It is quite hard to come with a reliable example, but (https://c.godbolt.org/z/56bfYszEb):

    int* p = malloc(sizeof(int));
    int v = *p;
    if (!(v < 0 || v == 0 || v > 0)) {
        exit(1);
    }

This compiles into `exit(1)` in Clang under -O3.

▲ kstrauser 2 hours ago | parent [-]

How? That doesn’t seem like it should be possible. Why is that?

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robinsonb5 an hour ago | parent | next [-]

As I understand it, the compiler "knows" the range of valid values for a variable (for instance, if an int was promoted from an unsigned char, it knows it doesn't need to bother with testing for negative values). If the value came from uninitialised malloc'ed memory, the compiler knows that there are no valid values less than zero, no valid values directly equal to zero, and no valid values greater than zero - thus all three tests fail, and the overall negated test always succeeds!

	▲	afdbcreid 38 minutes ago \| parent [-]
		The reasoning is roughly correct but range checking isn't what const-folding the comparisons into `false` (rather it's a special rule for LLVM's `undef`).

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afdbcreid an hour ago | parent | prev [-]

Because it invokes UB.