IMO noise pollution is the easiest one to solve: just put all the AC fans on the far side of the datacenter. If not enough, surround with noise absorbing panels. If not enough, just get a different fan design, more coolers, and run them at half speed. They can even afford Noctua :)

I bet nearby rail yard produces way more loud noises.

Datacenter is like the cleanest and most ecofriendly business you can imagine.

Can noise that can be heard a kilometer away really not be heard from the other side of a building?

Noise absorbing panels block airflow, if you didn't know that. Useless for AC.