The US views that US law applies worldwide. There is no requirement that you be anywhere near the US to be under US jurisdiction for an alleged offense against the US, according to the US.

Also, that constitutional protections are suspended within 100 miles of a land, sea, or air border.

Not sure why you're getting downvoted, since your statement is true:

https://www.congress.gov/crs-product/RS22497

Although obviously not all US laws apply and enforcement is a whole other kettle of fish.