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roger_ 2 days ago

An aside: please use proper capitalization. With this article I found myself backtracking thinking I’d missed a word, which was very annoying. Not sure what the authors intention was with that decision but please reconsider.

1dom 2 days ago | parent | next [-]

I agree.

I'm all for Graham's pyramid of disagreement: we should focus on the core argument, rather than superfluous things like tone, or character, or capitalisation.

But this is too much for me personally. I just realised I consider the complete lack of capitalisation on a piece of public intellectual work to be obnoxious. Sorry, it's impractical, distracting and generates unnecessary cognitive load for everyone else.

You're the top comment right now, and it's not about the content of the article at all, which is a real shame. All the wasted thought cycles across so many people :(

treetalker 2 days ago | parent | next [-]

Graham's Hierarchy, in "How to Disagree": https://paulgraham.com/disagree.html

MrMcCall a day ago | parent [-]

Yeah, people should wake up to what people are really saying.

Gormo 13 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Capitalization and punctuation are to written language what pronunciation and stress are to spoken language. If someone was mispronouncing every word, using incorrect vowels, stressing the wrong syllables, etc., you'd have a really hard time understanding anything they're saying. Writing with incorrect punctuation and capitalization impedes comprehension in the same way.

jiggawatts 2 days ago | parent | prev [-]

It's a fad associated with AI, popularised by Sam Altman especially.

It's the new black turtleneck that everyone is wearing, but will swear upon their mother's life isn't because they're copying Steve Jobs.

meowface 2 days ago | parent | next [-]

Twitter and all forms of instant messaging (SMS, WhatsApp, Discord, and the older ones like AIM/MSN/ICQ) have normalized it for many years. Sam is just one of the few large company CEOs to tweet in the style other Twitter users usually use. He's adopting the native culture rather than setting a trend.

Sam still uses capitalization in all of his essays, as do most people (including young people). In essays, like this one, it's distracting without it. I predict in 10 years the vast majority of people will all-lowercase on places like Twitter but almost no one will do it for essays.

Izkata 2 days ago | parent | next [-]

> Twitter and all forms of instant messaging (SMS, WhatsApp, Discord, and the older ones like AIM/MSN/ICQ) have normalized it for many years.

Half true. In SMS it was just easier, but in IM it mostly was a thing because the IM client's message boundaries acted as markers for beginning/end of sentence, making the formatting unnecessary. That's why using correct capitalization and periods for single sentences came to be associated with a more formal/serious tone, it was unnecessary so including it meant you wanted to emphasize it.

Even back then we'd use regular formatting outside of IM or when sending multiple sentences in a single message.

> He's adopting the native culture rather than setting a trend.

If this was the intent, it's really coming off as that "Hello, fellow kids" meme, rather than genuine.

Gormo 13 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

> He's adopting the native culture rather than setting a trend.

Maybe he should consider there are different registers of language, and code-switching is a thing. This now increasingly applies to written language, not just spoken language.

Writing this way in structured, formal discourse would be equivalent to a CEO using internet memes and trendy slang in board meetings.

tabony 2 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Look at AOL Instant Messenger in 1999 and this is how everyone in school wrote.

Guess what… the people who used AIM in 1999 are now middle aged…

renewiltord 2 days ago | parent [-]

the article has lots of caps it’s a branding and stylistic choice very e e cummings and so on not everyone likes it but clearly the author sees some utility in using caps since they name papers appropriately they also say “UPDATE” in all caps

tdeck a day ago | parent | prev | next [-]

It's 2025 and my phone has been automatically capitalizing the first letter of each sentence for about a decade. Doesn't it take more effort to do it the wrong way?

meowface a day ago | parent [-]

I and most others I talk to disable autocapitalization on our phones. First thing I do when I get a new phone.

llm_nerd 2 days ago | parent | prev [-]

>Sam is just one of the few large company CEOs to tweet in the style other Twitter users usually use.

Just looked at the algorithmic feed on Twitter to makes sure trends haven't shifted overnight, and zero people in that sample of hundreds of tweets used all lower case in the tweets. Not in science. Not in AI. Not in maths or politics or entertainment or media.

