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pyrophane a day ago

> Clean Air Act (CAA) Acid Rain Program (ARP) does not apply to power generation facilities that are not connected to a public electricity grid, commonly referred to as “islanded” power generation facilities.

This of course makes no sense whatever, as whether or not a power generator is connected to the grid has nothing to do with its environmental impact.

sensanaty a day ago | parent | next [-]

It literally is just a cartoon villain plan. The AI companies look at something called the "Acid Rain Program" and think to themselves "Fuck that, what's a bit of acid rain going to do?". I truly cannot comprehend the mindset here as hard as I try

btbuildem a day ago | parent | next [-]

> truly cannot comprehend the mindset

The mindset is "if I could harvest your organs for profit I absolutely would, and I would make it illegal to protest against it"

tclancy a day ago | parent [-]

That’s completely unfair. They would also rent the organs back to us on a subscription plan.

orbifold a day ago | parent | next [-]

Step 1: steal all of the worlds IP and make a judge rule it is fair use

Step 2: declare end of the Anthropocene (defined by man made influence on earth), while simultaneously accelerating mass extinction

Step 3: ???

Step 4: Profit?

teeray a day ago | parent | next [-]

You forgot the part where they finance this all with a never-ending pile of circular IOUs.

underlipton a day ago | parent | prev [-]

They definitely use three exclamation points instead of that last question mark.

Ekaros a day ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Do not forget loans with APR starting at 24%. Recourse of course. With the collateral taken back if payments fail.

0x457 a day ago | parent [-]

I recommend wathching "Repo! The Genetic Opera" on this subject.

a day ago | parent [-]
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a day ago | parent | prev [-]
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Avicebron a day ago | parent | prev | next [-]

I think you nailed the mindset with the "cartoon villain".

lvspiff a day ago | parent [-]

Less Snydley Whiplash and more the pig guy from captain planet though

sterlind a day ago | parent | next [-]

Hoggish Greedly if memory serves. Regardless of one's politics Captain Planet is so campy it's fun to watch MST3K-style. Remember Linka from the Soviet Union? "Imperialist pigs!"

Schlagbohrer a day ago | parent | prev [-]

Both of whom could happily sit together on a corporate board. It's just capitalism!

rayiner a day ago | parent | prev | next [-]

When it comes to laws, do you just look at the title of the law, or do you look at the actual statute and regulations to see what the law applies to and what it doesn’t? Does a “vehicle inspection program” meant for commercial trucks apply to your car just because the title fits?

In this case, there is a 25 year old regulation that specifies what this program applies to and what it doesn’t. https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-40/chapter-I/subchapter-C...

solid_fuel a day ago | parent [-]

Blah blah blah. Yap yap yap. It’s funny how the laws always apply until it’s a rich fucker breaking them.

You might be fine with skirting the technicalities, but the rest of us have to live here and breathe the air.

rayiner a day ago | parent [-]

These aren’t “technicalities.” What types of activities the laws apply to is a central aspect of every regulatory regime.

solid_fuel 21 hours ago | parent [-]

They are technicalities, because the intent of the law is clean air. A carve out for temporary generators is clearly not intended to allow megawatts of permanent generation to operate outside of the regulatory umbrella and abuse of it is allowing the rich to skate by on a technicality.

rayiner 9 hours ago | parent [-]

> They are technicalities, because the intent of the law is clean air.

That’s not how laws work, especially the Clean Air Act. “There are no solutions. There are only tradeoffs.” (https://ozgengungor.medium.com/one-of-those-quotes-thomas-so...).

The Clean Air Act was not designed to achieve cleaner air at any cost, but instead to achieve targeted pollution control that would have the greatest value at acceptable cost. The modern structure of the act was set in place in 1970 under Nixon, and is full of legislative compromises to balance incremental benefits to air quality against burden on industry.

solid_fuel 3 hours ago | parent [-]

> The Clean Air Act was not designed to achieve cleaner air at any cost

You will notice we are not talking "at any cost". We are talking about a very specific cost to AI hyperscalers.

> full of legislative compromises to balance incremental benefits to air quality against burden on industry.

These technicalities are being exploited for the benefit of approximately 10 people, and to the detriment of everyone else.

Your talking points are old and exhausted.

hn_throwaway_99 a day ago | parent | prev | next [-]

"Cartoon villainy" is the best possible way to describe this administration. I'm more than willing to accept lots of policy differences, but so many decisions just seem tailor made to fuck over 95%+ of the public. Like how could any sane person defend this?

