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spongebobstoes 2 hours ago

this whole blog post is basically "people need jobs to be happy, so we should design our society such that they need jobs"

not only is the premise wrong, but forcing people to work is not a good or ethical way to address this problem

most people like the social aspect of work, but not being beholden to their boss

we can give people meaning, community, culture, growth, without relying on employment and money

we can do better than this

xg15 an hour ago | parent | next [-]

> "people need jobs to be happy, so we should design our society such that they need jobs"

No, this is not what the article said. It's more "people need jobs to have any kind of leverage in society" which is something different.

philipkglass 38 minutes ago | parent | next [-]

I don't think that "people need jobs to have any kind of leverage in society" is actually true, though. Retired people without jobs are (in-)famously known to be politically powerful, both regarding elections and regarding local political questions apart from elections (like city planning commission decisions).

Root_Denied 29 minutes ago | parent [-]

Their leverage is a result of having the time to be involved in politics, which is itself a result of working for decades to build up to the point that they could retire. They're an end result of the system, not an exception to it.

xg15 16 minutes ago | parent [-]

Not just the time, but also probably having been built up the expertise, social connections, reputation and wealth to be able to be elected on the council in the first place.

asdfman123 29 minutes ago | parent | prev [-]

To be fair they argued both. Jobs suck but we need to feel useful to other human beings. Jobs (either paid or volunteer jobs) are the only ways we consistently contribute.

Like maybe instead of making requirements docs you could pivot to counselling at risk youth... but AI is rapidly improving at that, too.

some_random an hour ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Star Trek isn't real life, when human labor stops being valuable the humans who's labor was previously vital will be at best left to rot in squalor.

siriusastrebe 33 minutes ago | parent | next [-]

A generation of people left behind. The birthrates will continue falling.

deaton 26 minutes ago | parent | prev [-]

Couldn't have said it better myself. The only reason we are worth keeping around is because what we do is necessary to keep the machine running. The idea that the AI singularity would lead to infinite free stuff for everyone is ridiculous.

hexator 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

> not only is the premise wrong

The blog post offers several studies as evidence, where's yours?

idopmstuff an hour ago | parent | next [-]

The problem with the studies is that they're cases in which specific groups within the broader economy lost jobs. Those aren't really comparable to the (theoretical) path of job displacement of AI for a couple of reasons:

1. Those people didn't get substantial, ongoing financial assistance. If we end up in a UBI world, particular one where the UBI people get is high enough to get more or less anything that's not very scarce (e.g. land in coastal cities), the negative economic component of job loss is removed. 2. Everyone else still had jobs. When you lose your job and everyone else continues to work and be successful (or at least you perceive that to be the case), there's a big hit to the status and meaning in your life. If everyone is affected in the same way, then your relative status to others remains unchanged, and everyone collective needs to reorient society to find their meaning.

I'm not saying it will go well, but I do think there's a theoretically possible path where there is large scale unemployment but because we have nigh infinite productivity, everyone has access to unlimited non-scarce resources (including luxury cars and fine foods and whatever medical treatment they need), and we end up with an enormous number of competitive leagues of everything, events centered around music and arts, dinner parties and all manner of other social activities that are what give people meaning.

calcifer an hour ago | parent [-]

Your counterargument is basically just... vibes? It'd be a lot stronger if you could also back it up with studies, like the author has.

foltik 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

A study obviously can’t prove that people need jobs to be happy.

If you can so much as imagine a society organized around some other source of happiness, there’s your evidence by counterexample.

lurk2 an hour ago | parent | next [-]

I have no opinion either way but this doesn’t follow. I can imagine a world where people don’t need oxygen to breathe but they still do. If we say people need oxygen, the argument is obviously about the world such as it is rather than the world as it could hypothetically be.

pessimizer an hour ago | parent [-]

This is untrue. You cannot imagine a world where people, without changing the definition of people, don't need oxygen to breathe.

"they still do" is just begging the question. Plenty of people live without working. We're ruled by people who don't work.

lurk2 32 minutes ago | parent [-]

You’re right that my reasoning was off. I don’t think it helps the point OP was trying to make. The argument being made in favor of labor isn’t “The only way for someone to be happy is to have a job” but instead “The majority of people will be unhappy without an occupation,” which is testable. The existence of people who are happy without any sort of structured, purposeful activity would not invalidate that the majority of people may well need structured, purposeful activity in order to feel fulfilled.

If you tested the claim it wouldn’t tell you about human nature, because it’s possible (and I think likely) that most people are simply conditioned to believe they need purposeful work to be fulfilled, so you could just as well argue that if society were to be radically re-engineered, it would be worthwhile to re-engineer it at the psychological level (such that no one felt the need to work), rather than the economic level (such that work was made available to everyone).

> We're ruled by people who don't work.