Sam is trying to bE dIFFERENT. He isn't adopting a norm but instead he's trying to make one. It looks ridiculous.

meowface 2 days ago | parent | next [-]

Most people on my feed do. It's true that professionals, executives, and public intellectuals generally don't use lowercase and that Sam is trying to normalize that, but my main point was that the medium matters. Lowercase looks ridiculous for longform essays and normal for short messages and microblog posts.

albedoa 2 days ago | parent | prev [-]

> Not in science. Not in AI. Not in maths or politics or entertainment or media.

That is the professional Twitter class and is not at all representative of the norm. Click through to the replies. Sentence case is probably in the vast minority.

I promise you that it is neither a fad nor started with the AI bro.

jiggawatts 2 days ago | parent [-]

Black turtlenecks existed before Steve Jobs wore them.

albedoa a day ago | parent | next [-]

Nobody is arguing that Sam Altman doesn't type in lowercase or that Steve Jobs didn't wear black turtlenecks.

albedoa 18 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

Oh you are the one who made the original claim lmao. What would it take for you to ever admit that you are wrong?

bowsamic 2 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Well at least it makes it easy to know who to avoid

msikora 2 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

That is so incredibly dumb. I can get it in a tweet, but please, please, please properly capitalize in anything longer than a few words!

4ggr0 2 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

i don't want to press the shift-key everytime i need a capitalized letter on my phone and i disable auto-correct because it constantly messes with native languages etc.

wasn't aware that this makes me a steve jobs copier :(

EDIT: people are seriously so emotionally invested in capitalization that i get downvoted into minus, jeez.

marssaxman 2 days ago | parent | next [-]

When you consciously choose to save yourself effort in writing, at the expense of the readers who are trying to make sense of what you are saying, the people onto whom you've transferred the cognitive load are not likely to appreciate your laziness.

4ggr0 20 hours ago | parent [-]

your comment contains one, single, capitalized letter. if the first W in your comment would have been small, would that have made your comment so much harder to read?

does it make my comment so hard to read just because i don't start my sentences with big letters and don't capitalize myself(i)? really don't get the fuzz.

of course i capitalize letters in "official" texts, but we're in a comment section.

i find it doubly funny because english doesn't capitalize lots of things, anyways.

1dom 16 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Hey, sorry! I don't want you to feel bad, and I don't think you should.

I think there are legitimate reasons to struggle with things like capital letters, and you've named a few: non-native language and interface device limitations. There's other accessibility reasons too, like I have some dyslexic family members who use less capitalisation than most. Also, direct or casual communication with individuals, the impact of the extra cognitive load is minimal - 1 or 2 people - so again, no real issue.

The problem I have with this piece is that it's clearly meant to be an intellectual or academic-adjacent piece, and it's clearly meant to be public/read by many people - that's why we're reading it on Hackernews. The author is not putting in the extra few seconds required to fix the problem when writing, and as a result, many thousands of people lose a few seconds each when reading. I feel there must be a point where the cost of the extra reading time to humanity outweighs the benefits of the intellectual contribution - I can't really tell because even if I overlook the capitalisation, I'm not smart enough to understand it anyway.

tomsmeding 2 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

For completeness: I also disable all autocorrect/autocomplete on mobile because it's more trouble than it's worth, but I leave auto-capitalisation on. This is a thing, they're independent settings.

4ggr0 20 hours ago | parent [-]

i absolutely HATE every automated keyboard-"helper", ever.

type in multiple languages constantly and all of these helpers constantly default to english usage. plus it would be weird to me if every sentence starts with a capital letter but the rest is left as it is. seems like such an arbitrary solution.

bowsamic 2 days ago | parent | prev [-]

> EDIT: people are seriously so emotionally invested in capitalization that i get downvoted into minus, jeez.

