excluding Denodo from the list sows this is more of a non-enterprise guide to data management and tools. There is only one real semantic layer that can cover operational and historical data and thats Denodo. If you use snowflake horizon or unity, all the data needs to be loaded first and not real time.

I have never heard of Denodo before. "The only real semantic layer" is a bold claim. From the website it just looks like another data governance tool?