You use it to write version-controlled applications, so that your structured table data gets the same collaboration and auditing benefits that your source code enjoys. This is a couple years of out date but should give you an idea for how it's being used in the real world.

https://www.dolthub.com/blog/2024-10-15-dolt-use-cases/

For DoltLite, the big use case is embedded local-first development. It's a DB you can write to locally offline, then sync to a remote server when you have connectivity. Crucially, this works in both directions, and tolerates writes from multiple offline clients by merging their changes together.