People nowhere pay for the full external and opportunity costs of cars, particularly ICE cars, in the purchase price (or even in fuel price), including carbon emissions, particulate emissions, noise, waste of space, perceived and actual safety, and so on.

Cars are literally an econ 101 textbook example of negative externalities.

Two-wheel vehicles are much more reasonable in all ways, I’m not arguing against them (although two-stroke ICEs are definitely terrible things).