| ▲ | rubiquity 5 hours ago |
| SRE was always a lame job description and so was the entire "DevOps" movement we had to suffer through during ZIRP. Real ones are oncall for the systems they build. |
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| ▲ | jghn 5 hours ago | parent | next [-] |
| DevOps was a reasonable idea, but it rarely actually manifested. If a company had an actual "DevOps group" separate from the developers, by definition they weren't doing DevOps. |
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| ▲ | LargeWu 5 hours ago | parent | next [-] | | Part of the problem, and what ultimately drove me out of coding altogether, is that Ops is a specialized skillset completely orthoganal to the business of building applications. And, I was really bad at it due to a complete lack of interest. As cloud environments get more and more complicated one ends up spending more and more time dealing with that at the expense of building things. Conversely, there are lots of folks who love ops type problems and are not well suited to building apps. So, it makes sense to put them on separate teams where they can each do the thing that they're best at, rather than fumble through the parts of the jobs they hate. But yes, at this point it's not really DevOps anymore, it's just ops. | | |
| ▲ | dcss_gardener 5 hours ago | parent | next [-] | | IMO it was a worthwhile experiment that probably went too far before being rejected. Having the maintenance/ops requirements directly feed back into the design and engineering of the product is genuinely powerful. Especially for certain kinds of products, if executed with discipline you can get really good engineering reaction time with no degradation of quality, and often with much cheaper infra costs. The problem is what you said though. People with both skillsets are rare, and combining them is legitimately a third skill on its own. And even "both" skillsets is a simplification once you start accounting for data, security, compliance, large scaling DB work etc. It was mostly a dead end for these reasons but it was worth exploring for its potential. And some genuinely good engineering techniques went mainstream out of it, not a total waste. | | |
| ▲ | netcoyote 5 hours ago | parent | next [-] | | > Having the maintenance/ops requirements directly feed back into the design and engineering of the product is genuinely powerful. You’re so right. This is the key, whether a team is doing devops or not. One of my major contributions when I took on a CTO role was getting dev, ops, and support teams to talk about the pain points. There were so many easy wins to make things run better because the teams didn’t understand the difficulties the other teams were going through. | |
| ▲ | sublinear 5 hours ago | parent | prev [-] | | Isn't that just anyone with an "architect" job title though? I don't think that kind of dev is particularly rare at all. I've found that "ops" has become far too overabstracted and jargony. Their moat is endless "certifications". Their "experts" are the dogmatic personality types who try everything in their power to prevent their feet from ever touching the ground like it's lava. They lack the kind of dev or sysadmin experience where you have to stand under your own constructions like a Roman engineer. Any formerly-known-as "full stack" dev who kept at it for the last decade and a half would run circles around anyone in ops. That's every senior dev working right now who doesn't like to manage people. It used to be that the ones who went SRE just wanted a pay bump for a bullshit job of relatively light coding puzzles and parroting stuff in meetings, but I guess that well has dried up with "AI". | | |
| ▲ | everforward 4 hours ago | parent | next [-] | | Coming from the Ops side, “full stack” usually translates to “our entire infrastructure stack is managed AWS services, we don’t know how they work”. It turns out about as well as if you set the Ops team to shipping features. Eg I’ve seen more than one full stack dev team build a synchronous RPC-over-message-bus framework because they can’t figure out how to make HTTP or actual RPC calls reliable. It is hands down the most poorly and overengineered thing I have ever seen on a service that takes single digit qps. The ops teams fight that shit tooth and nail because if it blows up, they’re the ones who get called. And it is 100% too late to fix it by then. Ripping it out will take months, and the dev team will say they’ll do it, but they never will because the VP is leaning on them about some feature. You either say no early, or you are forever on the hook for whatever abomination the intern has cooked up. | |
| ▲ | dcss_gardener 4 hours ago | parent | prev [-] | | Right but the dream and promise of devops was that early-to-mid career line engineers could do these things, that these weren't rare skills and combining them wasn't particularly challenging. This turned out not to be the case, these skills are the requirement not the outcome. But if you have the budget and connections to hire a department of people with these skills and experience, and a problem interesting enough to keep them engaged in the day to day building, and a leader capable and charismatic enough to align them all into the business's goals... you should do that. |
