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Aurornis 3 days ago

> Could lead to significant efficiency gains for EV's, because 1/4 of the motor weight means better power-to-weight ratio... a lot of things will automatically get better.

EV motors are already lightweight. The electric motor in a vehicle like a Tesla Model 3 already weighs less than you do. Reducing that one component by 75% would be a weight savings equivalent to about a half of a passenger.

Not a significant efficiency improvement for vehicles that weigh over 3000lbs (or double that for many EVs).

Every little bit helps, but this isn’t a game changer.

Empact 3 days ago | parent | next [-]

This, or a miniaturized version thereof could change the game for light electric vehicles - imagine an electric motorcycle that weighs substantially more like an electric bicycle.

Right now it takes about 10-15lbs of motor to produce a 3KW motor for an electric bike, this motor is about 10 times that in power density afaict.

The Livewire electric motorcycles use something like 100-200 lbs of motor to produce 1/4 as much power, 75kw, so that’s an improvement of 8-16x.

mywittyname 3 days ago | parent | next [-]

Does this motor design scale down? It's not clear from the article - the article focuses more on the relative efficiency gains over the previous model.

A 30lb 1000hp motor doesn't necessarily mean that they can also produce a 3lb, 100hp motor. It would be cool if it did, but I doubt that it does because usually component strength doesn't scale linearly.

That being said, these are still valuable for traditional EVs. Even if they are only a modest weight savings in the grand scheme of modern vehicle weight, their ability to improve packaging options will be a boon. One thing the industry has dicovered is that the generic "skateboard" platform doesn't make for the best vehicles, in terms of packaging.

NathanKP 3 days ago | parent [-]

I'm more fascinated by the question of whether it scales up... imagine much smaller and more efficient electric engines for cruise liners and cargo ships.

RogerL 3 days ago | parent | next [-]

The article and the press release it was derived from says nothing about "more efficient", just smaller.

https://yasa.com/news/yasa-smashes-own-unofficial-power-dens...

jacquesm 3 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

On a cargo ship the last thing you worry about is weight. To the point that they add ballast.

ApolloFortyNine 3 days ago | parent | prev [-]

Your average cruiseship already has an electric engine, they just have massive generators onboard to power it.

lazide 2 days ago | parent [-]

Notably, it’s probably also not very efficient, and eventually they’ll likely upgrade with some of the improvements from these types of motors to save on fuel.

kube-system 3 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Electric pedal bikes are already at the limit of what their chassis’s support even with small motors.

10kw+ is comparable to starter gasoline motorcycles in the US (or midsize motorcycles elsewhere) capable of going on the highway. At that point, you need to start scaling everything, like brakes, tires, and the size of the chassis.

The livewire has a motor large enough to drive a car.

loeg 3 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

The problem for electric motorcycles is the battery weight.

bigiain 3 days ago | parent | next [-]

That can be offset by not requiring the same sort of range that's typically assumed to be required.

While I'll be likely be riding my ICE bikes for decades because one of the things I do on them is trips with 1000 or 1500km days, truth is the vast majority of my riding is sub 25km round trips from my place. Most of my friends places, a lot of the places I shop or socialise, and the office (which I pretty much never go to any more) fit inside that range. And most of those trips take place on roads with a 60kmh or slower speed limit. _Maybe_ a few short sections of 80kmh.

For all of those short trips, I probably don't even need 2kWHr worth of battery, maybe only 1. The electric motorcycles available around here seem to start at 7 or 8kWHr, and go up to over 20.

The downside to that is the smaller the battery capacity, the smaller the short term peak power it can deliver. The sort of cell chemistry and construction typical in those sort of bikes seem to be limited to 10 or 15C peak discharge, so while their 8kWHr battery can peak at 80kW or just over 100hp, if they downsized the same pack to 1kWHr it'd probably only deliver 10kW peak power.

On the other had, alternative cell chemistry and construction can look way better. I have a few LiPo drone battery packs rated at 60C continuous and 120C peak. A 2kWHr pack of those would give me 120kW continuous and 240kW peaks. Quite likely though at the expense of much greater risks of catastrophic fire. I've had a few of those pack catch fire while charging and one that self combusted in an almost explosion like fashion when I slammed the drone into a concrete pole at about 120kmh. I can totally see why an electric motorcycle manufacturer with warranties and safety reputation and legal/regulatory obligations wouldn't want to accept that risk.

I'd love an electric motorcycle that's "fun" enough to ride, and gets 25km or so reliable range. But it'd need to be at least a bit price and "fun" competitive with my little bikes, a 117kg 125cc ~25kW two stroke and a 138kg 250cc 24kW fourstroke. I have no doubt it'd be possible, perhaps even easy to build an electric bike with the same "fun" power to weight ratio, but right now not down to the sort of price that'd make me take on a project like that.

kube-system 2 days ago | parent | next [-]

25km range is department-store electric scooter territory. A motorcycle that can do highway speeds could expend that entire range in 15 minutes or less, which would be quite a high discharge rate and also an unusual user experience for most.

Maybe what you want is a large electric bike like a Surron or similar?

DANmode a day ago | parent [-]

Also came to recommend Surron and alternatives.

loeg 2 days ago | parent | prev [-]

> That can be offset by not requiring the same sort of range that's typically assumed to be required.

It really can't be offset by that (with current tech). All existing electric motorcycles are both overweight and very limited on range.

jacquesm 3 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Indeed, more so because that weight tends to be further off the ground than in a car.

loeg 3 days ago | parent [-]

Well, and the fun ones are power-to-weight monsters. Making them 100 lb heavier (and neutering range) is a recipe for a less exciting motorcycle. Might work for something like a Gold Wing (though limited range would also be a problem there).

DANmode 2 days ago | parent | prev [-]

Ten years ago it was a problem.

Good, even some great, stuff out there, today.

loeg 2 days ago | parent [-]

It's still a problem today, 2025. I think the LiveWire S2 models come closest, but they still have anemic range. (And we're ignoring cost, which is also much higher.)

DANmode 2 days ago | parent [-]

Problem implies “it’s not happening”.

Cost is a challenge.

