> Is it all going to insurance companies? Nope. The price increases are attributable to hospitals, doctors, pharmaceutical companies and so on.

The insurers are buying up the doctors (and paying their doctors more, as a bonus - https://sph.brown.edu/news/2025-11-10/unitedhealthcare-optum...) and the pharmaceutical side (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacy_benefit_management) of things.