> The alternative to a toilet-flushing app is a flushing button.

Well, yes, that’s exactly my point. It’s not the case with parking, so the analogy breaks down.

> The fact that an app has to exist at all is a symptom of a systemic issue.

How exactly? You’re kind of begging the question by taking it as self-evident that an app is an inherently bad solution. What is so bad and “deeply flawed” about a properly designed app? Do you posit that there are many employees who have a car but no smartphone?