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| ▲ | aleph_minus_one 5 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] | | > Ops is a specialized skillset completely orthog[o]nal to the business of building applications. Exactly this was the idea: persons in a DevOps role have skills in both areas, i.e. are very wide skill set, so that one can assign them to very diverse tasks for more flexibility. Additionally, these persons can implement synergies to make things more efficient in areas that intersect both development and operation. | | |
| ▲ | ragall 4 hours ago | parent [-] | | No, what you descrive is SRE. DevOps was the idea to give people that work 100% as developers the ability to do some amount of ops work (let say 5%), as a way to break the silo between Dev and Ops that existed in older organizations. | | |
| ▲ | LargeWu 2 hours ago | parent | next [-] | | In practice though, at least at places I worked, it wasn't 5%, it was more like 80%. | |
| ▲ | macintux 3 hours ago | parent | prev [-] | | I am skeptical that either label is sufficiently well-defined and more importantly well-understood within the industry to offer definitive statements on the differences. | | |
| ▲ | ragall 3 hours ago | parent [-] | | Of course it's misunderstood and misused, but that doesn't mean that more discerning people can't understand where it came from and why, and then used the term properly. |
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| ▲ | KaiserPro 5 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] | | it only really worked as part of a team. Where it worked well is the "devops" or sre/sysadmin would sit in the same team and take away the rough edges of the infra. conversly they would also keep an eye on the web people and see what they are doing and why, learning the tooling they use and try and rationalise it so they don't install 50 messaging queues. | |
| ▲ | ludicrousdispla 3 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] | | yeah, I am a software developer, not a system administrator. In the early days of devops it was primarily focused on supporting developer productivity (CI/CD) but quickly morphed into sysadmin once cloud computing took off. | |
| ▲ | iamflimflam1 5 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] | | At one point I was very hopeful that the progression from Infrastructure as a service to Platform as a service was going to simplify things. Instead we seem to have ended up with mind boggling complex services. | | |
| ▲ | oasisbob 4 hours ago | parent [-] | | I think this one is really localized. Some places do have really well built out platforms where logging, instrumentation, databases, deployment methodologies, IaC, etc have well-built happy paths that exclude a bunch of accidental complexity. I think a lot of other places are either too small or grow too quickly with the wrong set of values and admit too much into their "platform" which had very little design to begin with. |
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| ▲ | intelVISA 3 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] | | Imo a dev with no ops exp is like a chef who never tastes their own meals. | | |
| ▲ | LargeWu 2 hours ago | parent [-] | | I think a more apt analogy is a chef who is not waiting tables. Which, by the way, are typically completely different roles in a restaurant. Your comparison might work better for a dev with no testing experience. Write the code and throw it over the wall. But I fail to see how an application engineer should need to worry about the intricacies of, say, setting up virtual private gateways. |
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| ▲ | jeffrallen an hour ago | parent | prev [-] | | I disagree: ops is related to dev, because good dev work makes ops easy. But they are different: being good at ops requires a mindset of curiosity, risk management, and being willing to chase things to to last details. |
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| ▲ | weakfish 3 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] | | I am consistently surprised that I'm unique for enjoying, and if I may be so bold, being pretty good at, both Ops and appdev. Now I'm not the greatest in the world, but I really do firmly believe now that most generalists should strive to be able to do both at a journeyman level. To my understanding, this _is_ DevOps in the original sense of the word, and the version where they are a separate team is an offshoot bastardization. At my last job, it was somewhere in-between where we had DevOps specialists who were regular software engineers who allocated the bulk of their time to building / running infra via Real Code (Pulumi vs. TF, minimal YAML wrangling etc) and built paths for app devs to self-service as much as they could. That, I felt, was a really excellent setup. | |
| ▲ | blauditore 4 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] | | Yes, big companies have a tendency to over-structure things. Devops? Sounds great, let's have a dedicated team for it. Agile? Absolutely, and to make sure it's done right, we need a rigid process around it. | | |
