The part that doesn't make sense to me is that trying to read through a zeroed PTE should be an immediate segfault, not something that reads back zeroes (regardless of whether the zero page is pfn 0 (it isn't)).

I think the broad strokes are that, due to bad locking in the kernel, mmap() returns a VA that a concurrent munmap() is still in the middle of unmapping. The specifics beyond that seem murky/speculative/inconsistent.

Alternatively, it could be a hardware bug, since afaict it's only been repro'd on one hardware config. (I know there are a bunch of ARM cores with erratas around TLB invalidation)

After more digging, I bet it's a paging-structure-cache flush bug. I've debugged these before, and they're nasty, hardware dependent, hard-to-reproduce issues. Looks like the code that the AI flagged might actually be wrong, but not for the reason that the AI thought.

https://lore.kernel.org/all/CALCETrXbj__SFQMzPZhES5y6-sh4np-...

> Alternatively, it could be a hardware bug, since afaict it's only been repro'd on one hardware config. (I know there are a bunch of ARM cores with erratas around TLB invalidation)

Which raises the question of whether any HN readers have successfully reproduced this?

I've just tried (using his file generation script and the official rg binary he links) on a Ryzen 7 5800X / 7.1.5-arch1-2 with sufficient free ram as the github issue suggests, and still no segfaults after 10 minutes.