I find it weird that you would be surprised that people care about the quality of textual communication

4ggr0 20 hours ago | parent [-]

maybe because i use downvotes differently than others. downvote for me means, that someone either outright lies, is very disrespectful or adds nothing to the discussion.

i don't see it as a "i don't agree with this comment"-button. opinions differ, i guess :)

yapyap 2 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

[dead]

alchemist1e9 2 days ago | parent | prev [-]

> It's a fad associated with AI, popularised by Sam Altman especially.

I know this is true but does anyone understand why they do it? It is actually cognitively disruptive when reading content because many of us are trained to simultaneously proof read while reading.

So I also consider it a type of cognitive attack vector and it annoys me extremely as well.

nomel 2 days ago | parent | next [-]

It's not true at all. It was very common, nearly norm in all online communication until phones started auto correcting with capitalization. You could always tell who was a mac/phone user by their use of capitalization. Sam is older than when that happened. He almost certainly spent the majority of his online life typing in lowercase, as I did. Go look at any old IRC chat log, forum, etc from his era.

2 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]
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saghm 2 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

The sibling comment to yours mentions that this is pretty common on Twitter, and I'd guess that it started as a way to making firing off tweets from a phone easier (since the extra effort to hit shift when typing on a phone keyboard is a bit higher, and the additional effort to go back and fix any typos that happen due to trying to capitalize things is also higher compared to using a traditional keyboard). Once enough people were doing it there, the style probably became recognizable and evoked a certain "vibe" that people wanted to replicate elsewhere, including in places where the original context of "hitting the shift key is more work than it's worth" doesn't hold as well.

bowsamic 2 days ago | parent [-]

> since the extra effort to hit shift when typing on a phone keyboard is a bit higher, and the additional effort to go back and fix any typos that happen due to trying to capitalize things is also higher compared to using a traditional keyboard

I'm a bit confused about this. Do people turn off auto capitalisation on their phones? I very rarely have to press shift on my phone

meowface 2 days ago | parent | next [-]

I and everyone I know turns it off. On many platforms and in many cultures, capitalization often implies Solemness or even rudeness in 1-on-1 conversations, and otherwise comes across as being out of touch in other kinds of communication.

alchemist1e9 a day ago | parent | next [-]

Wow then I guess everyone finds me very rude. I capitalize, use correct grammar and spelling to the best of my ability in text messages just like any written communication. I find it rude when people don’t as I interpret it as they don’t even care enough about our communication to take the small effort to make their writing easy to comprehend and understand!

bowsamic 2 days ago | parent | prev [-]

I’ve never encountered anyone turning it off. I avoid socialising with people who think it’s rude to use capitalisation.

Izkata a day ago | parent [-]

It's not directly rude, it's more like a serious tone of voice. But it only works like that when used unnecessarily, like in chat or IM where the message boundary styling doubles as a sentence boundary.

Using the chat/IM style outside of that context just doesn't work and looks really odd, like it's obviously someone who didn't learn those norms and is now mimicking them without understanding them.

bowsamic a day ago | parent [-]

I only communicate seriously

Izkata 18 hours ago | parent [-]

That's different from a "serious tone of voice" though. Think like the way a parent might start talking to their kid when they're angry but not yelling, with something like "You better get home right now."

Or another example: "Call me" is a just a regular "let's chat about something", but "Call me." is "something bad happened I need to tell you about, so prepare yourself".

Interestingly, you're actually partially doing what I described on 2 of your 3 messages in this chain - you left out the last period because HN formatting makes it obvious where the sentence ends. So even if this norm did apply here (it doesn't really), you're not using the serious tone of voice.

1dom 16 hours ago | parent [-]

This is interesting. I didn't realise so many people disable it. A lot of what you're saying is completely backwards to my life experience.

For me and I guess most people I communicate with on e.g. Whatsapp. "Call me." is normal, expected, everything is fine, just need a phone call. "call me" is more like something has gone so horribly wrong (or someone is so incredibly pissed off) they've lost the ability to communicate normally. I wouldn't be offended, more like concerned.

saghm 2 days ago | parent | prev [-]

I hadn't considered that. My best guess is that it was originally an intentional decision based on consistency with nouns that people might have mid-sentence that they can't rely on autocorrect to capitalize properly.

andai 2 days ago | parent | prev [-]

>So I also consider it a type of cognitive attack vector

What does this mean?

alchemist1e9 a day ago | parent [-]

I mean it seems very intentional and a passive aggressive technique to make the read feel disoriented while reading the content.

