Consider encrypted AI. You ask a question under encryption. The remote calculates the answer, which is still under encryption. This is the critical point; the remote cannot see the question and answer. It only calculates. Once you receive the answer, you decrypt it and see the answer; only you see the answer.

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smalltorch 2 hours ago | parent [-]

Ah, that sounds impossible. Good luck, sir...Also, who wants this if you can just run a local model?

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simcop2387 2 hours ago | parent | next [-]

It'll be very useful for even local setups when the data needs to be confidential. Look at the research related to medical training of llms (ignore their current lack of direct usefulness/trustworthiness, those are potentially solvable), with a homomorphically encrypted session, the large inference servers never see hipaa protected data in a way that exposes it if the server is compromised even if its an on premises setup in your doctors office processing the data, reducing risk of the data leaking anywhere.

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furkanturan 2 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

Thanks a lot. Though encrypted AI chat bot is not far ahead, do not think of that as the primary target of today. Instead, there are many untapped applications (e.g. inter-bank transfers, industry, healthcare) where regulations, privacy laws and compliance requirements restrict institutions from touching data. These will initially be our key enablers, and over time we hope to extend the range of applications.

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smalltorch an hour ago | parent [-]

Have you considered that maybe the computation itself on the private data, no matter how you put it, even if encrypted, was designed to protect the consumer?

I.E., gaining any sort of insight a transaction of protected information is what the protections were in place for.

So is FHE more about skirting regulations and privacy laws? Or, is it a new frontier of an untapped data source that has some red tape around it?

To me, something was simply not encrypted properly if you are able to draw conclusions/learn insights/detect anything about the data. It's in conflict with the idea of what secure encryption means to me.

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j2kun an hour ago | parent [-]

> gaining any sort of insight

The server providing the FHE-based service does not gain any sort of insight. This is a key point: only the client can see the output of the computation.

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smalltorch an hour ago | parent [-]

Interesting. I have some homework to do then. Do we have to close our eyes and look away for it to be true or does it really not gain any insight?

Where can I find out more about how this could be possible?

	▲	furkanturan 4 minutes ago \| parent \| next [-]
		Check this one too: https://openmined.org/blog/ckks-explained-part-1-simple-enco...
	▲	larrygates 6 minutes ago \| parent \| prev [-]
		Good primer on FHE here: https://eurocrypt.iacr.org/2021/slides/gentry.pdf