> the idea that copyright is like a "moral right" that you intrinsically deserve for putting in the effort to create something

Nope. "[the United States Congress shall have power] To promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts, by securing for limited Times to Authors and Inventors the exclusive Right to their respective Writings and Discoveries."

The ends is promoting progress. The means for that is prescribed by a limited monopoly as an incentive to those ends.

At least in the US.

Please read the entire sentence you're quoting, then ask yourself whether that sentence is referring to the US, or to somewhere else.