The CHIPS act was a good attempt at moving some back. Unlike tariffs, which are designed to 'make it hurt', the CHIPS act gave incentives to actually move some plants back to the US. And to make sure there were trained workers available.

Tariff is paid by the importer, who passes it on to the end user. If you are in a boom market for semiconductors, the manufacturer really doesn't care about how high it is. Like today with the AI bubble. Why build a plant in the US? The bubble may pop before it gets built; and the manufacturer still gets his margin.