| ▲ | macintux 3 hours ago | parent [-] | | The rigid process around agile is absolutely mind-blowing to me, and it seems like it's everywhere in corporate environments, but my current client dials it up to 11. Maddening. |
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| ▲ | jeffrallen 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] | | Devops definitely still exists, I've seen it. It is when people are responsible, even in the middle of the night, for the systems they fucked up engineering in the day. | |
| ▲ | everfrustrated 4 hours ago | parent | prev [-] | | Real DevOps is actually just Dev - in that the Devs are doing the Ops. The people called DevOps are just there to backstop the devs oncall when shit hits fan and you need someone more experienced in ops / incident management to escalate to. |
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| ▲ | advisedwang 5 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] |
| Google's SRE was always about building infrastructure to make things reliable, and started in a world where LAMP on bare-metal + DNS load balancing was common. It makes sense to have a separate org/team/role responsible building real load balancing with health checks and failover, figuring out how to do zero-downtime updates, etc. When these problems because largely solved with off-the-shelf software SRE became either a bureaucracy (ensuring reliability through policy and enforcement) or just deploying other people's code and holding the pager. |
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| ▲ | Waterluvian 5 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] |
| I need the company to have skin in the game, so I prefer that I am entirely unreachable outside M-F 9-5. Otherwise they just exploit people who submit far too quickly to being on-call 24/7. It also gives me motivation to make my stuff work as best as possible so that I'm not being annoyed by management about my non-existence outside core hours. But I really do need the company to have a competent plan for handling issues that isn't just, "call the developer." It's amazing how much it makes them care about proper support and testing when the alternative isn't exploiting a developer, but is a customer outage. |
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| ▲ | SoftTalker 4 hours ago | parent [-] | | To me the best compromise is put a price on it. Realistically nothing is perfect, there will be cases where something randomly breaks and will need attention after hours. Responding to a call for this should get you double pay for your time. Plumbers and electricians work this way, why not software folks? If it absolutely has to get fixed, the company will pay the cost. If it can wait until Monday morning, they can save that cost. |
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| ▲ | fschuett 3 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] |
| On-call problems are mostly just a result of Kubernetes' "cattle not pets" brainrot ideology where people throw local simulate-ability out the window because the Rube-Goldberg web of pods and operators and cluster state gets too complex to simulate locally or keep in your head (esp. if code is located in 50+ microservice repos). Machines (esp. Virtual Machines) are ultimately predictable and crashes don't "just randomly happen". But it's what this entire "enterprise cloud" culture has brought in, the idea that it's impossible to simulate all possible failure conditions of a cluster locally and therefore we shouldn't even try doing it. Maybe that's true at Google scale, but most companies are simply not, not, not Google-scale. As a counter-example, I recently built a simple "cloud storage" system with a minimal Linux ISO: everything is stripped down to the absolute minimum to just boot, start a minimal S3 server and pull (encrypted and signed) update commands from an SQL "control plane" database. The entire userspace is ~50k lines of Rust (minus 10k init system) and I can simulate the entire VM locally and play with the "cluster" of VMs locally. The ISO is ~20 megabytes large and I can simulate entire datacenters "burning down", virtually, locally, before it happens for real. I can simulate everything: network failures, disk failures, slowdowns, latency, try getting Fable to hack it, etc. But in the kubernetes "enterprise" world, I can't do any of this. First I need 10.000 values.yaml files, 10 add-ons for logging and metrics (because pushing metrics to some collection endpoint over HTTP is clearly PhD level complexity) and on top you need a service mesh to restrict random containers talking to each other because nobody knows anymore what services can talk to which other services. The results are constant outages because of misconfigurations and someone having to be on-call at all time. Needing on-call at all (except for maybe security alerts, but those are usually not part of DevOps) is the result of this Google-influenced "crashes just happen" nonsense where "manager" culture is preferred over results (aka uptime). |
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| ▲ | VirusNewbie 2 hours ago | parent [-] | | >Machines (esp. Virtual Machines) are ultimately predictable and crashes don't "just randomly happen". Uh, I can literally see thousands of crashes happening all the time. You think there isn't a .01% chance of hardware going bad or hitting kernel bugs? | | |
