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Show HN: We post-trained a model that pen tests instead of refusing(argusred.com)
49 points by dk189 7 hours ago | 22 comments

Anthropic and OpenAI's publicly available models are explicitly guard-railed so that they refuse offensive tasks. And their cyber-focussed models are gated for enterprises. This leaves SMEs and mid market open to major vulnerabilities.

AI can be used as both an adversarial and defensive tool in the world of cyber. A worst case outcome is if only the adversaries have access.

Meanwhile, most existing AI cyber tools are just wrappers. The problem is that they still have all the guardrails on from the foundation model where they will inherit its refusals.

For this project we've post-trained a specific model on a decade of capture-the-flag contests. This won't be made available to anyone and everyone, but we do believe that responsible SMEs and midmarket companies also need access to these tools in order to identify key vulnerabilities in their systems; not just enterprises.

We have developed two modes that run over a CLI:

• Security scan: a read-only audit of your local codebase for vulnerabilities. It only reports what it can tie to a specific file and line, so you're not wading through vibes-based findings.

• Pen test: an active adversarial mode that will try to break a live system in a sandboxed environment. It proves each vulnerability by running the exploit and showing the request it sent and the response your code gave back, not a confidence score. Currently gated.

To show what the scan does, we pointed it at Bank of Anthos and it found an integer overflow in the transfer path: amount is an int, and amount + fee can overflow negative, so the balance check passes and you move funds you don't have. Plus the usual auth and secrets issues. (Bank of Anthos is Google's open-source bank. It's a known app and some of it is intentionally weak, which is the point: you can clone it and re-run the scan yourself instead of trusting a screenshot)

The base model is a Kimi K2.6 (open weights). We didn't pretrain from scratch. We post-trained it ourselves, SFT on CTF writeups, then RL with verifiable rewards against actual exploit checks.

How the harness works:

Along with the model we built the harness to support this. The harness runs on a multi-agent swarm: an orchestrator splits the job across subagents running in parallel, each owning a slice, then synthesising one report.

The CLI is a local binary (brew/curl). It reads your code locally, then sends context to our inference API over TLS tcpdump it and you'll see exactly what leaves and where. Install is free; and you can run a scan for free up to 2m tokens, then need to pay for tokens beyond this.

For full disclosure this is a product part of Cosine (YC W23)

Up for debate: tool safety, e.g. domain verification is one method that proves control but not necessarily permission. How would you gate a pen-test tool given that?

jjcm a minute ago | parent | next [-]

IMO the most interesting thing about this is Kimi K2.6, an extremely capable model, can be relatively easily post-trained to allow pen tests.

This in its own right proves that the defenses of Fable and others are temporary blocks, and AI based hacking is going to be effectively available to all parties regardless of stop gaps, as long as open models exist.

luminati 11 minutes ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Relevant: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=48016224 what's the differnce between this vs running shannon on aws/bedrock fully airgapped in my vpc? I've got some pretty great results with shannon [no subprocessor and can pay via aws credits]. Even better using claude code token [effectively free with our $200/mo cc subscription] I tried kimi but it generally spins it's wheels extensively in it's thinking tokens. kimi2.7 is an attempt at reducing this. But doing finetuning, means you will always be behind the latest.

as a side note - I think it's very unprofessional and very shitty to not mention kimi2.6 at all in your marketing copy. and i feel that you posted that in this hn post begrudgingly since the hn crowd would have flagged that. confirmed with a google search too: https://www.google.com/search?q=kimi+site%3Aargusred.com

All around your marketing website you keep mentioning - 'A model lab built it'. A fintune does not maketh you a model lab - some humility please :)

finally - doesn't Kimi's licensing prohibit you from not mentioning them? Didn't cursor run into the same issue?

cortesoft 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

> This won't be made available to anyone and everyone, but we do believe that responsible SMEs and midmarket companies also need access to these tools in order to identify key vulnerabilities in their systems; not just enterprises.

