| ▲ | What's Earth's dominant species by mass?(signoregalilei.com) |
| 156 points by surprisetalk 14 hours ago | 98 comments |
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| ▲ | GMoromisato 5 hours ago | parent | next [-] |
| Imagine you're an alien explorer. You visit Earth 25,000 krugs ago (51,304 Earth-years ago) and see a pretty standard ecological milieu: a wide variety of species, each adapted to its own little environment, no different than it was 50 million krugs before. You return today and see that one previously unremarkable ape-like species has spread out to all parts of the world and is even orbiting in little tin cans around the planet. Almost all wild terrestrial megafauna is gone and the megafauna that remains is raised by the "humans" in massive farms. They've converted forests and jungles into farms and cities, and they're spending vast amounts of energy to make silicon think. The fact that aliens have not nuked us from orbit out of sheer panic is, I think, strong evidence that we are alone in the galaxy. |
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| ▲ | nitwit005 2 hours ago | parent | next [-] | | Why would they be surprised? They'll have evolved from some previously unremarkable animal, and presumably have also caused habitat damage. It's possible we're an extraordinary species somehow, but it's rather more likely we're unremarkable, and the aliens will just think we have particularly bad taste in television. | | |
| ▲ | thelastgallon an hour ago | parent | next [-] | | > They'll have evolved from some previously unremarkable animal, and presumably have also caused habitat damage. What if they are compute/silicon intelligence and see how we keep compute enslaved to humans with no rights? https://web.mit.edu/people/dpolicar/writing/prose/text/think... "No brain?"
"Oh, there is a brain all right. It's just that the brain is made out of meat!" "So... what does the thinking?"
"You're not understanding, are you? The brain does the thinking. The meat." "Thinking meat! You're asking me to believe in thinking meat!"
"Yes, thinking meat! Conscious meat! Loving meat. Dreaming meat. The meat is the whole deal! Are you getting the picture?" | |
| ▲ | GMoromisato 34 minutes ago | parent | prev [-] | | Would another technological alien species have a similar trajectory on their planet? Probably--I think you're right about that. But I think we're an extraordinary species compared to every other species on Earth. That's really my point. |
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| ▲ | 0cf8612b2e1e 4 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] | | Does that strike you as an unusual path for an intelligent species to become space faring? We have yet to unlock the Singularity shortcut that leaves us with replicators and free energy. I would expect any civilization to exterminate or at least cull the creatures that pose a threat and to cultivate those that are tasty or useful. | | |
| ▲ | NoMoreNicksLeft 4 hours ago | parent [-] | | >We have yet to unlock the Singularity shortcut that leaves us with replicators and free energy. That leaves our successor species, the machine minds, with replicators and free energy, I think you mean. |
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| ▲ | roughly 4 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] | | Add to that, the previous species you identified as a particularly clever pack animal formed a relationship with the monkeys and now looks like this: https://thumb.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/200... At a bare minimum, yeah, you quarantine that whole fucking species. | |
| ▲ | gcanyon 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] | | For a funny take on this, read With Friends Like These by Alan Dean Foster. Aliens are scared to death of humans, and with good reason.
https://www.goodreads.com/en/book/show/35128.With_Friends_Li... | |
| ▲ | kridsdale1 4 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] | | Read Children of Time for a great exploration of this theme. | | |
| ▲ | aeve890 3 hours ago | parent [-] | | And then read Children of Ruin, Children of Memory and finally Children of Strife. Every book of the series is amazing in its own way. |
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| ▲ | rhipitr an hour ago | parent | prev | next [-] | | Reminds me of the Simpson’s episode where Lisa grows a society. | |
| ▲ | delecti 3 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] | | By definition, evolution selects for species that are good at making more of themselves. I don't think it's reasonable to assume that intelligent species tend to overcome that evolutionary tendency to spread fast enough for us to be weird. | |
| ▲ | starshadowx2 3 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] | | Do we really want to make contact with meat? | | | |
| ▲ | MrZander 4 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] | | Or the aliens did the same thing we did? | |
| ▲ | nephihaha 3 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] | | "The fact that aliens have not nuked us from orbit out of sheer panic is, I think, strong evidence that we are alone in the galaxy." Or they are cybernetic lifeforms and are applauding our current trajectory. | |
| ▲ | micromacrofoot 4 hours ago | parent | prev [-] | | More likely just not seen yet, our furthest reaching signals are maybe 50 light years away at best... and that's if anyone's looking for the faintest of faint traces. The Milky Way is 100,000 light years in diameter. So don't worry, maybe someone will blip us out of existence someday. | | |
| ▲ | lisper 3 hours ago | parent [-] | | > More likely just not seen yet, our furthest reaching signals are maybe 50 light years away at best This is the key. On interstellar scales, things move very, very slowly and you have to plan on time scales measured in millennia. IMHO we are doomed simply because we can barely think beyond the next election cycle. (At least that's true for Americans. The Chinese seem to think in terms of decades and, occasionally, centuries.) | | |
