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mrngld 2 hours ago

When I used to fly in Florida in the 2005-2015ish timeframe, NOTAMs for GPS interference (it didn't say that exactly but that's what it meant) were an everyday occurrence along my path, it became boilerplate. I experienced it a few times. One moment the GPS thinks you're plodding along next to Ocala, next moment it thinks I've teleported a thousand miles away, and then it'd just quit.

But that's what we train for. That's why aircraft and pilots have redundancy to work around any single possible point of failure and why you practice it until it becomes natural. Because of the NOTAM I'd already have a VOR tuned in, and once the GPS went inop I just fine tuned it to get a radial fix on the VOR. Also tried to never lose my bearings with my MK I Eyeballs either. No big deal.

I feel bad for everyone that lost their lives here, but this is why competence is critical. There's a litany of errors the pilots made. And the article tries to pin a bit on the controller, but no, ultimate responsibility is on the pilot in command, FAR/AIM is clear on that.

If these allegedly instrument rated pilots had been properly drilled by their CFI's and properly grilled during reviews and such this should've been an easy flight.

Also, "just ask Kennedy". Wired bringing that into the conversation is perhaps relevant but not in the way I think they intended. JFK Jr lacked basic airmanship skills. His aircraft was 100% functional until the moment it impacted the ocean.

Some professions simply can't be go-along-to-get-along social clubs. Safety culture centered on competence and performance is key.

rbanffy 2 hours ago | parent | next [-]

I guess GPS jamming was not routine for them. Had they been aware of any NOTAM regarding GPS interference, they'd be prepared, and, like you said, would have VOR setup prior to leaving the ground.

SoftTalker a minute ago | parent | next [-]

If you area a pilot and can't handle GPS dropping out, or the failure of any other single navigation aid, you should not be flying.

PhaedrusV an hour ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Checking NOTAMs is important.

27183 an hour ago | parent | prev [-]

Systems fail for all kinds of reasons, if you're dependent on one SPOF without any backup, bad things will happen eventually. In aviation we're taught to think this way from the very beginning. Always have a spot picked out where you will attempt to land the airplane when (not if!) you lose your engine.

Even in the absence of GPS jamming, you can effectively lose GPS for all kinds of reasons in a plane--a connector failing somewhere on the back of your panel, a wire chafing through, etc. GPS is nice, but it's probably a lot less reliable in most light aircraft than the other options.

It's been 20yr since I've flown a plane, so maybe attitudes have changed, but my instructors always stressed the importance of always being able to fall back quickly and seamlessly to a paper chart, your watch, flight computer, and basic instruments. Because you will lose everything else at some point.

entrope an hour ago | parent [-]

I don't think attitudes have changed on that. The last PM on my current project (in aircraft navigation) was a pilot, and he always stressed that a pilot in charge should have alternatives planned for destination and means of navigation.

WSMR does enough GPS jamming that I'm surprised these pilots didn't have more experience with, or at least expectation of, it happening.

jatora 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Some of the replies you're getting are ridiculous lol. Anyways thanks for your insight.

ceejayoz an hour ago | parent [-]

HN threads on aviation are always a bit goofy to anyone who's actually flown a plane, yeah.

rootsudo an hour ago | parent | next [-]

Very much goofy, especially when people here try to extrapolate ground stop / AOG / IROPS. True armchair warrior without any competence.

the_af 34 minutes ago | parent [-]

I'd say this can be generalized: threads on HN are goofy about all the kinds of things HN readers and hackers are unfamiliar with but think they have the common sense to reason about.

This week I witnessed a similarly illogical argument between someone who thought they could argue about AI in movies and someone who actually works in the movie industry and has years of experience. The hacker was lecturing the movie person about why they were wrong about the future of the movie industry, with zero experience to back it up other than "I dabble in AI and watched some movies".

27183 22 minutes ago | parent [-]

Dunning-Kruger lives!

EA-3167 4 minutes ago | parent | prev | next [-]

HN threads are goofy for anyone with domain expertise in the domain being discussed, except for web development.

rdtsc an hour ago | parent | prev | next [-]

I never flew a plane just know enough that a visual approach means “visual” rules. Hitting a mountain at that point is hard to argue for blaming anyone else but the pilot error? Did I get it right?

gpm an hour ago | parent | next [-]

No, you didn't, because they apparently had instrument clearance from the tower at the time they crashed into the mountain.

The only correct conclusion here is more investigation is necessary than what has been publicly published.

rdtsc an hour ago | parent [-]

I read this in the preliminary report

https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/G...

> The flight crew again reported they “[have] a visual on Ruidoso” at 0008:30 and that they could “go visual.” The ARTCC controller subsequently cleared the flight to SRR, cleared the flight for a visual approach, and informed them they could cancel IFR in the air above 9,000 ft msl or they could cancel their clearance via the flight service station after landing.

