The similarities with the Gwion Gwion artwork of Australia are really fascinating:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwion_Gwion_rock_paintings

I truly hope to witness some questions being answered about these artworks in the years to come .. maybe some AI/ML archeology will reveal more details as the time ticks by ..

Two stick figures, left and right, and right has what appears to be an elongated animal head and ears - or a hat

I see it. It's the negative space.

What i don't see in the article is analysis of the ink around the figures or any estimate of age.

If you click on the image there's a view with the colors intensified and I believe it's the red portion but it is pretty abstract-looking, at least at this time.