if a lower profile standard for networking gets popularized?

RiverCrochet 5 hours ago | parent | next [-]

they had very flat (on one side) Ethernet pigtails in the PCMCIA days.

mjevans 4 hours ago | parent | next [-]

Those sucked so hard, were extremely finicky to plug in, and I was in constant terror of breaking it. Even the popout jack things were horrific in that respect.

I'm 1000% for wired connections where possible, but for laptops too thin to have one built inside of the frame the best choice is a proper docking station, ideally with a cable that isn't impossible to user replace.

kelnos 3 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

Oh god, bringing back memories I don't want. They were always so fragile.

kps 2 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

ix (IEC 61076-3-124)

getcrunk 5 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

A lot of people use their laptop as a desktop replacement and kinda leave it in one spot or only move it between two spots (home desk/office desk) rather than as an actually portable take anywhere use anywhere situation

Gigachad 5 hours ago | parent | next [-]

In that case I'd rather just have one of those big usb hubs that has every port on it. Rather than an adapter designed that it only works on one laptop. Sure in theory you could plug them in to any but the design of it is such that you'd snap the connector if you plugged it in to a normal port.

While a regular usb-c ethernet adapter has a flexible cable between the laptop and the bulky rigid part.

geerlingguy 4 hours ago | parent [-]

Thunderbolt hubs are rather amazing now; in the past they'd either get super hot and have reliability issues, or had severe bandwidth limitations (especially if using larger displays).

The current crop has been great for my needs — a couple models have 10G Ethernet built in (CalDigit is the one I'm using now), and most now have more than one Thunderbolt port that allows a high speed storage device to be used as well (in addition to a 5K or 4K display or two!).

californical 2 hours ago | parent [-]

My TB5 dock from OWC on a M4 Pro MacBook can run dual 4k 240hz displays, 2.5gb ethernet, and several peripherals no problem. It also provides 100W of power. All over a single cable. So good these days

kstrauser 38 minutes ago | parent [-]

I may have the same one and I love it so much. Plug one USB C-looking cable into my laptop, and two 32” monitors and a host of accessories light up as it starts charging. It’s the greatest docking station ever.

kelnos 3 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

In that case why wouldn't you use a hub/docking station type thing? And again, that configuration still lends itself just fine to a dongle.

alex43578 5 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Isn’t that kind of most things Framework? Sure, a replaceable color bezel is fun, but pretty niche.

SV_BubbleTime 3 hours ago | parent [-]

I fell out of love with frameworks after buying one for myself and a few employees.

The economics/upgrade math just does not make sense.

Gigachad an hour ago | parent [-]

Framework feels like a case of giving HN users what they asked for, but not what they actually needed.

alex43578 30 minutes ago | parent [-]

Like the constant cries for an iPhone Mini, which subsequently sold terribly, because people like good battery life, a generous screen size, and feature-rich cameras. Apple didn’t learn because they went on to do the Air, but whatever.

db48x 5 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

There’s nothing to “get”. The circuit doesn’t fit inside the slot for expansion cards. You could plug in a dongle instead, but then you’d have a big hole in your laptop with a cable sticking out. Or you could just get a wider laptop bag. They make them in multiple sizes, you know.

Jtsummers 4 hours ago | parent | next [-]

> you’d have a big hole in your laptop with a cable sticking out

No, you wouldn't. You'd have one of these instead: https://frame.work/products/usb-c-expansion-card?v=FRACCQ000... (or the one matching a color you prefer and your particular model)

db48x 4 hours ago | parent [-]

Now you’ve got two things plugged into your laptop, instead of one that sticks out by an inch. :)

evilos 3 hours ago | parent [-]

Technically all framework 13 laptops always have four things plugged into it because the ports are modular such that the user can choose which ports they want.

Unless you're crazy and leave the expansion ports unpopulated.

kelnos 3 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

Er, no, then you'd use the regular USB-C expansion card and plug the dongle into that, and then the port becomes generally useful.

A wider bag doesn't solve it. The part that sticks out could still easily snag on something. I wouldn't want to take that risk, and I doubt many people would.

I feel like you're arguing just to argue...

purpleidea 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Having it stick out like that is such a stupid design. Almost as dumb as all the 2FA dongles. The USB-A ones that you could leave in actually made the most sense. Yes I know.

petterroea 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Frankly, considering this is a laptop, I wish they spent more effort on delivering a flush 1gbe module rather than a 10gbe module. It has become an elephant in the room every time someone asks about my framework laptop. It... sticks out like a sore thumb, per say.

MostlyStable 21 minutes ago | parent [-]

As others have commented, this is not a Framework product. That's part of the beauty: they open source there designs, allowing for third parties to easily make things like this (and much more beside). I believe at some point someone in the community was trying to design one of those slim ethernet ports that expands open when you need it (the jack doesn't really fit). Apparently some of the mechanisms for doing so are still proprietary though.