These things go 175 miles, up to 450+ miles if you have money.

loeg 2 days ago | parent [-]

I mean, sales are largely "not happening." Livewire sells ~600 bikes a year. Buyers have the same objections I do.

> These things go 175 miles, up to 450+ miles if you have money.

Only the heaviest models, ridden extremely conservatively.

DANmode a day ago | parent [-]

> Buyers have the same objections I do.

Buyers don’t know they exist, if they’ll struggle to register them, or how to work on them!

The heaviest ones seem like the same weight as a 600cc or 1000cc crotch rocket - am I missing something big?

loeg a day ago | parent [-]

Buyers are aware they exist and registration isn't a problem. Ability to repair is another big problem / question mark.

> The heaviest ones seem like the same weight as a 600cc or 1000cc crotch rocket - am I missing something big?

Livewire One is 560 lb! Energica Ego was 570! 600s and liter bikes aren't anywhere close to that -- low 400s lb for 600s, and 430-440 lb for a liter bike.

soperj 3 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

> This, or a miniaturized version thereof could change the game for light electric vehicles - imagine an electric motorcycle that weighs substantially more like an electric bicycle.

Sounds terrible for every other user of paths currently.

mperham 3 days ago | parent | prev [-]

There’s no area in the world that allows e-bikes with more than 750w motors. A 3kw motor is illegal (cf Surron), unless you are talking about an e-moped requiring registration.

SR2Z 3 days ago | parent | next [-]

They are not allowed, but still commonly owned and used.

The law needs to catch up. There are clearly good reasons for people to want extremely powerful e-bikes and they should be allowed to. They can't be treated like bicycles because they're too fast but aren't nearly as dangerous as motorcycles. We need a new category for light motorcycles.

The real problem, IMO, is that the law is generally not deferential enough to cyclists and already forces them off sidewalks, onto the street, and to follow traffic laws designed for cars. There's not much else to take away, and the rules right now are unreasonable enough that cyclists always break them.

I think what I would like to see are explicit requirements for insurance and licensing for powerful e-bikes, but made significantly cheaper so that people will actually bother. Requiring helmets for the insurance would also make it much more straightforward. We can require them to take the street or a dedicated bike lane and fully mandate that they have to be walked on sidewalks.

bootlooped 3 days ago | parent | next [-]

> The law needs to catch up. There are clearly good reasons for people to want extremely powerful e-bikes and they should be allowed to.

I'm not so sure about that.

I don't want a 6000kw Sur Ron riding in the bike lane with me. The whole point of the bike lane was to make a safe space for riding a bicycle. I want the bike lanes to be safe enough for children to ride their bikes in, and having something that powerful in it is not conducive to that goal. They are by and large too fast and too unlike a bicycle for bike lanes. Having things that powerful there is going to dissuade a lot of potential (non electric) cyclists. My girlfriend already gets too freaked out by how fast some of the legal e-bikes in the bike lane go.

Certainly they shouldn't be on the sidewalk. But what does that leave? Just the road. If that's the case they probably need to just adhere to whatever standards the state has for scooters or mopeds. Which probably means some kind of license, maybe registration, and possibly insurance.

But that type of e-bike manufacturer doesn't want to make a light electric scooter that's road legal, they want to make a thing that skirts regulations by being "for off road use only".

And the buyers by and large don't want to deal with license and registration, and certainly not insurance.

Just because people are doing an illegal thing a lot doesn't mean that the law needs to find a way to make it legal.

icedrift 3 days ago | parent | next [-]

I think what they mean is these e-bikes pushing 60mph should be legal but reclassified as something closer to a motorcycle. The problem with keeping them illegal is people tend to treat them like bikes when they should be on the road.

rounce 3 days ago | parent [-]

This is already handled in the licensing in the UK and Europe it’s an A1 motorcycle license if it’s below 11kW, A2 up to 35kW, and everything over is the full-fat A license.

SR2Z 2 days ago | parent | prev [-]

The law either needs to make it legal or properly be applied to everyone. The worst situation is when an unenforceable law which does not have the teeth for a situation is on the books - it's the same as it being unregulated, but now the government can fine you whenever it wants.

Aurornis 2 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

> The real problem, IMO, is that the law is generally not deferential enough to cyclists and already forces them off sidewalks, onto the street, and to follow traffic laws designed for cars.

If we’re talking about high powered e-bikes, I don’t want them on the sidewalk either. Once they exceed the current regulations they’re in the moped/motorcycle category.

> There's not much else to take away, and the rules right now are unreasonable enough that cyclists always break them.

So what’s your suggestion? Let people ride electric motorcycles on sidewalks? Change the laws so that high powered e-bikes don’t have to follow the rules of the road?

I don’t think the current laws are unreasonable. I live in a place where people routinely ride their e-bikes on the sidewalks and it’s absolutely awful, especially with young children. Every time we go somewhere I have to hold their hands and yank them off the sidewalk at least once to dodge another e-bike zooming past. I can only hope enforcement catches up and starts impounding bikes from people breaking the law and issuing large fines, because I don’t know how else to stop this.

SR2Z 2 days ago | parent [-]

No, electric motorcycles should not be on sidewalks - but regular bikes can be.

jlarocco 3 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

> but aren't nearly as dangerous as motorcycles.

What a ridiculous statement.

I don't think there's any inherrent difference, but until the laws catch up the "powerful e-bikes" are clearly more dangerous. Riding a traditional motorcycle requires a license, passing a driving test, and following the rules of the road - none of which are true for e-bikes.

But I'd love to hear why you think the opposite.

lelandbatey 3 days ago | parent [-]

An ebike weighs less than a motorcycle by at least half (for super lightweight motorcycles) or less than 1/6th the weight. So a fast ebike is about as dangerous as merely the human person +100lbs traveling at speed.

Thus, less energy to transmit to a pedestrian

jlarocco 3 days ago | parent | next [-]

100 pounds of bike plus 150 pounds of person hitting a pedestrian at 30+ mph is still going to do cause serious injuries to both of them.

But it's really a moot point because there are essentially zero motorocycles travelling on sidewalks, bikepaths, and trails where pedestrians are going to be concentrated, while it's a free for all for e-bikes.

In general, motorcycle/pedestrian accidents are pretty rare. Statistically, motorcyclists are most likely to injure or kill themselves rather than bystanders.