It remains to be seen if the administration doesn't successfully steal future elections, but the vitriol against data centers is a rare thing that has huge bipartisan support. Texas of all places largely has a competitive governor's race because Republicans have stated they're willing to vote for the Democratic candidate because she has supported a moratorium on data centers while Abbott supports them.

consensus1 a day ago | parent | prev [-]

The AI companies look at something called the "endless government bureaucracy" and they think to themselves "fuck that, I'm not waiting 10 years for all that bullshit, I'll just use the loophole." I truly cannot comprehend any other reaction because I would rather have my fingernails ripped out than deal with years of government bureaucracy.

Schlagbohrer a day ago | parent | next [-]

Government beauracracy, which provides things like democratic oversight, environmental protection, enforcing power grid standards and interoperability, construction regulations, etc? Would you rather we just didn't have those things?

rangestransform a day ago | parent | next [-]

It should be mind numbingly trivial to stand up a solar farm and ram through some transmission lines in the desert, and mind numbingly hard to set up a temporary gas generator. We needed regulatory exemptions yesterday for clean energy, public transit, and EV charging.

TitaRusell a day ago | parent [-]

Oh it would be if AI actually made money. Turns out all those companies cheap out and don't actually want to put down the 20 billion for a nuclear reactor- which should be trivial if they were really the future!

20 hours ago | parent | next [-]
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SR2Z a day ago | parent | prev [-]

They have billions of dollars, they're short on TIME.

They want computers in racks now and (rightfully imo) look at yearslong approval processes with disgust. Look at Ashburn, VA - they extract loads of money from these companies, and they keep getting investments because constructing new datacenters is easy thanks to state laws.

It's not about the money here it's about the time.

bigbadfeline a day ago | parent [-]

> They want computers in racks now and (rightfully imo) look at yearslong approval processes with disgust.

Disgust of the rules for me but not for thee? The rest of us have to follow the rules, but not them.

How about disgust for actual pollution? They could build clean, quiet and fast if "> It's not about the money it's about the time"

It doesn't add up, like at all.

consensus1 9 hours ago | parent [-]

They don't care if you have to follow the rules either. Why don't you get mad about the fact that you are forced to obey all these idiotic rules instead of somebody else finding a way around them.

consensus1 a day ago | parent | prev | next [-]

All of them are good except for democratic oversight. Those other things are beneficial and cheap and easy to comply with. It's the democratic oversight of what gets built and where that is nothing more than a giveaway to worthless bureaucrats, lawyers, activists, and NIMBYs.

tavavex a day ago | parent [-]

The alternative to democracy is wealthy guys who can buy their way into anything being done forcing their will upon the "worthless" rest of the populace, as you called them. If only billionaires weren't held up by the monsters that are activists protesting their activities and lawyers acting as a check on their legal power.

Let's be clear, democracy isn't perfect and it usually isn't fast. But to date, it's the only system that has any hope of keeping the most powerful in check. Rejecting democracy is begging for someone who doesn't care about you to tell you what's right and wrong.

consensus1 a day ago | parent [-]

I get that anyway. It's just that in democracy it's a mob of millions of idiots who don't care about me. I guess I'd rather have it be the billionaires because at least they want to build things and advance our infrastructure and technology.

malfist a day ago | parent | prev [-]

You're not thinking like a techbro. My startup shouldn't have to adhere to those regulations, but everyone else should. In fact, once my startup gets established we should make even more regulations

inamorty a day ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Do you get upset when staff have to wash their hands at your local eatery?

discreteevent a day ago | parent | prev | next [-]

> I would rather have my fingernails ripped out than deal with years of government bureaucracy.

These are just words. What matters are your actions. Your action is that you will cause other people to suffer pollution in order to enrich yourself. Why can't you stand up like a man and just say that that is what you want to do?

And if you say "I am doing this to benefit humanity who need even more AI so badly" - Well those are also just words.

consensus1 a day ago | parent [-]

Who is causing what here? If there is no demand for those services then the data center will sit there idle and cause no pollution. You can't consume services that cause pollution without accepting your share of the responsibility.

Jweb_Guru a day ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Employees at the companies that do this stuff know exactly what these regulations are for and are violating them quite deliberately. They don't actually think it's "government bureaucracy" whatever they tell the public.

root_axis a day ago | parent | prev | next [-]

What you label "government bureaucracy" is very often environmental protections working as intended.

