I like the German non-compete requirements (by law): max non-compete length is 24 months. Non-competes need to be reimbursed at half the last salary. The non-compete also needs to be specific to a real competition scenario (e.g. you taking your clients with you). For a job like being a generic doctor which any doctor could do, that would likely fail.

If the non-compete is so broad that it makes you unemployable that also makes it void.