the difference is that (d) is not fraud and (e) is fraud, lol. Duh.

you seem to be thinking of the legal system like some kind of programming language / logic paradigm and it is not that and never has been

most likely ad-blocking would also be considered some sort of fraud (or rather: companies would block using their services if the ads were not seen, and then circumventing that would be regarded as fraud) except that it is not politically/socially tenable to do that at all.