SR2Z 2 days ago | parent [-]

Yeah, it's not going to be as bad as a 300lb bike and 150lb person with a fuel tank in the back...

There are lots of gas powered motorcycles in the bike lanes where I live. Not legal, but nobody enforces it.

earleybird 2 days ago | parent | prev [-]

And still fatal

https://www.ctvnews.ca/vancouver/article/pedestrian-dead-aft...

In this case it was a bicycle and not an ebike. That said, anecdotally, many ebikes I see regularly travel faster than the people powered versions

consp 3 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

> There are clearly good reasons for people to want extremely powerful e-bikes and they should be allowed to.

They are called motorcycles. At > 4kw they are that (here). So either you get them registered a such, get a license and insure them, or downgrade them to under 4kw, get a license and insure them as a moped, or downgrade them to 2kw and pedal assist only and register them as a pedelec. All other options is 250w continuous (you can get away with about 500w peak) and pedal assist only.

You are also not insured if you drive an illegal bike on the road.

oblio 3 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Any ebike that goes faster than 25kmph in Europe and whatever it is in NA should not be allowed anywhere were pedestrians can go.

The real solution people don't want to accept is that ALL non arterial roads in ANY urban/suburban/rural environment should be limited to 30kpmh (and equivalent in NA). And by limited I mean traffic calmed: 1 lane per direction, narrow lanes, raised street crossing, raised intersections, European style roundabouts, the works (Dutch style) - so that people actually respect the speed limit because they don't want to bang their car.

Once that happens, bike stay in bike lanes (or multi use paths with pedestrians) and everything else can go on the regular non arterial roads and stuff that's registered (mopeds and up) and go on any road.

But my "solution" requires major political adoption and probably decades of sustained vision in investment. In places with good governance it will happen naturally and everywhere else will slowly be left behind.

ashirviskas 3 days ago | parent | next [-]

> Any bike that goes faster than 25kmph in Europe and whatever it is in NA should not be allowed anywhere were pedestrians can go.

So, literally any bicycle?

jlarocco 3 days ago | parent | next [-]

As a cyclist, motorcyclist, and potential e-bike owner, I'd actually be in favor of making it any bicycle.

Anybody moving significantly faster than the flow of traffic is endangering the rest of the users.

oblio 2 days ago | parent [-]

I meant fast ebike.

Bikes should be allowed on shared use pathways and all sidewalks larger than 2m should by default also allow bikes.

Mopeds should be banned and fines should be big, to discourage that kind of use.

oblio 3 days ago | parent | prev [-]

Fixed.

nandomrumber 3 days ago | parent | prev [-]

It’s only one step away from full zero road deaths.

I propose that in order to be able to leave your house people should have to have a valid reason, have done a course, and apply for a single-use permit.

Because, obviously, people can’t be trusted to do the right thing, ever, and one death in the community, for any reason, ever, is too many.

oblio 2 days ago | parent [-]

I'm talking about Dutch style safety measures.

Fairly sure the Netherlands is a more advanced democracy than the "my freedumbs" US is at this point.

And Dutch infrastructure is also better.

ghostpepper 3 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

> They can't be treated like bicycles because they're too fast but aren't nearly as dangerous as motorcycles.

Why would an extremely powerful ebike be any less dangerous than extremely powerful gas motorcycle?

SR2Z 2 days ago | parent [-]

It will weigh like 3x less.

ericd 3 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

>They can't be treated like bicycles because they're too fast but aren't nearly as dangerous as motorcycles.

As a former rider, why? Cars were the most dangerous part, in my experience.

Something that stuck with me from my motorcycle safety course, the speed at which hitting a wall is 50% fatal is 30 mph. Doesn't take highway speeds.

SR2Z 2 days ago | parent [-]

The goal is not to protect the people on motorcycles, who (if we're being brutally honest) forfeited most expectations of safety as soon as they got on their bikes.

The goal is to protect the regular cyclists and pedestrians who they currently share paths with while trying to not make them TOO unsafe.

2 days ago | parent [-]
[deleted]
Empact 2 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

In many states there’s a carve out for mopeds, for example which have less than 50 ccs of displacement. In Texas you can ride them with just a regular drivers license, but ccs have no meaning in the electric world. Should be straightforward to make the case for equivalent regulation, but would require a new advocacy campaign/org.

jacquesm 3 days ago | parent | prev [-]

> aren't nearly as dangerous as motorcycles.

Opinions differ. I have seen far more accidents with powerful e-bikes than I have seen with motorcycles, and yet there are many more motorcycles.

SR2Z 2 days ago | parent [-]

This likely depends on where you live. Where I am (SF) ebikes do definitely outnumber motorcycles.

bhhaskin 3 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

There is a big issue in the US currently with people buying electric motorcycles that look like e-bikes.

eikenberry 3 days ago | parent [-]

What is the issue? I've seen people on those bikes and they look fun to ride.

RajT88 3 days ago | parent | next [-]

I see kids blasting around at high speeds without helmets.

Kids treat them like fast bikes you do not have to pedal. Wiping out on a bike at 13mph is a very different proposition to wiping out on a bike at higher speeds.

I saw just a couple nights ago some kid doing what appeared to be about 40mph on an eBike. Wind in his hair, not pedaling, just blasting it. I am sure new regulations will come to speed limit them, but at the cost of dead and disabled young people.

ETA: I went to go look up laws requiring speed limiters on bikes, and the top hit was about how you can disable them:

https://goebikelife.com/how-to-remove-ebike-speed-limiter/

Article states typical eBike speed limiters are 20-28mph. That is the kind of sustained speed Olympic cyclists can maintain for some period of time, and much faster than kid's toys need to be capable of. And these are the mandated limiters!

jacquesm 3 days ago | parent | next [-]

A kid died right in front of my door on one of those. They call them fatbikes around here and they're super dangerous to operate. Way too much torque and speed for kids (and, fairly, most adults) to handle responsibly.

RajT88 3 days ago | parent [-]

See - you nailed it. I did plenty of dumb shit when I was a kid, but like the specific number I quoted - 13mph - wiping out at that speed, which I have numerous times even as an adult - is a totally different level of bodily harm compared to the speeds I see kids doing on eBikes.