One AI company's "bullshit" is another citizen's "clean air and water". Since the AI companies don't care about those negative externalities, the government can act help to mitigate the damage.

Muromec a day ago | parent | prev | next [-]

I would rather take /them/ going through fingernail ripping government bureaucracy for 10 years over /me/ having acid raid, but hey, I'm just a egoistical and don't see the Big Picture or something.

ahartmetz a day ago | parent [-]

>Big picture

Well, if you juuust let the rich get richer, something (intentionally left unspecified) will trickle down on you.

malvim a day ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Yeah, username checks out

folkrav a day ago | parent | prev [-]

Why am I still surprised to see such braindead takes on this site

bob1029 a day ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Most generators not connected to the grid are for emergency backup purposes. Granted, this carve out is now clearly being abused, but the original intent is quite rational.

If we enforced strict regulations on all generators without any exceptions at all, your sewage lift station might not have a backup source anymore.

jandrewrogers a day ago | parent | next [-]

It isn't just emergency generators.

Many non-emergency generators are used because there is no grid to connect to and/or the power requirements are not anticipated to be permanent. The cost of a grid connection can greatly exceed anything justified by the use case.

There are entire industries that live off of large portable generators for non-emergency purposes because it is the only way to get power where you need it.

jaapz a day ago | parent | prev | next [-]

If that is the original intent, why did that not get added into the law? Explicitly specififying that the exception only applies to emergency backup situations would have solved this, right?

bob1029 a day ago | parent | next [-]

"Emergency" is a spectrum.

Would you be OK with one specific generation station temporarily emitting 3x more than legal limit (e.g., from the hours of 2pm to 6pm) if the alternative is a 5% increase in absolute probability of a multi-day regional blackout? What about a 10% increase? Where is your red line?

m463 a day ago | parent | next [-]

Isn't the US in a perpetual state of emergency?

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_national_emergencies_i...

a day ago | parent | prev [-]
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Ekaros a day ago | parent | prev | next [-]

My reasonable guess is that they did not want to make those case that need off-grid generation too hard to build. And never considered that anyone would build any actually significant amount of off-grid capacity. At certain threshold grid just makes economic sense. So rational actors would never do that.

Sadly AI companies are entirely irrational actors so this really was rather hard to foresee...

Sanzig a day ago | parent [-]

Yep. The loophole is not hard to close, they could restrict the exemption to standby generators which only operate (1) in the event of a grid outage, and (2) for testing purposes.

For a genuine off-grid use case (eg: very rural locations), they could add a new exemption which allows installations up to X kW capacity per site where local grid connections do not exist. Set X large enough that it won't negatively impact applications like cabins or nature retreats, but small enough that it's not useful to a large operator like a datacentre.

Of course, this all requires a functional Congress... so good luck.

bpodgursky a day ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Because congress passed the law in 1970 and did not expect we'd lose the ability to pass legislation that fixes minor problems with the original laws.

Since congress can't do that anymore, to maintain a functional civilization we have to turn minor loopholes in the original law into load-bearing aspects of an industrial society.

Muromec a day ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Clearly codifying intent in a string of bytes is hard, especially if an alternative makes a nice sound folding into a pocket.

Marazan a day ago | parent | prev [-]

The law is not a set of hard coded rules. It is an agreement between humans, tied up in unspoken conventions. The principle one being, don't be a dick. The law always breaks down when it is treated as a hard and fast set of instructions that can be "hacked" by slavish adherence to precise language.

testing22321 a day ago | parent | prev | next [-]

> If we enforced strict regulations on all generators without any exceptions at all, your sewage lift station might not have a backup source anymore.

No need for the FUD.

It would just mean the backup generator connected to the sewage lift station must meet emissions regulations, like in every developed country on earth.

If you’re trying to say there are simply some generators that can’t meet emissions standards, I’m going to say you just aren’t trying.

bryanlarsen a day ago | parent [-]

Yes, that's what we're saying. A small generator cannot meet the emissions standards of a large generator.

bob1029 a day ago | parent | next [-]

Some of the most effective emissions control equipment scales down very poorly. The bigger you can make the plant, the more viable these technologies become.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wet_scrubber

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selective_catalytic_reduction

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_emissions_monitorin...

(et. al.)

testing22321 a day ago | parent | prev [-]

You’re just not trying.

There’s no reason at all that “generator” can’t be batteries rated for x hours, or a small generator that IS emissions certified.

