Uhh... colonial empire? See also: HSBC and Standard Chartered. For those unaware, one of France's largest banks, BNP Paribas is also an old colonial bank from... wait for it... Netherlands! Paribas stands for "Banque de Paris et des Pays-Bas". For those unaware, the old French term for the Netherlands (Holland) is the low countries, which is literally "Pays-Bas" in French.

To be fair, UK's #1 talent and economic advantage for global commerce in 2026 is their contract law and the courts that judicate it. It is unmatched globally. Sure, New York, Paris, Tokyo, Hongkong, and Singapore are pretty big, but nothing competes with London for international contract law. The ecosystem is just so massive and concentrated in London -- courts, highly experienced judges/barristers (lawyers)/academics.

> For those unaware, the old French term for the Netherlands (Holland) is the low countries, which is literally "Pays-Bas" in French.

"Netherlands" still means "low countries".