I... Don't see it? It's the result page right? I just search some random string on Google and the results are all direct URLs. Do they get resolved via javascript after page load and replaced automatically? Or am I looking at something else?

What I see now, and it's been like this for a while, is this:

You get the results and they do have direct URLs. But then, if you do some things with the link, e.g. right click to open it in a new tab, it swaps the URL to the indirect one. The idea is that initially you see a normal link, with a normal URL which will be displayed correctly when you hover the mouse over it, but right before you click it, it's swapped for the indirect one.

So, they have been doing stuff like this for a while and it has been somewhat fluid, because the swapping can occur on different events and I have also seen it load with all the links pre-swapped to the indirect ones, sometimes.

So, yes, what you see may be different and you may get the indirect URLs swapped at different stages.

I was also super confused because it doesn't do this if you are logged in (to google).

I ran the same search in an incognito window and it showed the /goto links.

It looks like it isn't yet rolled out to some users, try with a different browser session.

Are you logged in to a Google account?