So this is the same policy that Anthropic and OpenAI have, it is just based on your criteria rather than theirs.

kennyadam 2 hours ago | parent | next [-]

As soon as I read that I literally scoffed. Doublethink at its finest. Doubleplusungood.

dk189 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

I think the policy universally makes sense, who would want to give a tool like this to bad actors? But it does leave a big section of the market underserved. Particularly when Mythos was made accessible to very large orgs and then Fable was pulled on export grounds.

cortesoft an hour ago | parent | next [-]

The problem is that it is a fool's errand to try to keep software tools from 'bad actors'. It is as pointless now as it was during the Crypto Wars. Information is simply too easy to move.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crypto_Wars

rustcleaner an hour ago | parent | prev | next [-]

The policy is repugnant. Whoever delivers the first frontier model as open weights to the world which lacks these moral guardrails will win.

Stop thinking you know morals better than your users, or get out of the way so a competitor who respects your users more can serve them!

cyanydeez 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

It's really absurd to think any of these models can be protected _by commercial interests_. They couldn't keep from hiring north koreans anymore than they'll stop bad actors from operationalizing these models.

sudosysgen 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

A lot of bad actors are both technically sophisticated and have more than enough resources to post train their model. Morally I think it's still the right choice, but consequence wise I doubt it's going to make a big difference.

devin 41 minutes ago | parent | prev [-]

Do you think bad actors can't make something like this? What are you even talking about?

yieldcrv an hour ago | parent | prev [-]

I actually wonder how valuable this verbiage is

To me it looks like copycat marketing more than a strongly held stance

Artificial scarcity, membership club criteria to make members feel special

Perhaps there is an organization that awards this “responsibility” behavior, the EU comes to mind but not lucrative enough

As far as engagement farming goes, it got us to engage and boost its reach, for something we might otherwise ignore with more benign language

Once I get the answers I will execute

andai 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Fantastic. Could you share more details what it was like post-training a model?

mkaszkowiak 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

What was your approach to benchmarking an adversarial agent?

This is an open problem that I came across (in a different domain), as the search space can be really wide. It's hard to measure results for non-trivial tasks.

Would be really interested if you can share your eval approach :)

Catloafdev 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Why create an offensive tool rather than a repo-scanning tool?

I can't think of any way to safely release an offensive tool publicly.

jml78 an hour ago | parent | next [-]

At my job we have tooling that scans our code repos with Opus. Yes it can find stuff however it doesn’t find everything.

I am able to get Opus and Sonnet to function as a red team agent. We don’t have some crazy special sauce, just a lot of trial and error. Basically add enough context proving we own the code and running services that it will run attempts to compromise our services.

It found tons of stuff that was not found with just scanning the code. It found serious security issues that had been in productions for years that humans never found. They weren’t things that were accessible externally but serious enough that we are thrilled to have these tools.

I can say that Fable did refuse to function with our harness. I am worried that soon you have to be in the special club to do this stuff with the SOTA models. A small company like ours doesn’t get accepted to their programs that remove guardrails. Even though our CEO has found and disclosed vulnerabilities to multiple companies and holds a patent around federated authentication.

rustcleaner an hour ago | parent | prev | next [-]

They are only protecting corporate interests in insecure code bases by doing this. If everyone could have Mythos in their pockets, all the poorly written bottom dollar rush developed software would be rightfully shown to be the trash it always was. It would spur engineering liability legislation for commercial software and operations: speed-release poor insecure code --> corporate bankruptcy and maybe even prison for the software PE who signed off on it. Software, infrastructure, and hardware security won't improve massively until the "bad actors" start running rampant on the steaming pile!

dk189 2 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

You need both, scanning for your own code, pen testing to actually prove vulnerabilities, otherwise it can be very noisy and one of the things that most tools currently suffer from is they give you too many false positives. For the moment. The pen testing we gated it for now until we resolve the debate of safety.

jrflowers 2 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

Show HN: We told Claude to generate a marketing page for a theoretical pentesting model

dk189 an hour ago | parent [-]

The tool is live, you can test it.

jrflowers an hour ago | parent [-]

No, you can’t. This page is a sales funnel to schedule a 30 minute video chat with Cosine.ai or argusred or whatever. The thing you can test is not the thing that the headline is talking about.

It’s just more “We’re so smart we invented the boogeyman, trust us” slop marketing that’s been happening since gpt-2

dk189 an hour ago | parent [-]

Did you follow the link? There is a brew install binary you can install and test. It's live.

jrflowers an hour ago | parent [-]

> Gated because the security implications are real; access is via booking

If I wanted to show off a “model that pen tests” I’d at least include a gif of it running against Juice Shop or something before the spooky language and “schedule a sales call”