Encryption that allows precise deletion of records in databases is quite famously pathological for performance and cost. Databases that work this way have existed for many decades and almost no one uses them because the performance is unacceptably terrible.

The reason may not be obvious. At the limit, database data structures and algorithms are a collection of data compression algorithms, though we typically don’t think of databases this way. Using encryption in front of that compression renders it worthless, and most database performance is predicated on the ability to use compressive representations of the data. Encrypting the data forces the most naive and inefficient data structures imaginable.

Yes, encrypted databases aren't that useful for fine grained data especially if you get into academic computable encryption schemes.

For document DBs where you're storing files like big JSON structures, PDFs, or for archival data, etc it can work out. Though mostly it's not worth it because key management is too hard.