I can literally feel it assaulting my reading speed.

omoikane 2 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

This looks like a personal blog post, in a blog where the author have avoided capitalization fairly consistently. The blog post was likely not meant to be a research paper, and reading it as a research paper is probably setting the wrong expectations.

If people wanted to read formal-looking formatted text, the author has linked to one in the second paragraph:

https://arxiv.org/abs/1511.07916 - Natural Language Understanding with Distributed Representation

PhilippGille 2 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

https://www.theguardian.com/society/2025/feb/18/death-of-cap...

bowsamic 2 days ago | parent [-]

Well I will fight this trend to the death. Thankfully I don't like to surround myself with philistines

meowface 2 days ago | parent [-]

The war is already over.

I 100% agree lowercase in longform essays is ridiculous, but I think for everything aside from essays, articles, papers, long emails, and some percentage of multi-paragraph site comments, lowercase is absolutely going to be the default online in 20 years.

marssaxman 2 days ago | parent | next [-]

So "everything that matters will continue to be written normally, but throwaway chatter will be written casually, where the specific features connoting casualness are a matter of ever-changing fashion"? Thinking back on '90s-era IRC chats, I suppose it was ever thus.

bowsamic 2 days ago | parent | prev [-]

> for everything aside from essays, articles, papers, long emails, and some percentage of multi-paragraph site comment

That’s already the only stuff worth reading and always has been. No loss then

handsclean 2 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

This is the norm for Gen Z. We don’t see it because children don’t set social norms where adults are present too, but with the oldest of Gen Z about to turn 30, you and I should expect to see this more and more, and get used to it. If every kid can handle it, I think we can, too.

Gormo 13 hours ago | parent | next [-]

Kids also pee in their pants at a rate vastly exceeding that of adults, but they usually stop doing it before they hit 30.

aidenn0 2 days ago | parent | prev [-]

It doesn't change the point of your comment necessarily, but as far as TFA goes, the author was teaching a University course in 2015, so is highly unlikely to be Gen Z.

timdellinger 2 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

an opinion, and a falsifiable hypothesis:

call me old-fasahioned, but two spaces after a period will solve this problem if people insist on all-lower-case. this also helps distinguish between abbreviations such as st. martin's and the ends of sentences.

i'll bet that the linguistics experimentalists have metrics that quantify reading speed measurements as determined by eye tracking experiments, and can verify this.

fc417fc802 2 days ago | parent | next [-]

( do away with both capitalization and periods ( use tabs to separate sentences ( problem solved [( i'm only kind of joking here ( i actually think that would work pretty well ))] )))

( or alternatively use nested sexp to delineate paragraphs, square brackets for parentheticals [( this turned out to be an utterly cursed idea, for the record )] )

thaumasiotes 2 days ago | parent | prev [-]

> [I]'ll bet that the linguistics experimentalists have metrics that quantify reading speed measurements as determined by eye tracking experiments, and can verify this.

You appear to be trolling for the sake of trolling, but for reference: reading speed is determined by familiarity with the style of the text. Diverging from whatever people are used to will make them slower.

There is no such thing as "two spaces" in HTML, so good luck with that.

recursive 2 days ago | parent [-]

> There is no such thing as "two spaces" in HTML, so good luck with that.

Code point 160 followed by 32. In other words `  ` will do it.

nomel 2 days ago | parent [-]

There's: U+3000, ideographic space. It's conceptually fitting, with sentence separation being a good fit for "idea separation".

edit: well I tried to give an example, but hn seems to replace it with regular space. Here's a copy paste version: https://unicode-explorer.com/c/3000

agalunar a day ago | parent [-]

Belying the name somewhat, I believe U+3000 is specifically meant for use with Sinoform logographs, having the size of a (fullwidth character) cell, and so it makes little sense in other contexts.

nomel a day ago | parent [-]

The extended horizontal size is the only goal here. The dimensions for a sinoform is still related to pt size, so the relative spacing, compared to chr(32), at the same pt size, is reasonably larger.