Would I have as a kid blasted around at 40mph if I could have? Goddamn right. That's actually my point - I'm not dead or permanently damaged, just the recipient of quite a lot of road rash. Worst injury I ever had on a bike was a broken trapezium, as an adult, for something totally not speed related (~13mph, yes), when a tree fell in front of me and I braked and flew across the handlebars. Game that out doing even 20mph and that's a different outcome.

Classic case of, "I've been there, done that, and this situation is nuts".

jacquesm 3 days ago | parent [-]

It's a real pity because not only did a kid die, he died on a piece of cycling infrastructure that is now much less safe than before because it gets used by kids moving at a speed higher than the cars will ever go in the same street.

And never mind the 45 kph scooters (that regularly do half as much) using the same bike path.

bhhaskin 3 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

And here is the problem. They are already supposed to be speed limited if it's an e-bike. It's easy to tell the difference between a bicycle and a motorcycle, but the difference between an e-bike and electric motorcycle is far more subtle. And most electric motorcycles lie and market themselves as e-bikes.

RajT88 3 days ago | parent [-]

> And most electric motorcycles lie and market themselves as e-bikes.

Because they have pedals which nobody uses. In theory, it's pedal assist, but kids aren't really pedaling eBikes, they are using them like electric motorcycles.

You might think: Hey, how can you tell the difference between somebody using an eBike with pedal assist if so many of them look just like regular bikes?

I don't really see young people pedaling bikes at all of any kind. It's adults who don't have cars, or adults who are exercising pedaling bikes.

gambiting 3 days ago | parent [-]

>>I don't really see young people pedaling bikes at all of any kind. It's adults who don't have cars, or adults who are exercising pedaling bikes.

Where do you live - over here(North of England) most kids ride bikes, especially to school. And not ebikes either - actual regular pedal bikes.

RajT88 3 days ago | parent [-]

Chicago suburbs. Cultural difference, mayhap.

eikenberry 3 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

On a decent hill you can get a regular bike going >60mph. A dirt bike will let you ride off road at nice speeds over random terrain (no licensing required when not on public roads). In the realm of bikes, these are not an outlier. Limiters are easily overcome and speed limits are barely enforced on cars, let alone bikes. When you get a bike like this you deal with the danger and wear protective gear just like you would with any other bike (motorized or not).

ghostpepper 3 days ago | parent | next [-]

> On a decent hill you can get a regular bike going >60mph.

This is not the same as being able to go > 60 mph anywhere, at any time, simply by pressing a button.

> When you get a bike like this you deal with the danger and wear protective gear just like you would with any other bike (motorized or not).

This only deals with the danger to the rider - it doesn't address the danger to pedestrians.

eikenberry 2 days ago | parent [-]

Pedestrian danger is the real issue but is already covered as it is illegal to ride bikes on the sidewalk in most cities (and this probably needs to be expanded).

Bicycles have long needed a dedicated infrastructure as they are neither cars nor pedestrians.

gambiting 3 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

>>On a decent hill you can get a regular bike going >60mph.

Yes, I've done this before by riding all the way up a local mountain on a road bike, clad in lycra, then on the way down I went over 60mph. It was terrifying and the physical fitness required to get up there in the first place required months of riding to actually do it. Meanwhile literal kids ride these on pavements, in between people, in cities where pedestrians walk - it's simply not acceptable. And I do own and ride an ebike(limited to 15.5mph) legally.

umanwizard 2 days ago | parent | prev [-]

Sure, there exist hills where some reckless people who refuse to brake can hit 60mph/100kph on a classical (non-motorized) bicycle. Unfortunately it’s difficult to prevent such stupid behavior, but thankfully, the places where it can happen are severely limited.

Therefore, we should count our blessings that it’s not more common, rather than allowing devices that enable it.

Animats 3 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

> I saw just a couple nights ago some kid doing what appeared to be about 40mph on an eBike. Wind in his hair, not pedaling, just blasting it.

Saw an ebike zip past me at about 40 MPH in a wheelie, little motor screaming, splitting a lane in traffic. (El Camino Real, Silicon Valley). If anything happens ahead of them, they're toast. Can't stop and can't evade.

cwmoore 3 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Electric bikes offer new opportunities for built-in cigarette lighters in the space. These kids...

CamperBob2 3 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Kids these days

fukka42 3 days ago | parent | prev [-]

[flagged]

dafelst 3 days ago | parent | next [-]

And believe it or not, a good proportion of us are not happy about that either.

RajT88 3 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Not really...

https://www.reddit.com/r/AskAmericans/comments/184oag8/can_y...

That assertion seems to be a disconnect of language. But - Selling firearms in Wal-Mart is bad enough, but it does tend to be more rural Wal-Marts than suburban (and not at all urban).

Said firearms are under lock and key in the same way they would be at gun stores. There are many gun shops in the same areas where Wal-Mart sells firearms. At least - where I live, which is a blue state. All bets are off for Texas.

conductr 3 days ago | parent | next [-]

> All bets are off for Texas.

We have everything locked up too just as you describe. We just have a lot of places to buy them, it's not like Wal-Mart here has a bin in the middle of the isle full of AR's next to the bin of Pokemon stuffies. Only pellet and BB guns are found on the shelf.

I don't know why I'm being pedantic, guns here are insane for many reasons but not because of this one. What bothers me is once you do buy it, you can just carry it anywhere you want now. Like random guys in MAGA hats holding what looks like a machine gun on a street corner is no longer an unusual sighting. It's weird, when I was a kid, my dad had rifles mounted to his truck rear window and it was common. Then, there was what seemed like a zero tolerance decade or two when guns were only on the news (gang violence) or in a gun safe (for hunting only). Then the pendulum swung to the wacky side of guns everywhere.

My kids school recently hosted a "gun recycling day" recently, with good intentions I think, but obviously once it occurred the parents were riled up with "you seriously invited people to bring their guns to the school! Where are the guns? Did they get moved off campus? etc" It's technically a private school and the event was hosted by the affiliated church, but still, pretty tone deaf to have that kind of event on the same property as a couple hundred elementary students

RajT88 3 days ago | parent | next [-]

I live on the edge of the suburbs in a Blue state, at least where I live (and further on towards the city) open carry gets you the attention you're looking for from the police. People don't tend to do it.