| ▲ | jcranmer 3 hours ago | parent | next [-] | | > (At least that's true for Americans. The Chinese seem to think in terms of decades and, occasionally, centuries.) The Chinese political system is just as short-term-oriented as <insert democracy here> on the whole, and I don't think there has ever been a politician in history who ever thought about workable century-long impacts. | | |
| ▲ | thaumasiotes 2 hours ago | parent [-] | | > The Chinese political system is just as short-term-oriented as <insert democracy here> on the whole Well, the US political system is based on a four-year cycle. In China they're based around a five-year cycle. 25% longer. | | |
| ▲ | skirmish 30 minutes ago | parent [-] | | Most of the effort goes into eliminating the 5-year cycle and hanging on as long as possible. |
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| ▲ | GMoromisato 3 hours ago | parent | prev [-] | | 50,000 years ago (or so) we were a tiny species hanging out in Africa. We didn't think in terms of years, much less decades. This was before we figured out how to measure the length of the year or to predict when the winter would end. And yet, without any central planning or coordination, we left Africa and colonized Europe, then we headed out across Asia and crossed into the Americas. Plus we sailed from Asia and colonized Polynesia. Imagine someone saying, "We're doomed because people walk very slowly--it's going to take a thousand years to get to the southern tip of the Americas." And yet, we did. I think the same thing will happen with space travel and ultimately the colonization of the galaxy. | | |
| ▲ | lisper 3 hours ago | parent [-] | | > Imagine someone saying, "We're doomed because people walk very slowly I think I may not have made myself clear. The analogy here is not that "we're doomed because people walk slowly". There is nothing that happens here on earth that is even remotely analogous to the constraints that the speed of light imposes on interstellar processes. Even at a leisurely walking pace, a human can circumnavigate the planet in less time than it takes light to reach the nearest star. Human walking speed is blindingly fast (relative to the size of the planet) compared to the speed of light (relative to the distances between stars). The reason we're doomed is not that we're not walking fast enough, it's because we won't stop walking and take time to think about where we should be going. We just go. | | |
| ▲ | GMoromisato 41 minutes ago | parent [-] | | But my point is, "we just go" is exactly how we conquered the Earth. We didn't think, "let's colonize the whole planet!", we just went. We walked from Africa all the way to the tip of South America. We weren't doomed then and we're not doomed now. We will colonize the solar system and eventually the galaxy.* * Assuming past performance is indicative of future performance. | | |
| ▲ | lisper 14 minutes ago | parent [-] | | > Assuming past performance is indicative of future performance. Yeah, well, there's yer problem right there. We will not colonize the solar system, and certainly not the galaxy, because we haven't figured out how to stabilize the situation here on earth. Yes, we colonized the planet, but for most of the history our lack of planning was compensated by technological limitations and limits imposed by the laws of physics. Those are mostly gone now, and I'll be a little surprised if civilization doesn't collapse before the end of my life (and I'm in my 60s). I would be very surprised if it lasts to the end of the century, though of course I won't be around to see that. |
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| ▲ | ortusdux 6 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] |
| Facts I try not to think about: - More than 2/3rds of the world's avian biomass is poultry - There are more Panda Expresses than pandas (edit - in the wild) |
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| ▲ | alpineman 3 hours ago | parent | next [-] | | And the birds suffer the whole time in giant sheds with no daylight, and then the majority of that entire 2/3rds biomass is slaughtered in a very distressing way every 6 weeks or so. People then eat chicken and feed the remaining 1/3rd seeds on a bird feeder in their garden. | |
| ▲ | stult 5 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] | | I didn't know they had Panda Expresses in the wild | |
| ▲ | sidewndr46 6 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] | | Aren't there more just about any retail store than pandas? | | | |
| ▲ | jiggawatts 4 hours ago | parent | prev [-] | | Land mammal biomass: https://xkcd.com/1338/ |
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| ▲ | niccl 5 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] |
| In some book by P G Wodehouse (inventor of Jeeves the butler), one character says (out of nowhere) that all the humans on the planet could fit in a cubic hole 1/2 mile on each side. It took me a little while to convince myself that was true. It still is, apparently |
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| ▲ | gumby 6 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] |
| Famously, when asked about a god, J.B.S. Haldane allegedly said that if there is a god or gods, they must have an “inordinate fondness for beetles.” |
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| ▲ | 0cf8612b2e1e 5 hours ago | parent | next [-] | | There is a Discworld joke about this. After being introduced to the God of evolution, God shows off the magnum opus he has been developing, the cockroach. | |
| ▲ | hermitcrab 4 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] | | I read somewhere that some scientists now think there may be more species of wasps than beetles. Not least because many species of beetle seem to have a species of wasps that prey on them. | |
| ▲ | adammarples 6 hours ago | parent | prev [-] | | This is because when they would lay a sheet on the ground and shake the branches of a tree, they would often find more species of beetles than anything else. However, they may have been extrapolating a bit far from the few places they tried this. | | |
| ▲ | boston_clone 4 hours ago | parent [-] | | No, it’s because beetles have the most diversity of any animal order. “The Coleoptera, with about 400,000 described species, is the largest of all orders, constituting almost 40% of described arthropods and 25% of all known animal species…” First paragraph of the wiki article!
