You keep repeating this throughout the thread, one could even say just like a certain class of exotic birds :)

Why couldn't parroting, after a certain level and complexity of the parroting infrastructure, be reasoning? What a priori restriction forbids it from being such?

Flipping a NAND is not calculation either. Billions of them? Things change.

> Flipping a NAND is not calculation either.

But it is.