So you’re pointing out that they requested VFR, got clearance for it but still were flying under IFR rules? Basically the transition to VFR hadn’t completed fully?

sokoloff an hour ago | parent | next [-]

A "visual approach" is an instrument flight rules operation. The flight was still IFR and had requested/been cleared for a visual approach, but had not switched to VFR (which they'd do by cancelling IFR).

When they accepted the visual approach, they took responsibility for navigation and terrain/obstacle clearance.

gpm an hour ago | parent | prev [-]

Yes... though I'd include the subsequent quote "and responded that they would cancel IFR “in just a couple of minutes.”"

Also someone is correctly pointing out to me downthread that a visual approach is technically an IFR procedure under IFR not VFR flight rules (the latter basically meaning you aren't using instruments at all). I'm assuming IFR in the summary is referring to the non-visual approach (rnav or ILS) but the preliminary report is I suppose ambiguous as to that.

theflyingelvis an hour ago | parent | prev [-]

Yes

streetfighter64 10 minutes ago | parent | prev [-]

Perhaps I'm being a bit reductive, but threads on anything that you're more well versed in than the average person, are evidently almost always goofy. It's called the "Gell-Mann Amnesia" effect.

colechristensen 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

[flagged]

jatora 2 hours ago | parent | next [-]

It's pretty clear they're laying out that this is pilot error, unlike the article's intent to blame parties other than the pilot. The poster is trying to correct that, from an obvious place of knowledge and experience most of us do not have, and isn't being rude about it either.

It's important to understand why things happen in order to prevent them, and to counter the narrative of the opinionated article. And if we should wait for the NTSB report, then so should the article.

treis 33 minutes ago | parent [-]

More than one thing can be true. Flying into the side of a mountain is an error by the pilot (obviously). It can also be true that if GPS wasn't being jammed it wouldn't have happened.

wat10000 22 minutes ago | parent [-]

“If X was different then Y wouldn’t have happened” is a useless way to evaluate things that leads one to blame a butterfly flapping its wings for causing a hurricane.

gpm 11 minutes ago | parent [-]

Not useless if you can identify and stop the butterflies that cause hurricanes.

wat10000 4 minutes ago | parent [-]

The point is that they don’t cause hurricanes, despite the fact that some hurricanes might not have happened if not for the flapping.

I can point to at least one fatal crash that wouldn’t have happened if GPS was unavailable. Would it be reasonable to say that crash was caused by a lack of GPS jamming?

rdtsc an hour ago | parent | prev | next [-]

> Wait for the NTSB report before replying, essentially "get gud"

The preliminary NTSB report points toward “get gud”. If you request a visual approach and then fly into a mountain getting “gud” will be at top of the list.

infecto 36 minutes ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Your post is overly critical, dismissive and rude.

raverbashing an hour ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Pilots complaining about automation: several

Pilots unable to fly with all the bells and whistles and getting their ass handed to them when anything falls out of the ordinary: too many

rootsudo an hour ago | parent [-]

Automation because of safety, latest recent example, Boeing MCAS, cost savings led to airliners crashing, pilots didn’t complain enough then nor had the proper safety because Boeing.

You are not supposed to need all the “bells and whistles” to fly, a plane is a plane and a pilot is in left seat meaning to fly the plane. There are checklists and minimum equipment lists that state what is possible and how to handle failures and control.

You can not automate that, yet.

2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]
[deleted]
1123581321 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

What do you expect might change between the preliminary and the final report?

gpm an hour ago | parent [-]

Well for one I would expect the final report to actually come to any sort of conclusion and not just transcribe the conversations between air traffic control and the plane, and the data recorded by the plane. The preliinary report doesn't support (or contradict) the judgment that the pilots just need to "get gud" at all - it doesn't make that sort of judgment at all.

For another I'd note that past investigations into accidents that at the surface were the pilot making a very bad decision have found a laundry list of underlying causes that need to be fixed. E.g. see Ontario Flight 1363 where the proximate cause was not de-icing a plane that clearly needed de-icing and the root causes after investigation were a whole lot of institutional issues.

And finally at a glance I note that the air traffic control tower appears to have approved this plane flying on instruments, a procedure only allowed when "local altimeter setting [is] received" - apparently referring to GPS. In doing so they had the military disable the jamming. The pilots appear to have communicated to the tower that they would be using that approval until further notice (notice that was anticipated in a couple of minutes). And that the tower apparently without informing the pilots appears to have approved restarting the GPS jamming... I'm not an expert but if I were asked to investigate this (a thing that non-experts are sometimes asked to do, e.g. with the aforementioned flight)... I suggest that this leads to obvious alternate theories of what went wrong such as instruments they had good cause to rely on silently misleading them.

sokoloff an hour ago | parent | next [-]

Your last paragraph confuses a few different things.

The aircraft was completely legal to fly under IFR during the en route phase. There is no requirement for a local altimeter setting for that; center can provide an area altimeter setting (and does so on every handoff).

The lack of a local altimeter setting precluded the use of the instrument approaches (the way you transition from en route phase to landing). Both of the instrument approaches are "when local altimeter setting not received, procedure NA". That equally applies to the RNAV(GPS) and ILS approaches.