I.e. https://www.reddit.com/r/Generator/comments/1hydy6j/recommen...

bryanlarsen a day ago | parent [-]

that's a very different standard.

_DeadFred_ 21 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

And now we will have to add more bureaucracy and regulations to the process because of the tech bro's abuses of reasonable carveouts. More bureaucracy that future tech bros/right wingers will complain about existing even though they chose to force the matter to the point of regulation.

voxic11 a day ago | parent | prev | next [-]

I think its so that like people don't need to do an EPA assessment for their home backup generator right? They are very common where I live due to the instability of the power grid.

manwe150 a day ago | parent | prev | next [-]

It seems pretty much how law (specifically common law) has always worked though. If Congress thinks the law should apply to them, then Congress's job is to write a law that applies to them. The president and judicial branches are not supposed to make new laws, but rather to enforce the laws as written.

My reading of the EPA's statement here is they also wanted to mildly warn the companies that if they ever in the future want to contemplate connecting to the grid (eg. to bring down costs), they should be aware that bypassing compliance now could have expensive consequences for them later. Of course, Congress (local or federal) could also change the law in the much shorter term, so there's risk to them either way if they design without any forward thought for how to comply. On the other hand, if this inquiry to the EPA was merely requesting clarity on whether they are exempt from the reporting paperwork, but are using otherwise standard and compliant designs, then maybe the law is already working generally as intended.

miltonlost a day ago | parent [-]

Giving the benefit of the doubt to this President and his EPA that they are simply enforcing the laws as intended is foolish, irrational, and against all known evidence and their own words and policies and actions.

pfdietz a day ago | parent | prev | next [-]

The effects of this will be reduced by the realization that these regulations can be changed in the future. No one will make a large capital investment if it could be shut down in a few years.

autoexec a day ago | parent | next [-]

> No one will make a large capital investment if it could be shut down in a few years.

They will if they think they can bribe government to give them exemptions to the new rules or they think they can cash out and leave someone else holding the bag before that happens.

voakbasda a day ago | parent | prev [-]

Most regulations provide a grandfather clause that exempt existing players in the game.

pfdietz a day ago | parent [-]

There is no need in law for that. And if previous regulations were enacted in bad faith, it suck to be you if you depended on them.

jandrewrogers a day ago | parent | prev | next [-]

This program targets acid rain. It only applies to coal and diesel. No one is building off-grid coal power plants.

Diesel generators are the standard for power generation where a grid connection is not readily available and/or the power needs are temporary (e.g. emergency backups). Cheap, easy logistics, and durable. This use case has always been allowed in practice because there is no practical alternative. Many industries rely on diesel generators for reliable site power.

It doesn't apply to natural gas power plants such as those used in data center builds at all because they don't produce this type of pollution.

I fail to see the big deal. This guidance appears to clarify the language so that it matches actual practice and intent.

convolvatron a day ago | parent [-]

burning methane does produce NO and NO2 (the N2 being oxidized at temperature). that does come down with precipitation and collect in bodies of water. over time as evaporation removes the water and its replenished with acidic rain, the concentration increases arbitrarily high.

idk how much NOx a GW or two of low efficiency (20%) gas turbine units produces, how wide that plume might be, and what the envionmental impact might be. but if we employed a few people that practice doing this kind of I'm sure they could tell us with high confidence.

rayiner a day ago | parent | prev | next [-]

CAA regulations are all based on cost-benefit analysis and also seek to exclude sources that are basically too small to be worth regulating. In this case, the governing regulations have a complex set of criteria before the permitting requirements apply: https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-40/chapter-I/subchapter-C...

These criteria were last amended in 2001, so the EPA is just applying a 25 year old regulation here.

Ekaros a day ago | parent | prev | next [-]

It does make some sense. There are some semi-reasonable scenarios where not that much power is needed and you use electricity.

Still they make no sense with data centres and there should be reasonably sensible name plate capacity on it.

inigyou a day ago | parent | prev | next [-]

But it does have to do with whether it's interstate commerce!

hammock a day ago | parent | prev | next [-]

It makes sense when you consider that the CAA is legal under the interstate commerce clause.

We have state regulations that could solve this if they wanted to.

chinathrow a day ago | parent | prev | next [-]

At this point, they can just disband the EPA, what a bunch of crooks.