I am not sure about further out. I know people in Michigan who keep a piece in their glovebox. I've seen in the movies what you talk about - the gun rack in the truck cabin. None of my rural relatives ever did that, not even in Michigan which is pretty gun-friendly away from cities.

> I don't know why I'm being pedantic, guns here are insane for many reasons but not because of this one.

Yeah, I mean. In Illinois at least, the guns get into the hands of the bad guys overwhelmingly because of straw buyers. Not because of "the gun show loophole". A small number of guns are obtained through theft. Mostly it's straw buyers, at least when it comes to guns used in crimes.

My family is filled with outdoorsy people (myself included), and although the numbers don't paint a picture of legal CCR owners being problematic, the wide array of people I've known who do carry makes me wonder how the hell it isn't a bigger problem. All manner of unhinged weirdos, some of whom pretty openly muse about the opportunity to shoot the kind of person they don't like. (Lots of normal people too - but plenty of weirdos)

3 days ago | parent | prev [-]
[deleted]
AngryData 2 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Texas only got open carry a little while ago. Their whole reputation with guns is a hyperbolic fantasy, many northern and blue states have always had less restrictive firearm laws.

fukka42 3 days ago | parent | prev [-]

Right, so they sell guns at a super market? Walmart is a super market and like you say, they sell guns.

How is this "not really"?

umanwizard 2 days ago | parent | next [-]

Walmart isn’t a supermarket, it’s a hypermarket, which isn’t really the same thing. This isn’t specifically a US distinction: it would also not be called a “supermarché” in France for example.

Most of them do have a (relatively small) grocery section, but are primarily dedicated to non-consumables like clothes, children’s toys, furniture, electronics, etc.

Whereas a typical supermarket (e.g. Safeway, Fry’s, Albertsons, Whole Foods etc.) might have a relatively small section of all of the above, but are primarily dedicated to food.

RajT88 2 days ago | parent [-]

Exactly. His talking point seems to be, "In America you can go to a Tesco and buy a gun!" which is not remotely true. Replace with whatever stores you like in Europe (Carrefour, Aldi, whatever).

fukka42 2 days ago | parent [-]

Never mentioned Tesco, never mentioned grocery stores. That's just you putting words in my mouth.

umanwizard 11 hours ago | parent [-]

“Grocery store” and “supermarket” mean the same thing in most contexts in colloquial American English. What distinction are you drawing between them?

RajT88 3 days ago | parent | prev [-]

Calling Wal-Mart a supermarket is a giant stretch. As TFA says, some Wal-marts have groceries, and some have guns, and there is some small overlap between the two, but Wal-Mart is not what anyone would call a "Supermarket" - they are more an "Everything Store" where the "Everything" can vary by location which sometimes includes guns and groceries, but always includes TV's and frozen food and fishing supplies and clothing and shoes and candy and shampoo and razors and so on...

Most people are not buying groceries there, they go to actual supermarkets - near me Jewel-Osco, Mariano's, Aldi, Whole Foods, Kroger - none of which sell guns. Grocery stores do not sell guns by any common definition of the term "grocery store". You've got a corner case off of which your talking point is built. Corner cases do not make good foundations of arguments.

My advice: Come to the US and do some grocery shopping before making more such arguments.

fukka42 3 days ago | parent [-]

I specifically said supermarkets, not grocery stores. I acknowledge they're not the same thing, but Walmart absolutely is a supermarket.

And I'll pass on visiting the US why y'all have armed police running around tackling people & disappearing them, and are demanding social media passwords only to refuse entry if you've been critical of Dear Leader. Sort your shit out, then maybe.

ac29 3 days ago | parent | next [-]

Supermarket and grocery store are basically synonyms in the US.

Walmart would be called a superstore or box store.

Dylan16807 3 days ago | parent | next [-]

I agree with your first statement, but I'd point it the other way around. I often call big supermarkets grocery stores even when I shouldn't. And I never use "superstore" or "box store".

I'm fine calling walmart a supermarket.

umanwizard 2 days ago | parent [-]

Language is clearly missing something if we don’t have a different word for Walmart, Target, etc. versus Albertsons, Fry’s, etc. I think if the latter set are grocery stores, then the former are clearly something else.

2 days ago | parent | prev [-]
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RajT88 2 days ago | parent | prev [-]

> Walmart absolutely is a supermarket

As I said, even though I'm reluctantly willing to entertain this, it's an incredibly niche talking point. Except for this one corner case which is only kinda-sorta true, people cannot buy guns at grocery stores. That's nonsense, and your talking point is nonsense.

fukka42 2 days ago | parent [-]

I never said grocery stores and you already agreed that what I did say is correct: You can buy guns at the supermarket in America.

umanwizard 2 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

That’s completely unrelated to whether these bikes are safe. HN articles are not part of some zero-sum competition between the US and Europe.

fukka42 2 days ago | parent [-]

Sure, it's just really funny to worry about people having to wear helmets ona bicycle when you have so many mass shootings per year it's been normalized to the degree that they don't even make the news anymore.

Apparently, just this year, a total of 366 people have been killed and 1,668 people have been wounded in 374 shootings, as of October 31, 2025.

umanwizard 11 hours ago | parent [-]

Actually, I don’t find it funny at all.

drnick1 3 days ago | parent | prev [-]

So what? Not everyone wants to live in a communist hellscape where everything is regulated to death.

FireBeyond 3 days ago | parent | next [-]

Yeah! Like the NRA says, "From my cold dead hands!"

And like the NRA also says, "Unless you're attending an NRA convention, in which case please leave your firearms at home or use one of our provided lockers, because gun-free zones are a communist hellscape except here, and please pass through this metal detector too."

neuralRiot 3 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Yeah! We want V8s and powder, we want diesel fumes and school shootings in our land of the freee just as God intended it to be.

AngryData 2 days ago | parent | prev [-]

Most actual communists support civilian gun ownership, Karl Marx was himself a big fan of a well armed working class.

It is authoritarians that want gun control the most because they want a monopoly on force through the military and police.

nsxwolf 3 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

My neighborhood is full of kids on these things. The safety dynamics of driving around have changed completely. Small children flying on and off road at high speeds. It's crazy.