That doesn't make filing or flying a flight plan to that airport under IFR NA; it just means that you have to either cancel IFR or fly a visual approach (which, despite the name, is an IFR procedure). Both are legal and commonly done; you can even file an IFR flight plan to an airport that doesn't even have a published approach or to a point in space that isn't even an airport.

When the pilot asked for a visual approach, they were taking on the obligation for navigating to the airport and for terrain and obstacle clearance.

Smaller item: KSRR is a non-towered airport. All the relevant ATC contact was with Albuquerque Center, not with a local tower controller. (If there was a local tower controller, they would almost certainly have been able to provide a local altimeter setting, making the instrument approaches fully available.)

ILS-24: https://aeronav.faa.gov/d-tpp/2607/06922IL24.PDF RNAV(GPS)-24: https://aeronav.faa.gov/d-tpp/2607/06922R24.PDF

gpm 43 minutes ago | parent [-]

Yeah, sure, you're right, and good point about non-towered.

Are you suggesting however that "The flight crew acknowledged the clearance and responded that they would cancel IFR “in just a couple of minutes.”" meant the crew was informing the tower that they would transition to VFR? That seems... unlikely. I'm reading the paraphrasing here as towards declining to cancel the ILS approach they previously requested because it doesn't particularly make sense to me otherwise.

Which is really back to "this preliminary report doesn't, and doesn't even attempt to, assign blame or contain sufficient facts to do so".

sokoloff 32 minutes ago | parent [-]

(Per other comments, a visual approach is still an IFR operation; they were still IFR, but flying a visual approach.)

It's very common to cancel IFR in the air, especially for late night operations to non-towered airports. (At an airport with an operating tower, they will close your IFR flight when you land.) At a non-towered airport, you have to either call on the phone or use a radio relay to close your flight plan, which can be a pain, so in benign conditions it's very common to cancel IFR in the air where you have line of sight [meaning good comms] to the ARTCC radio transceiver and avoid the hassle of bad cell phone coverage and/or no radio contact possible on the ground. (There is no radio relay at Ruidoso; the nearest RCAG is at Roswell, 50+ nm away with terrain in between.)

ZAB ARTCC's transmission that "they could cancel IFR in the air above 9,000 ft msl" tells the crew "once you get below 9000 MSL, you probably won't be able to talk to us on the radio".

When the crew said "we'll cancel IFR in a couple minutes", that's also common. It means "we're going to stay IFR and fly the visual until we're a little closer and landing is reasonably assured."

wat10000 21 minutes ago | parent | prev [-]

> a procedure only allowed when "local altimeter setting [is] received" - apparently referring to GPS

Ok, please just stop. A certain minimum level of knowledge is necessary to discuss these things and you don’t have it.

SecretDreams 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

I agree with your perspective re: the tone of the OP. But they hold a perspective that we should also give credence towards.

Your main point is the most valid - wait for the final report. But you should be saying the same to the article as written.

Prelim report: https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/G...

Out of my scope to infer.

stefan_ 2 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

Maybe you are just aren't aware that military GPS jamming is extremely routine around the US. It affects airplanes more than cars because the curvature of the earth can not help you and at typical flight altitudes you have easy line of sight to the jammer.

malfist 2 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

[flagged]

sokoloff 2 hours ago | parent | next [-]

The pilot is literally the one who holds most of the blame here.

This is a pilot-error accident. They flew a perfectly functioning airplane into rising terrain on a visual approach.

The pilot requested, and was cleared for, a visual approach. Among other things that that imposes upon on the pilot is an obligation to maintain visual contact with the airport (or the preceding aircraft to follow, not applicable here) and to maintain terrain and obstacle clearance.

The primary probable cause will be found to be something like "The pilot’s failure to maintain clearance from terrain while on visual approach." with additional notes of "Contributing to the accident were the dark moonless night, the NOTAM'd unreliability of GPS signal in the area which required the crew to revert to other navigation methods, and the pilot's decision to fly an unaided visual approach rather than flying the ILS instrument approach track."

The passengers were blameless, but the flight crew was not.

jatora 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

You're not sure? It's pretty clear they're laying out that this is pilot error, unlike the article's intent to blame parties other than the pilot. The poster is trying to correct that, from an obvious place of knowledge and experience most of us do not have, and isn't being rude about it either.

It's important to understand why things happen in order to prevent them.

ChrisMarshallNY 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

The Darwin Awards site[0] is full of "victims" that were 100% responsible for their own deaths.

> If any of yer ancestor's last words were "Hey, ya'll! Look at this!", then you jest might be a redneck.

- Jeff Foxworthy

[0] https://darwinawards.com

ceejayoz 2 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

Is it not possible for a victim of something to carry some blame for the situation they're in?

Is it inappropriate to discuss why Mussolini got lynched?

Flying with GPS out is something a pilot should know how to do. Jamming isn't the only failure mode; much more mundane mechanical/electrical issues occur all the time.