_DeadFred_ 21 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

There is no law

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IM4H6Ix1Lt4

insane_dreamer a day ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Ah, so only power generation facilities connected to the grid can pollute? fascinating.

charcircuit a day ago | parent | prev | next [-]

You are being confused by the names. A general name doesn't mean it is a general law that applies to everyone.

joshstrange a day ago | parent | prev | next [-]

No, no, no you don't understand it's beyond the environment, it's not in an environment, it's been towed beyond the environment.

techpression a day ago | parent | prev [-]

Pretty insane, expect data center to be data center + coal power plant soon, why bother with generators or the pesky local grid.

adamgordonbell a day ago | parent | next [-]

Somebody mentioned that a solar panel field to power a data center requires a lot of impact assessment paper work and approvals.

Whereas natural gas generators do not.

Hence the runs on gas turbines, while solar panels are plentiful. ( Although I'd guess the consistency of power is a bigger issue. )

Running existing coal is now supposedly more expensive then putting in new wind or solar ... all else being equal.

jaapz a day ago | parent | next [-]

That might be a reason, but probably more relevant is the fact that when you want solar to provide all power for a data center, you need a lot of buffering capacity (batteries). And then you also need a back up for when the sun doesn't shine... Which is probably a gas generator.

Easier to just install a gas generator then

inigyou a day ago | parent | next [-]

AI training, not inference, seems like it would actually be a good application for a solar powered DC because you could just checkpoint and pause when it gets cloudy. It might end up worth it for the free electricity.

rogerrogerr a day ago | parent | next [-]

If you think you are building God, and every second counts, interruptions cost you way more than measly electricity.

Kubuxu a day ago | parent | prev [-]

It doesn’t make sense to do that, hardware deprecates in 5years (it used to be 3) and is currently very expensive. So by using this approach you double the average cost of hardware per unit of compute completed.

If there wasn’t such a hardware squeeze and electricity was a higher percentage of the cost, yes, it would have made sense.

rangestransform a day ago | parent | prev [-]

If we didn’t have stupid regulatory bullshit and protectionism, it would be cheaper to run a data center on solar and batteries in bumfuck Nevada

techpression a day ago | parent | prev [-]

They should definitely use wind power, since you could use the fans to cool the computers at the same time!

I for one would love a nice HTTP status in the form of "due to the weather being nice and calm outside, AI services are down, go outside and enjoy the day"

Muromec a day ago | parent [-]

Imposing rules like that is what we are supposed to use religion for.

cucumber3732842 a day ago | parent | prev | next [-]

If coal doesn't pencil out economically for the grid it still likely won't pencil out economically for data centers even if you remove some of the compliance stuff.

techpression a day ago | parent [-]

Fair enough, I don't know if it matters short term for massive buildouts, but I'm sure whatever comes out of this is not a benefit for anyone except the owners.

andsoitis a day ago | parent | prev | next [-]

> expect data center to be data center + coal power plant soon

Why do you think that’s likely?

inigyou a day ago | parent [-]

Because coal is the cheapest source of electricity that isn't banned in the USA.

tialaramex a day ago | parent [-]

Are you looking at a textbook from the 1990s or something? I'm sure that was true at some point, but it hasn't been true for a long time.

toast0 a day ago | parent [-]

It seems likely to happen again. Many US utility coal fired power plants are scheduled for retirement and will not be replaced with new coal facilities. [1]

China is building lots of new coal generation, but also lots of new solar so coal use will be reduced during daylight (not the way a coal plant wants to run, but they'll adapt)

Give it a few more years and data centers with onsite coal will look like a genius cost cutting idea. Never mind all the pollution.

[1] https://ieefa.org/resources/nowhere-go-down-us-coal-capacity...

tialaramex a day ago | parent | next [-]

> Give it a few more years and data centers with onsite coal will look like a genius cost cutting idea. Never mind all the pollution.

The numbers keep getting worse. Building "onsite coal" is more expensive than solar and storage, but now it needs more expensive fuel and you need to dispose of the toxic coal ash which won't be free either.

abenga a day ago | parent | prev [-]

The hope is in a few more years, we'll not have a cult hell bent on accelerating the apocalypse in charge of the largest economy in the world, or are you guys planning something different?

llm_nerd a day ago | parent | prev [-]

A number of data centres have been proposed in Alberta, including a giant Meta one. Alberta has a derelict, obsolete power grid that can't even serve the current population, so you might wonder how that is possible.

They're coupling them with dedicated natural gas power plants. Meta finally stopped the green charade and simply dropped out of RE100, as they're all just going full speed ahead on destroying the planet.