I'll chuck autism and overstimulation in there too. There's a reason that there's the stereotype of the autist wearing their noise-cancelling headphones.

Yes and they are a great help.

Even though I'm AuDHD (and more ADHD than Autism in that) I do appreciate the silence when I feel like it.

I use them more with just noise cancelling on than I do with music. And never ever podcasts, I have zero patience for those.