Rebelgecko 2 days ago | parent | prev [-]

The issue is they're mostly ridden by teenagers with still-developing frontal cortices. The death rate is still lower than cars, but they're much more dangerous than a "real" bike (or ebike)

rconti 3 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Okay, but is it difficult to extrapolate the weight saving benefits of a "legal" power e-bike motor?

carlosjobim 3 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

He said motorcycle. That's a market of hundreds of millions to one billion customers.

beefnugs 3 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Oh nooo i have to put a sticker on it, and only allow my control to go to some arbitrary value when the cops are watching

MadnessASAP 3 days ago | parent | prev [-]

Listen, your world may not allow you to sell an e-bike with a 1000hp motor on it. But my world allows me to put a 1000hp motor on an e-bike and not tell anyone.

Now hold my beer...

doubled112 3 days ago | parent | next [-]

There's a difference.

I've noticed that people seem to believe as long as they bought something it should be safe. If you're smart enough to build something, I have to hope you're at least smart enough to realize that there might be consequences.

Take your beer back, I'm going for a rip next.

usrusr 3 days ago | parent | prev [-]

So that you can flip over in an uncontrolled wheelie at an even lower fraction of the throttle? Even if there was infinite energy throughput (aka power) at zero mass, the main limiter for power per total system mass would still be the battery. In any practical setup, even in super short runtime designs, getting, say, twice the power would not all that dramatic a runtime hit if it was achieved by scaling the same motor technology and paying for the extra mass with a little battery capacity. Unless of course you want to actually use that power increase for any meaningful fraction of the runtime, then you'll obviously drain the battery fast. But a zero-mass power increase would not change that a lot either.

Increasing power density (of the motor) just isn't worth much when it does not happen to coincide with an increase in efficiency (and then the battery mass saved for achieving the same range will quite literally outweigh the mass saved by a smaller engine for achieving the same power)

The good news is that those striving for power density aren't really at liberty to completely ignore efficiency in the process because cooling is a key issue for them.

lazide 3 days ago | parent [-]

Honestly he’d probably just pretzel the frame underneath him, assuming he gunned it.

That’s enough power to potentially do that to a full size car frame.

Lio 3 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Not a game changer but I wonder if ligher motors allow you to do things like have one motor per drive wheel, removing the need for differential gearboxes?

Then you can do clever things with traction control without having to use the ABS system to brake the drive wheels.

Or dramatically change the turning circle on big cars and vans. Maybe even reduce the size and weight of the braking system by taking on some of that role.

All for the same weight budget.

GenerWork 3 days ago | parent | next [-]

I believe that some EVs already have 1 motor per wheel such as the top of the line Rivians that are advertised as quad motor.

mrguyorama 3 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Putting the motors in the wheel is bad for a separate reason: Unsprung weight.

Every ounce you have in the hubs that don't float on the suspension reduces certain suspension attributes. You end up with a crappier ride and poor performance.

toss1 3 days ago | parent | next [-]

Exactly this, which is why I'd expect automakers to use the short axles and CV (constant-velocity) joints which are already well-developed technologies for 4-wheel independent suspensions

I see no reason the small motors can't be mounted inboard from the wheels on the underside of the chassis, as are a rear differential or front transaxle in an ICE car.

Having such a small and lightweight power package opens up serious design and performance opportunities. Plus, even without major redesign to take full advantage, every reduction in weight rolls through the system, providing immediate improved acceleration, cornering, & braking or similar performance using smaller tires, brakes etc..

Lio 3 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Yes, I agree. I was careful about how I worded this to avoid saying anything about the motors actually being in the wheels for this reason.

Although, I guess at some point in the future if we can get the weight down low enough and the strength of the motor high enough we could replace the existing braking system with a motor for the same weight penalty we already pay.

In an ideal world all the energy from breaking would be used for regen anyway.

I'm not sure how close we are to that but it's an interesting thought experiment thinking about the trade offs we might be able to make in future.

hawk_ 3 days ago | parent [-]

Deceleration requirements are going to be harder than acceleration, one would think so how would you apply full brakes with the same motor?

DontBreakAlex 3 days ago | parent [-]

I mean if your have a 750kw motor for each wheel, then they're probably always spinning when you floor it, so you also have enough torque to fully use your tires for stopping purposes

EDIT: Quick maths show that decelerating at 1g (basically what the best sport tires can do) in a 2000kg car at 300kph requires absorbing ~1500kw, so conveniently two of these motors.

duskwuff 3 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

If the motors are light enough, though, that might be acceptable... especially if they can make an even smaller version for that application. (You probably don't need 750 kW on each wheel - even for a supercar that'd be excessive.)

fragmede 3 days ago | parent [-]

fwiw four of those electric motors is approximately 4,000 hp. You won't get better 0-60 times with that though, at that point, you're limited by the tires' physical limitations. So at best you could get down to a ~2.2 second 0-60 mph time with regular tires, and then after that, you'd need race sticky tires in order to go faster.

Unless you used the motors to power fans instead, then you could use that for downforce and propulsion, and get well belown 2 seconds, theoretically.

F1 cars with fans to run them upsidedown but with remote drivers for their safety maybe?

ImPostingOnHN 3 days ago | parent [-]

Yeah, the potential here reminded me of the McMurtry Spéirling, which uses fans for active downforce, and gets 0-60 in 1.4 seconds. Top Gear Video link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HPZxcfglU2Q

dzhiurgis 3 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Maybe fine for non-performance vehicles, especially considering you can remove driveshafts and brakes.

UncleOxidant 3 days ago | parent | prev [-]

But these are 28lbs which isn't a lot to have in the wheel. Considering that this is the 1000 HP version you definitely don't need 1000HP in each wheel, but maybe they could come up with an even lighter 100 to 200HP version?

jjtheblunt 3 days ago | parent | prev [-]

https://www.mbusa.com/en/vehicles/model/g-class/suv/g580w4e#...

has four electric motors

mattlutze 3 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

If you're putting motors in wheels, lower weight means reducing the weight/capacity of adjacent systems.

Lighter motors for mobile robots could also be cool.

