I disagree, you’re optimising many different things and there is not a simple way to compare them. The very concept of Pareto optimal is about this! There is not one uniquely perfect solution to a problem most of the time.

Spending too much time gathering requirements can be a bad business decision too. Those requirements are often not even accurate.

Building a perfect system may not be over engineering to solve the problem perfectly… but what if you don’t need to solve it perfectly? What if it’s better to fail on some requirements to deliver sooner or cheaper or deliver this and some other project?