| ▲ | fschuett 9 minutes ago | parent [-] | | It's not that crashes don't happen, it's just that they don't "randomly" happen. The error codes from bad hardware are predictable (against kernel bugs... well I use an "allnoconfig" kernel, which disables like 95% of the kernel). Bad hardware, bad network, bad RAM, all of these are simulateable in QEMU or Linux (tc netem / blkdebug). If I count my test suite for the ISO, I have ~2500 unit tests (placement groups tests, Raft behaviour tests, disk perf tests, SigV4 crypto tests, DHCP tests, kernel rollback tests), ~110 fault-injection tests (latency, network, RAM), ~60 block-store failure tests (e.g. network interrupt while two disks try to sync), "chaos tests" (generating random event scenarios for an hour), bit flip tests, "fsync lies to me" tests, power cut tests, round-trip tests, "power cut while in the middle of sync between datacenters", SMART degradation tests, load tests, memory pressure tests, file descriptor resource starvation, NTP drift tests, metadata DB loss tests, DNS failover, .... Then for security everything is turned off, kernel modules are off, eBPF is off, io_uring is off (lots of CVEs), user namespaces are off, most network and file drivers are off, /bin/sh is off, S3 endpoint is minimal, etc. Most rules from aerospace are said to be "written with blood", some crash caused this rule to be legalized. But with ~40k lines you can go through each line and say "what if this fails". With a kubernetes cluster it's more or less based on hope and happy-path testing. I also scraped other competitors for user complaints, esp. about data loss / sync engine bugs and in total I now have about 4000 tests for 40k lines of backend code and another ~1000 tests for the 15k lines for the sync engine code (about 1 test for every 15 lines). I'm still not entirely confident (still need lots of beta testing), but a chance of data loss of .01% would be pretty high. It really depends on the amount of testing whether you need an on-call person at all and most orgs are more engineered towards "just hire someone to be on-call" rather than doing proper testing. |
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| ▲ | Swizec 5 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] |
| > Real ones are oncall for the systems they build. Yes! This is devops, thank you for coming to my ted talk. Coincidentally I’ve found putting engineers oncall for their stuff really does wonders to ensure they check their AI agents’ code and know how it works. |
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| ▲ | tomjakubowski 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] |
| > Real ones are oncall for the systems they build. Code of Hammurabi's Law 229: "If a carpenter has erected a poorly constructed house, so that the walls cave in and kill the homeowner, that carpenter shall be executed." |
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| ▲ | Aurornis 4 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] |
| > Real ones are oncall for the systems they build. That’s what DevOps meant where I worked. I remember the separation of developers from deployment being one of the things DevOps pushers wanted to reduce. In fact it was the beginning of my career when the older senior people were already trying to get away from the assembly line style of software where each person worked on their part and then tossed it over to someone else to become their problem. |
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| ▲ | twalla 5 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] |
| there's eventually a point in organization size where it makes sense to have some kind of centralization to make it easier for teams to actually be on call for the systems they build without grinding them to dust. |
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| ▲ | VirusNewbie 5 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] |
| SRE at google works closely with devs to architect and build systems together. Most of them are on the SWE ladder, are able to bug fix and scale directly. They're not just ops. The point of SRE is to have a team dedicated to scaling/resilience to balance the tension between product pushing to ship features. If SRE cannot throttle the release cadence or fix bugs or change architecture in binaries, it's not really SRE. |
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| ▲ | deadnomore 5 hours ago | parent | next [-] | | When I worked at Google SREs only handled legacy products that were maintained but not in active development. SRE was its own vertical separate from SWE and they would only take on maintenance of a new service or product if SWE could prove to them it was stable. | | |
| ▲ | okdood64 4 hours ago | parent [-] | | I know Google SREs who do feature development on the infrastructure support they support alongside their devs. |
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| ▲ | rubiquity 5 hours ago | parent | prev [-] | | Nice I started a timer for how quickly a "well actually, SRE at google" would show up and you did not fail to deliver. > The point of SRE is to have a team dedicated to scaling/resilience to balance the tension between product pushing to ship features. Sounds like a cultural issue. Google should look into that. | | |