ElijahLynn 3 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Nice observation that the weight isn't that much of a deal compared to batteries for electric vehicles!

It does seem like with this advancement, and the size of these axial flux motors that maybe, all wheel drive vehicles will be the default. As well as sub 3 second acceleration, which can make vehicles safer, for example getting out of the way of an incoming object. Of course it could also make them less safe because that vast of acceleration is kind of dangerous.

But I do wonder if the weight reduction (over 30%) of lithium sulfur batteries paired with these is really going to make a great recipe for all sorts of quiet, long lasting, powerful electric vehicles and robots!

huijzer 3 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Exactly. Main problem is battery energy density. Cars can drive about 20 kilometers on 1 liter of gasoline. In comparison, Tesla's 4680 cells are at about 272-296 Wh/kg and CATL's Kirin Battery at about 255 Wh/kg. A bit efficient EV often uses 200 Wh/km, so for 1 kg of battery the electric vehicle can only reach 1-2 km. An order of magnitude difference. Theoretically, batteries could go to 1000 Wh/kg some day, which would mean about 5 km per 1 kg of battery assuming all else remains equal.

mattlutze 3 days ago | parent | next [-]

https://ev-database.org/cheatsheet/energy-consumption-electr...

The Model 3 manages < 140 Wh/km, and many seem to be under 150/160/170.

dotancohen 3 days ago | parent | next [-]

I'm at 115,000 km, at 133 Wh/km since the last (inadvertent) trip reset. The previous one (for the life of the vehicle) was at a similar number.

This is on a 2022 Long Range Model 3.

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murkt 3 days ago | parent | prev [-]

That’s still around 2 km per kg of batteries.

cwmoore 3 days ago | parent | prev [-]

Oranges to apples so long as electron mass is fixed and reserve currencies fluctuate.

jesse__ 3 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Somebody's probably already pointed this out, but in the case of motors, making them lighter can make a big difference.

For example, by making the flywheel in a clutch lighter, you reduce the amount of torque it takes to spin the flywheel. Saving 10 pounds there is not a 10/3000lb difference.. it could be a huge percentage of total power output.

londons_explore 2 days ago | parent [-]

To be precise, the impact of mass inside the rotor of the motor is 2 * the mass * the rotor diameter / the wheel diameter * the drivetrain gear ratio.

For a typical EV, I think that works out to a factor of around 2.

inasio 3 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Basically Amdahl's law [0]. If optimizing for weight, go for the components that make up most of the weight first.

[0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amdahl%27s_law

lucisferre 3 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

I would expect that lighter motor components would potentially allow weight reduction in load bearing components. Not an advantage for SUV-type cars, but for light and ultralight vehicles it could add up to more weight saving and longer ranges.

hinkley 3 days ago | parent [-]

You still have to handle the torque of the smaller motor. 30kg is maybe 2% of the vehicle weight.

FireBeyond 3 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

> The electric motor in a vehicle like a Tesla Model 3 already weighs less than you do. Reducing that one component by 75% would be a weight savings equivalent to about a half of a passenger.

Of which there can be two, or even three.

BiteCode_dev 3 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Then for drones ?

icedrift 3 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

For EVs no but it's huge for flight if it could be scaled down. Paramotors and ultralight planes are on the verge of being competitive with gas they just need a bit more energy density per pound in the system.

narrator 3 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Maybe this would be good for a personal quadcopter, however the batteries weight would probably make the motor weight savings unimportant.

baxuz 3 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

The difference is when you take into consideration rotating mass, and the distribution between the stator and rotor.

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catapart 3 days ago | parent | prev [-]

It drops a buck fifty per motor. That IS a game changer.

It can make cars cheaper, or longer range, or faster, or any number of other designs based on what the manufacturer is looking for.

But to OP's point about flight - stacking 6 Tesla motors is not an option. Stacking 6 of these YASA motors? Much less weight.

hinkley 3 days ago | parent | next [-]

Looks like it’s about 45 kg for a Tesla and 13 kg for this one. It at twice the horsepower. So maybe 8-10kg for a down rated model. IIRC, axial motors need their diameter to retain their efficiency advantage so a down rated one would likely be lighter but close to the same external dimensions.

But that’s still a lot less rotating mass, and might make multiple motors attractive again.

Aurornis 3 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

> It drops a buck fifty per motor. That IS a game changer.

You’re reading their marketing material. You have to think of this like all of those PR releases you’ve seen over the years about new battery technology that is 4X smaller or new hard drive tech that is 10X more efficient. The real world improvements aren’t going to be as big as their one lab test.

A Model 3 motor is already well under 150lbs, unless you start including ancillaries like the inverter and power transmission parts.

They’re not dropping “a buck fifty” from typical EV motors.

elihu 3 days ago | parent | next [-]

Nah, the main thing is that electric motors are already far better than they need to be -- even assuming the claims are all true, it would only make a small difference.

Shaving a couple percent off the total vehicle weight would still be a very good thing, but improving batter energy density by 10% or so would be a bigger deal for most EVs.

There might be some niche applications where the battery weight isn't the biggest issue -- like very short-range, light-weight vehicles that need to have enormous amounts of power for some reason.

I could see motors like this being used in power tools if they can be scaled down. A light-weight plug-in electric chainsaw would be pretty awesome.

nandomrumber 3 days ago | parent [-]

> A light-weight plug-in electric chainsaw would be pretty awesome.

These already exist, in both plug-in and cordless / battery powered.

elihu a day ago | parent [-]

Small wimpy ones are widely available. I'd love to have an electric chainsaw that runs on 220v and has a respectably long bar, but those don't seem to be available in the US as far as I can tell.

At 30 amps and 220 volts, that would be about 8 horsepower. I think most motors that size rated for that much continuous power would be rather heavy.

catapart 3 days ago | parent | prev [-]

I'm not reading anyone's marketing material. If you want to dispute the shipping weight, feel free to correct this website whom I assume charges for shipping based on weight [0]. I'm sure they'd love to know they have it wrong.

According to purchasable equipment, the Model 3 engines weight ~175 lbs. If that's wrong, that's on them for claiming it. Subtract 28 lbs from that and you're at 147 lbs. That is very close to 150 lbs.