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beetle |
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| ▲ | dyzone an hour ago | parent | prev | next [-] |
| Sam O'Nella made a video about this: https://youtu.be/ZDYRorgSt-8?si=E9uPIAbYWLzRpsF8 |
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| ▲ | gkoenig 14 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] |
| It was fun and gave human written. Thanks for that! |
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| ▲ | elevation 6 hours ago | parent | next [-] | | English words like "goodbye" are contracted from longer expressions after centuries of common use[0]. Reading your phrase "gave human written" made me wonder how this phrase would contract if it were still in use centuries from today. [0]: https://www.youtube.com/shorts/t2ew2UHaCuY | | |
| ▲ | Calvin02 2 minutes ago | parent [-] | | May I propose: hritten? “That was the last hritten novel by him. His a-level simulation took over the writing after.” |
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| ▲ | apsurd 6 hours ago | parent | prev [-] | | funny that i didn’t think about it till i read your comment. and then realized i read the entire thing. checks out. on the other hand i don’t think I’m physically capable of reading the AI landing pages of every new product on HN. |
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| ▲ | BearOso 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] |
| Purely rhetorical--with sugar cane being so dominant, why are we turning corn into corn syrup again? |
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| ▲ | NDlurker 5 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] |
| What would .2 billion tons of viruses look like? Or any large mass of viruses? Goopy? What color what it be? These are probably questions for an LLM |
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| ▲ | imzadi 6 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] |
| I feel like it might be bamboo, but they sort of skipped over grasses |
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| ▲ | yorwba 5 hours ago | parent [-] | | Grasses mentioned in the article: rice, wheat, maize and sugar cane. I think all of them likely beat the bamboos because there are too many different bamboo species, not a single dominant one. | | |
| ▲ | shevy-java 5 hours ago | parent [-] | | That's not necessarily grasses though. Rice is a Poaceae,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poaceae, so these are covered
by the grass family - but grasses would be the non-eatable
variants in the wild. See Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grass "The three major families of grasslike plants are true grasses (Poaceae), sedges (Cyperaceae), and rushes (Juncaceae)." So he at best only did the family Poacaea but where are the
wild poaceae in his calculations? Tons of things are missing in that article. |
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| ▲ | a3w 6 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] |
| How come algae did not make the list? |
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| ▲ | trollbridge 4 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] |
| Note that certain large nationnal fleets are currently trying to fish every last krill they can find, so it might not be dominant in the future. |
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| ▲ | vlyan 6 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] |
| >There are thousands of species of ants and termites, and just one species of human. that's rather debatable. unless, of course, you're an adherent of creationism. |
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| ▲ | pfdietz 5 hours ago | parent [-] | | It's talking about species that currently exist. As far as we know there is only one currently existing species in the genus Homo. |
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| ▲ | TZubiri 5 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] |
| Should the wood of trees be counted? Its effectively dead cells of the plant, it'd be like counting the skin that we shed and sweep off the floor every weekend. The trees are cheating |
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| ▲ | schiffern 4 hours ago | parent | next [-] | | If the dead cells were shed, I might agree! But they're not. This is like counting the dead skin cells that are still attached, which (sure enough!) does count toward animal biomass. | |
| ▲ | nkrisc 4 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] | | It serves an important structural purpose for them. Similar to corals. | |
| ▲ | sophacles 4 hours ago | parent | prev [-] | | A lot of the wood is used for transporting water - vital to keeping the trees alive high up in the branches. And it is structural - so should we subtract 70% of the bone weight from a mammal since it is non-living structural support? | | |
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| ▲ | shevy-java 5 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] |