| ▲ | RexySaxMan 4 hours ago | parent | next [-] | | Why is your response so pithy? Google invented the term SRE, and I think how they use SRE is pretty relevant to the discussion. | | |
| ▲ | everfrustrated 4 hours ago | parent | next [-] | | Oddly the industry mostly rejected googles application of SRE even as they adopted the term. I've only seen Google use it to refer to engineers maintaining / operating someone elses code. | | |
| ▲ | coryrc 4 hours ago | parent [-] | | > I've only seen Google use it to refer to engineers maintaining / operating someone elses code. You didn't look around very hard then. I acknowledge that certain areas of the company can consistently use subsets of a role, so you may not have encountered it personally, but your view is definitely wrong about the role in the company as a whole. |
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| ▲ | aleksiy123 4 hours ago | parent | prev [-] | | It’s cause they don’t know what they are talking about. Easier to shit on people and things with hot take then actually have a grounded and coherent argument or realise that different companies/teams have different constraints, problems and environments they operate as well as different solutions. |
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| ▲ | ImPostingOnHN 5 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] | | It turns out it's easier to hire people who specialize in scalability, reliability, debugging of distributed complex systems, cost ops, efficiency gains, etc. than it is to instantly ensure every single engineer that works there is an expert in all those things, without anybody on staff who is an expert in them. Much like database skills, IT security skills, etc. It's still something everyone can theoretically learn, of course, and someone who works in that role is most effective by instilling those disciplines in others as they go, and making everyone successful. | |
| ▲ | hparadiz 5 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] | | He's right you know. | |
| ▲ | unethical_ban 5 hours ago | parent | prev [-] | | A cultural issue that many organizations face. Same reason most large companies have an infosec department that runs separately from IT. |
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| ▲ | bovermyer 5 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] |
| ZIRP? That's not an acronym I'm familiar with. |
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| ▲ | steveklabnik 5 hours ago | parent | next [-] | | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero_interest-rate_policy | |
| ▲ | NortySpock 5 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] | | "Zero" Interest Rate Period, during the COVID pandemic, where most governments offered very cheap bonds or printed money to reduce interest rates. This caused a lot of investment as money was "cheap" for investors and needed to find a worthwhile investment in order to grow faster than inflation. This caused a lot of money to be poured into all kinds of projects, not all of which had a positive return on investment. | | |
| ▲ | dragontamer 5 hours ago | parent | next [-] | | ZIRP goes back to 2010 actually, when interest rates dropped so much in an attempt to stop the great recession. | |
| ▲ | tancop 4 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] | | We should do it again but the right way this time. Give literal zero interest loans from a state bank based on social value and economic priorities, just like they do in China. And set up an extreme progressive tax (90% top bracket) on returns that are paid out to owners to make sure everything gets invested back into production. More investment is the driver of economic growth. All the bad parts of ZIRP came from letting companies use the money for unproductive activity. If it's used efficiently the downward pressure from higher product supply will be stronger than inflation from more money in the system. And you get more demand in the labor market leading to higher wages. | |
| ▲ | chris_j 5 hours ago | parent | prev [-] | | It wasn't COVID that kicked off ZIRP, it was the global financial crisis in 2008. |
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| ▲ | grahamedgecombe 5 hours ago | parent | prev [-] | | Zero interest rate policy |
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| ▲ | chimeracoder 5 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] |
| > SRE was always a lame job description and so was the entire "DevOps" movement we had to suffer through during ZIRP. Real ones are oncall for the systems they build. You're conflating a whole lot of different models here. In fact, "developers should be on call for the systems they build" is a principle that most schools of DevOps thought emphatically subscribe to. |
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| ▲ | hparadiz 5 hours ago | parent [-] | | Yea cause you wouldn't escalate to 50 people on the weekend when one person can do it. Op is basically saying they never worked on a big enough system. |
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| ▲ | InsidiousWombat 4 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] |