[0] https://evshop.eu/en/electric-motors/295-tesla-model-3-drive...

Aurornis 3 days ago | parent [-]

That’s a drive unit, which is more than the motor. Read the description:

> This kit includes the Tesla motor, inverter, gear box, power cables and drive shafts.

Drive shafts, gearbox, power cables, inverter. Also includes the mounts, which is likely not factored into the lab calculations for this marketing material.

You cannot drop 150lbs from the Model 3 motor because it doesn’t even weigh 150lbs.

catapart 3 days ago | parent | next [-]

You're missing the forest for the trees. Dropping 10 lbs per motor is HUGE. Dropping 30 is amazing. Whatever is dropped, it's significant. Pretend that it isn't all you want, but anyone doing production work knows how important this is.

I'm happy to compare apples to apples when we can do that, and if you want me to say I was wrong about the Tesla motor size I'm happy to say that I was just going by what was available on the internet and skipped the details. But I did so in service of a point which you still haven't actually engaged with beyond "Nu uh!".

Aurornis 3 days ago | parent [-]

> Dropping 10 lbs per motor is HUGE.

Auto makers could drop 10lbs, 100lbs or even more from every EV right now by choosing more expensive materials, more expensive manufacturing processes, or simply cutting back on amenities.

10lbs is not significant in the grand scheme of things. The real question is how much it costs, what are the tradeoffs, and how practical is it.

> But I did so in service of a point which you still haven't actually engaged with beyond "Nu uh!".

That’s not a fair take on what I’ve been posting at all. I said every little bit helps, but pointed out that motor sizes are already small.l

3 days ago | parent | next [-]
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catapart 3 days ago | parent | prev [-]

10 lbs per motor in an aircraft is huge. And the fact that they can do it WITHOUT having to use more expensive materials or manufacturing or amenities is the thing that is huge about it.

It's a fair take on your responses because talking about a SINGLE motor is missing the point. You're not engaging with the actual point that OP made, you're trying to dispute OP by engaging in your own point about what difference this would make in single-motor cars, instead of what difference it will make in general.

Dylan16807 3 days ago | parent | next [-]

> 10 lbs per motor in an aircraft is huge.

That's cool but the conversation was about cars. It's a welcome but tiny improvement for cars. Even after you multiply by 2 or 4, especially because the more motors a car has the smaller they are.

catapart 3 days ago | parent [-]

No, it's literally - by the discussion partner's own estimation[0] - cutting the motor size in half. That's not a tiny improvement, it's a half-weight reduction for the motor. It's not as big as I naively estimated from a google search, but it's still half the weight. That's the kind of thing engineers chase as a benchmark and rarely every actually achieve. It's great.

But also, I reject your attempt to reframe the discussion as strictly car focused. OP specifically mentioned flight. Which doesn't necessarily mean it was all about aircraft - the article is about cars after all. But it certainly doesn't mean that the conversation was strictly about cars, either.

[0]: I've googled this claim and I'm willing to accept it, but the only sources for it I could find were subtractive estimations from youtubers whom had pulled apart the motors. Even additional claims from forums and whatnot seemed to trace back to one of those video sources. It would be nice if Tesla would deign to discuss some specificiations themselves, but if there's an actual official source, I have yet to see it. And, for what it's worth, the motors that I've seen referenced were all for the rear motor that I understand to be the smaller motor in Teslas. Either way, I don't doubt the 70 lbs estimate is far off, so it's moot.

Dylan16807 3 days ago | parent | next [-]

> But also, I reject your attempt to reframe the discussion as strictly car focused. OP specifically mentioned flight. Which doesn't necessarily mean it was all about aircraft - the article is about cars after all. But it certainly doesn't mean that the conversation was strictly about cars, either.

OP mentioned flight. But the part that got argued back and forth over the next 7 comments was about EVs. Aurornis never said a word about anything but EVs.

ImPostingOnHN 3 days ago | parent | prev [-]

I would tend to agree with the other poster that a 10lb reduction, or even a 20lb reduction, is pretty insignificant when it comes to modern consumer cars.

catapart 2 days ago | parent [-]

Right on. Buy a car with a heavier motor, then.

I took this out to the shop floor yesterday and asked the guys what they could do with 10 fewer pounds in the leafs we have around, and believe me - I'm so much less excited about being vindicated in this thread, than I am about the ideas they came up with. Mostly nonsense, but there's some interesting stuff in there that I can't wait for them to try out!

ImPostingOnHN 2 days ago | parent [-]

I just posted this question to an executive advisory panel consisting of leaders from some of the largest car companies, and they could not stress enough how right and vindicated the other poster was, about a 10lb reduction, or even a 20lb reduction, being pretty insignificant when it comes to modern consumer cars.

I guess it's just not worth it to pay way more for a motor just because it provides a pretty-insignificant weight reduction.

catapart 2 days ago | parent [-]

lol

nandomrumber 3 days ago | parent | prev [-]

The Boeing 737-800 is the best selling jet liner in history with over 15,000 manufactured.

The 737-800 has a maximum takeoff weight: 174,200 pounds (79,010 kilograms).

What’s 10lbs got to do with anything?

hinkley 3 days ago | parent | prev [-]

Smaller motor can be one per wheel which means a shorter drive shaft, less rotating weight which means more torque to the road under acceleration and deceleration.

Tesla still doing a gearbox? Their marketing has been telling me they got rid of those. Typical.

whamlastxmas 3 days ago | parent | prev [-]

Range in EVs is impacted very little by weight

gogusrl 3 days ago | parent [-]

Exactly. I was very surprised to find out a fully loaded 40 ton electric truck only uses ~100kw / 100km ( https://www.youtube.com/@electrictrucker ) when my 2 ton Volvo averages 20-22kw/100km on road trips.

hinkley 3 days ago | parent | next [-]

Superfastmatt did a test recently where he proved to himself that the front area of the vehicle and trailer is the dominant factor on mileage, not the weight towed or friction.

For a guy trying to drive 300 mph though maybe he should have been able to do that with math instead of sketchy road tests.

3 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]
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nandomrumber 3 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Newton’s first law helps out a lot here.

ninalanyon 3 days ago | parent | prev [-]

kWh not kW.