> The EU has become ever more dependent on the US in the past few years, notably on energy and AI.

Energy yes, particularly since the Iran war started. AI, not really. Like most Europeans are using US models, but the switching costs are so low here that they could easily swap these out for Chinese models.

It's the cloud/hyperscaler dependencies that are the real problems here.

Yes, they run US models on US hardware and there is no alternative. In principle there are indeed Chinese models, but in practice there are also political considerations.

Europe pretty much does not exist in AI and the political considerations at this point push it towards overwhelming dependency on the US.