| I call that job SysOps - caring about systems and operation SRE just came from the big guys calling their sysadmins SRE |
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| ▲ | VirusNewbie 4 hours ago | parent [-] | | If you look at the history of SRE, it was distinctly NOT sysadmins, Google specifically wanted software engineers hired to automate scaling as well as sysadmin type ops work. |
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| ▲ | tayo42 5 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] |
| Sre seems to be disappearing anyway in favor of infrastructure and platform engineering. Which seems to just be kubernetes admin jobs using terraform. |
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| ▲ | 0x1F8B 5 hours ago | parent | next [-] | | Kubernetes is probably more responsible for deskilling, or at least constraining, the expertise, of SRE/devops/platform/infrastructure engineers than anything. I don't think that's a bad thing, it makes infrastructure more consistent and less weird (assuming you understand k8s) but it is a very high level of abstraction and for a bunch of people is just a black box. | |
| ▲ | rubiquity 5 hours ago | parent | prev [-] | | Continuing the never ending trend of Sys Admins/DevOps/SRE job title holders with skills in specific tools rather than foundational skills always wondering why they are out of a job every 5 years. | | |
| ▲ | everforward 4 hours ago | parent | next [-] | | That’s what companies hire for. I’ve learned those skills and no one ever really wants them. If you build tools with that context, they’ll have to replace you with someone that has that context. There’s few of them, and they’re expensive. It’s easier to hire folks that should be interns or juniors that know that one tool, and then replace the whole department every decade. It’s why everything is YAML now, despite it being horribly verbose and clunky. Can’t have our people needing to know how load balancing works, just add another 95 lines of YAML boilerplate so they don’t need to learn 5 lines of nginx config. | | |
| ▲ | JimBlackwood 4 hours ago | parent [-] | | I never understand this sentiment. I do SRE/DevOps/Platform Engineering/Infrastructure Engineering, and I definitely do need to know how underlying technologies work. Even when everything is kubernetes and YAML. If you run simple workloads, it’s probably not necessary but then you’ll probably be paid for that. Your company can also choose to outsource complexity to the cloud, and you’ll just be writing YAML. Then there’s also companies where you host everything yourself AND you have large/high workloads, then you still need people with understanding. With your type of comments, it feels like you’re pretending a developer who writes WordPress websites does the same work as someone doing Erlang for instance. You’ll have different skill sets for every type of engineer, and they’ll all be necessary. | | |
| ▲ | everforward 3 hours ago | parent [-] | | I also work in the space. I think you’d be surprised if you look at the younger (post-2000-ish) companies. Specifically about this part: > If you run simple workloads, it’s probably not necessary but then you’ll probably be paid for that. You would be surprised how many workloads either are simple, or can be ham-fistedly shoved into a “simple” architecture. Eg I’ve seen a lot of Postgres-on-k8s solutions that are basically just Postgres on bare metal with a bunch of useless abstractions. It writes to local disk, moving the pod to a new host is basically restoring from backup. Wrap it in some tool that ingests YAML and call it a day. k8s is sort of the king of this. I hear people say they understand k8s and I can’t help but furrow my eyebrows. I don’t even pretend to, there are so many insanely complicated edge cases. Eg if I’m sending UDP packets to a service and scale the deployment from 2 pods to 4 and the host for one of the new pods crashes and comes back up with a bad iptables rule, what are the range of potential behaviors k8s would show? What’s the difference between blocking say all traffic vs only traffic to one or two of the etcd instances? What if it’s blocking half the hosts in the cluster? Storage has its own weird vagaries around single vs multi mounts and race conditions therein. k8s is the king of “I don’t have to know that, the platform will do it”. I’m not sure I’ve ever heard anyone outside networking talk about whether a pod will saturate a NIC. Just chuck it in the cloud and let it figure itself out. |
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| ▲ | tayo42 4 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] | | That's reinforced by how hiring is done though. I rarely if ever run into companies that hire for fundamentals. Only the Google tier of companies do that. | |
| ▲ | spankalee 5 hours ago | parent | prev [-] | | You have no idea what you're talking about if that's what you think SREs are. |
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| ▲ | bijowo1676 5 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] |
| there is always infra/platform underneath the system, they are the SREs |
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| ▲ | hparadiz 5 hours ago | parent | prev [-] |
| That doesn't apply when your org is big. |