-edit- here it is: https://community.frame.work/t/low-profile-ethernet-expansio...

dmitrygr an hour ago | parent | prev | next [-]

The article never does resolve WHY it was slow in linux :(

jeroenhd an hour ago | parent [-]

The video mentions that drivers were needed to get the full speed on Windows, and that the Realtek Linux drivers didn't compile on a modern kernel. So it's probably software.

Realtek makes some pretty affordable networking chips but their Linux drivers can be a real gamble. Either it works out of the box or you're in for years of messing around.

naturalmovement an hour ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Only Framework could reincarnate godawful PCMCIA cards as proprietary USB-C dongles and be praised for it. Insanity. Maybe next they can bring back the XJACK.

No one wants to address the elephant in the room: it's a crap design for proprietary modules. Sure the design is open, can you use them anywhere else? Nope.

You're paying a premium for USB-C dongles that can't be used on any other brand of laptop. Apple is probably upset they didn't think of it first.

gobelet an hour ago | parent | next [-]

Of course you can use the modules on any other brand of laptop. It's not going to look pretty doing it, but I've routinely used the USB-C to USB-A, as well as the mini SSD, on a MacBook Pro.

Colleagues borrow them all the time when they need a SD card or MicroSD card reader. Is it as pretty as a dedicated reader for those cards? No, but it does the job.

Saying they're proprietary is misleading a bit. The form factor makes it awkward to use elsewhere but they work just fine anywhere you plug them into.

naturalmovement an hour ago | parent [-]

It is not mechanically fit for purpose.

You can likewise put 26" rims on a Ford Fiesta but it will look and function equally poorly.

Patryk27 an hour ago | parent | prev [-]

I don’t follow - how are modules based on USB-C proprietary?

My Framework ethernet dongle works perfectly fine with a Mac that I use for work, for instance.

naturalmovement an hour ago | parent [-]

I knew someone would ask this.

It is mechanically disagreeable.

The weight/shape of the module will break the USB-C port in short order because it is solely supported by the connector.

For instance, by bumping the spatula hanging off your Mac.

For that matter, USB-C are crap connectors, I don't care how many graphs and BS data you show me stating they're the most reliable connector ever. I do not believe it.

They're the only types of connectors I've seen damaged repeatedly, and the only one with which I've personally experienced damage, and I've been using laptops since before many of you were born.

Patryk27 an hour ago | parent [-]

So you’re saying the modules have a suboptimal design for non-Framework laptops.

Sure. But this does not make them proprietary, they work fine with non-Framework laptops as well.

naturalmovement 41 minutes ago | parent [-]

I'm not getting into a well ackshually argument over this.

Can you slide them into a just-sized mechanical receptacle on a MacBook? On a Dell, HP, etc.

No.

jeffbee 3 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

I think most people do not have 10g UTP infrastructure they want to exploit, but many people do have 2 computers they'd like to connect together at high speed, and these people are far better served by just connecting those computers' Thunderbolt ports together. With nothing other than an admittedly pricey cable, you get 10, 20, or 40gbps links depending on the endpoints. That's the "something faster" that will work well for most people.

drnick1 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Does a laptop really need more than 1Gbps or whatever you can get through WiFi? It's an edge device not a router.

koalalorenzo 2 hours ago | parent | next [-]

Well, it's Framework we are talking about. My plan is to buy it because at some point of its lifecycle my Framework 12 motherboard will be used as a new node in my Homelab. :)

stephbook 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Obviously not. I've got a $300 WQHD monitor that has 1GB/s over USB-C with power delivery. MacBooks have 2GB/s WiFi.

For the niche enthusiast, that dongle is fine.

geocar 2 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

Yours is an “edge device” but I am root, so mine is a portable tool for managing and testing the network that does not have working WiFi access points attached to it or obviously I would not be there.

And yes, some of those links are above 1gbps so that the users can have individual 1gbps links.

mxfh an hour ago | parent | prev [-]

More amazed by the complexity in bundling offers, of decking out your Framework device with 6 flush USB-C port extension ports sets you back 60 bucks already.

That's like a weird hidden tax.

In a network world where 1GB Ethernet randomly can handshake at 100Mbit still, getting reliably more than 3/4 of the advertised Bandwith from the Adapter seems quite harmless.

https://frame.work/marketplace/expansion-cards?search=USB-C

No they dont come free in the base config either, you have to pay a minimum of 10 for every slush port.

gobelet an hour ago | parent [-]

I like the modularity, but I'd feel better if it came with the "blanks" that just extends the inside USB-C port towards the outside.

I feel like things would not look like nickel-and-diming if those blanks came with the laptop, and they just priced them in the final price. Or even better, offered the option to "upgrade" one or several of those to whatever you need.