But...the vertical dimensions don't scale so well, at least in my browser. It causes a slight downward shift.

agalunar a day ago | parent [-]

You’d perhaps be better off using U+2002 EN SPACE (or the canonically equivalent U+2000 EN QUAD).

From what I recall, the size of a typical interword space is ⅓ of an em, and traditionally a bit more than this is inserted between sentences (but less than ⅔ of an em). The period itself introduces a fair amount of negative space, and only a skosh more is needed if any.

jgalt212 a day ago | parent | prev | next [-]

I think he knows he did something non-standard, as his previous post from seven weeks ago has correct capitalization.

https://kyunghyuncho.me/bye-felix/

mempko 2 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

At least for now, maybe this is the best way to tell if a text is written by an LLM or a person. An LLM will capitalize!

cassepipe 2 days ago | parent | next [-]

Please ChatGPT, decapitalize that comment above for me

    at least for now, maybe this is the best way to tell if a text is written by an llm or a person. an llm will capitalize!
svachalek 2 days ago | parent | prev [-]

Unless you tell it not to...

2 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]
[deleted]
elevatedastalt 2 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Yeah, things like these make me glad that humans don't live forever. By the time you are 30 you already hate the way so many things work around you. If you argue about it you are called a philistine luddite who can't stomach change. There's no right or wrong, but it's good you don't have to deal with stuff you find annoying indefinitely. You just... die eventually.

It's a better equilibrium this way and one of the main reasons I don't care much for transhumanism.

jppope 2 days ago | parent | prev [-]

Language evolves. Capitalization is an artifact of a period where capitalizing the first letter made a lot of sense for the medium (parchment/paper). Modern culture is abandoning it for speed efficiency on keyboards or digital keyboards. A purist would say that we should still be using all capitals like they did in Greek/Latin which again was related to the medium.

I'll likely continue using Capitalization as a preference and that we use it to express conventions in programming, but I totally understand the movement to drop it and frankly its logical enough.

bicx 2 days ago | parent | next [-]

It's slower for sure, but capitalization does impart information: beginning of sentences, proper nouns, acronyms, and such. Sure, you could re-read the sentence until you figured all that out, but you are creating unnecessary hitches in the reading process. Capitalization is an optimization for the reader, and lack of capitalization is optimization for the writer.

jppope 2 days ago | parent | next [-]

Its just a convention. You just get used to it. Whether we like it or not, written language is heading that way. Readers don't generally read letters in words anyway, they read the whole word after a certain literacy level has been achieved.

meowface 2 days ago | parent | prev [-]

I think capitalization will slowly go by the wayside in most media, but one hill I'll always die on is punctuation. "i'll go" vs. "ill go"... the latter is just too crude. Many gen Z/alpha do omit it, though.

sodapopcan 2 days ago | parent | prev | next [-]

As much as I dislike it sometimes, language absolutely does evolve. Proper capitalization does not fit into this, though. It can completely change the meaning of something if it is not capitalized. It's not just at the beginning of sentences, it's proper nouns within a sentence. Unfortunately I don't have an example of this handy but it's happened to me several times in my life where I've been completely confused by this (mostly on Slack).

This is a merely showing off your personal style which, when writing a technical article, I don't care about.

Gormo 13 hours ago | parent [-]

> As much as I dislike it sometimes, language absolutely does evolve.

Pointing out that language evolves helps to explain how the current established conventions came to be, but it is not an argument that there are (or should be) no established conventions.

If you are speaking in a way that diverges from what most people understand, then you are miscommunication and are making demonstrable errors precisely because the language has evolved into what it currently is, and not something else.

fc417fc802 2 days ago | parent | prev [-]

> we use it to express conventions in programming

Interestingly programming is the one place where I ditch it almost entirely (at least in my personal code bases).

scubbo 2 days ago | parent [-]

Be thankful you haven't encountered the clusterfuck that is the Go Language :P