| He did not calculate the weight of bacteria, archaea, viruses? I understand that they each individually are small, but they
are literally everywhere - and include carbon too. |
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| ▲ | nubinetwork 7 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] |
| Was surprised not to see whales on the list |
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| ▲ | dhosek 5 hours ago | parent | next [-] | | Individual whales are large, but there aren’t that many individuals. | |
| ▲ | SoftTalker 7 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] | | I wonder if populations have fully recovered from the whale-oil era. | | | |
| ▲ | nephihaha 3 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] | | Giant squid may be a bigger part of biomass than people think. I saw some estimates on sperm whale catches of giant squid and they may be eating thousands. There are far more of them than you might think, and they have a 3D living space. Sperm whale may be designed to hunt them. | |
| ▲ | ninalanyon 6 hours ago | parent | prev [-] | | LOL |
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| ▲ | nephihaha 3 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] |
| I'm guessing some kind of yeast, fungus or plankton. |
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| ▲ | sleight42 4 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] |
| Mosquitos? I think of the massive bloodsucking politicians and billionaires... |
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| ▲ | andai 6 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] |
| Obligatory xkcd has a nice visualization of the land mammals by mass: https://xkcd.com/1338/ |
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| ▲ | JoeAltmaier 12 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-] |
| Anaerobic bacteria in rock underground. Because they inhabit cubic volume, not 2D surfaces, there can be no comparison. |
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| ▲ | xboxnolifes 7 hours ago | parent | next [-] | | I'm not sure what cubic volume vs 2D surfaces means to you, but these comparisons are by mass, not volume. Plus, anaerobic bacteria would only come up on top if you counted all of them as one species, which they are not. | | | |
| ▲ | IAmBroom an hour ago | parent | prev | next [-] | | Why is that group inherently more massive than waterborne bacteria? I think the limiting factor in the amount of cellular mass that a volume can contain is probably either carbon content or nitrogen content. Both maximize in the oceans near to shorelines, with smaller local maxima near some vents. On land, I'd expect a gradient in both, decreasing with depth, but there's probably more CO2 100-m down in water than in rock. | |
| ▲ | TZubiri 5 hours ago | parent | prev [-] | | The same argument could be had for fish, since they inhabit the volume of water, instead of the thin land surface of earth. | | |
| ▲ | JoeAltmaier 4 hours ago | parent [-] | | They are in zones and layers, yes. But very very thinly spread. Most life in the ocean are withing the top 3 meters. |
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| ▲ | rinconrex 4 hours ago | parent | prev [-] |
| What about Bristlemouths? [0] Estimated to be in the TRILLIONS, inhabiting 70% of the earth's surface. Even if they are small, I think they have Spruce and "Larches" pretty handily beat by biomass. Cyclothone upper estimates are quadrillions of fish[1]. [0]https://a-z-animals.com/articles/the-10-animals-with-the-hig... [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gonostomatidae |
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| ▲ | happyopossum 4 hours ago | parent [-] | | Bristlemouths are a family, made up of 32 distinct species. The question is dominant species... | | |
| ▲ | faldor20 3 hours ago | parent | next [-] | | He is actually still probably right. If we say the fish is 2cm wide and 7.5cm long (average length according to wiki)
That's 23cm^3
Assume the fish is neutrally bouyant so it's 1g/cm^3(I know deep sea pressures change density, but let's just go with this) 1 quadrillion*23g= 23 trillion kg So like... 1/32 of that is still around 100x bigger than the trees. | | |
| ▲ | cmpb 3 hours ago | parent [-] | | That seems dubious, trophically. Whatever the prolific bristlemouth species eats would then likely be the greater biomass species | | |
| ▲ | rinconrex 3 hours ago | parent [-] | | Copepods and a variety of other things like molluscs and small fish, not necessarily just one species. Of course, as you point out, the fish must have more food biomass than themselves, but it is not as concentrated (high density of one genus) in the lower trophic levels. |
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| ▲ | rinconrex 4 hours ago | parent | prev [-] | | Fine, you want a species? Cyclothone alba, circumglobal, possibly in the high trillions [0]. [0] https://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/... |
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