Tyres are also a massive source of micro plastics in the environment, as another example of one of the "uncounted externalities".

This suggests it may be the source for over a quarter of all environmental micro plastics [0]

Some reports suggest it could be even higher, this article [1] references a pew report suggesting tyres could be the source for over three quarters of the micro plastics found in the ocean.

Though it's not as if they're just driving around for fun (most of the time), but not costing these sort of externalities means the market doesn't realistically consider alternatives even if they "should" be more efficient, so "cheaper" when all the /real/ costs are added up.

[0] https://www.port.ac.uk/news-events-and-blogs/blogs/protectin...

[1] https://www.euronews.com/2023/10/02/toxic-tyre-dust-this-sou...