> Thermoelectric power plants: 41% of total US water use

For example, if you have a 1GW coal powerplant on a river, it might draw 4 billion liters of water per day, but will only evaporate about 5-10% of that amount. The rest is returned to the river. Of course, this is much less exciting (click-baity) than writing "41% of US water use is for thermoelectric power plants".

Is it different with data centers?

Most rivers drain into Oceans while some do drain into inland lakes.