I don’t have any data to support this but I suspect the majority of those people that we would characterize as happy are still engaged in an occupation (not a “job” as such, but purposeful work that goes beyond mere leisure). I’ve seen dozens of well-to-do retired boomers who waste away on Twitter or YouTube and don’t seem to do much of anything anymore, which is what I’m guessing is the behavior you’re imagining when you talk about oligarchs not working, but I don’t see much evidence that the oligarchs are like that; most that I can think of have made no indication that they will ever retire. Now, granted, work looks a lot different if you’re Warren Buffett, but what we’re looking at is not the social benefit of work as such but the impact of structured, purposeful activity on an individual’s psychological sense of wellbeing. In that sense, I think it’s unlikely that these people would disprove the premise.

seizethecheese an hour ago | parent | prev | next [-]

We have a word for imagining a society with different sources of happiness: utopian. We generally don’t regard utopian musings as evidence of anything.

skeaker an hour ago | parent [-]

Who is "we?" A utopian society is what we should ideally be aiming for at all times, not some dirty word like you seem to think it is.

zzzeek 37 minutes ago | parent [-]

the parent poster is trying to say "well where's your evidence that a society not based around human labor is possible?" which is sort of a silly question

you can't claim an invention is invalid because there are no "studies" that show such an invention has already existed and succeeded, you'd by definition never invent anything!

0xy an hour ago | parent | prev [-]

There's a massive spike in mortality for those who retire from work versus those who keep working. In fact, working just a single year after you're 65 is associated with 11% lower risk of death for healthy people and 9% for unhealthy.

Working is objectively good for your health. Stopping work is associated with an extremely large increase in mortality risk, for both healthy and unhealthy people.

Any alternatives must weigh the resulting death it will cause.

marginalia_nu an hour ago | parent | next [-]

How are we sure about the direction of cause and effect here? I'd expect more healthier people to self-select the working cohort, all else being equal.

amanaplanacanal 43 minutes ago | parent [-]

Yeah this seems like an obvious confounder.

pessimizer an hour ago | parent | prev [-]

Did any of that signal come from people who hadn't spent the last 40 or 50 years working, in a society constructed around working?

If I had a study that showed increased mortality in people who had owned a parrot for 50 years in the year after that parrot died, you wouldn't cite it as evidence of the basic human need for a parrot.

bryanrasmussen an hour ago | parent | prev | next [-]

the studies are set in a society in which the main way of existing in society and contributing to it is via employment.

Some generations ago females in this society were regularly without jobs but were "homemakers", in that time if one were not a homemaker and a female how was the person's feeling of well-being?

Reports conflict about that, but in that time of course females were often kept from employment by being homemakers and thus relegated to secondary status.

Perhaps the studies you look for would be related to feelings of social well-being among hunter-gatherer societies, however maybe those studies are not actually needed? Because probably now that the possibility has come up you will realize hunter-gather societies do not have traditional jobs or employment and that people were evidently able to feel happy in those societies.

Now you may respond with examples of how maintaining hunter-gatherer societies would mean death of much of population etc. because the best kind of goalpost moving is the kind that is true. Nonetheless the point should be clear that people can be happy without typical modern jobs and employment.

Whether or not a modern lifestyle and world can be constructed that does not need jobs and still keep people happy is a different question. And there we are back with something for which there are no relevant studies.

autoexec an hour ago | parent [-]

> the studies are set in a society in which the main way of existing in society and contributing to it is via employment.

That's the one we live in though, so I guess that seems fair

BiteCode_dev an hour ago | parent | prev [-]

If you know happy rich people that don't have a job, you got your counter example, and one is enough.

I do.

People usually need to have a purpose, but it doesn't need to be a job.

chasd00 an hour ago | parent [-]

I agree "people need a purpose to be happy" is much more digestible than "people need a job to be happy". However, it has to be qualified with "some people need a purpose to be happy". Defining, or worse dictating, happiness for everyone is a fool's errand and, ironically, usually leads to large scale mass murder or starvation.

dgellow 8 minutes ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Assuming that’s true and AI is part of the solution, are you implying we should expect the AI overlords to create such a system? That will never happen. They have literally no incentives to decommodify the economy it’s what gives them power

rectang an hour ago | parent | prev | next [-]

> people need jobs to be happy

The happiness of the aristocracy depends on the spectacle of miserable workers performing humiliating tasks.

fmbb an hour ago | parent [-]

Solution: take turns every other year.

autoexec an hour ago | parent | prev | next [-]

> we can give people meaning, community, culture, growth, without relying on employment and money

I agree, but those people will still need to eat and pay rent so I guess they're stuck either working or dying. People will always find something to do with themselves. You don't need to encourage people to explore their own passions much when they're able to do it. The need for jobs isn't really an issue as much as the need for money is.

mrdependable an hour ago | parent | prev | next [-]

You are ignoring the part where human labor is the leverage required for democracy to work.

petra an hour ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Maybe people don't need jobs to be happy.

But it's a big change, and a better way to go about it, instead of huge layoffs is:reduce the hours of work gradually and equally. And possibly create some social infrastructure in the background, to fullfil the social roles of work.

kqp an hour ago | parent | prev | next [-]

I agree in theory, but this is so extremely far from the US political and social system that I think no nation has ever changed so much without being overthrown. So unless you’re talking about plans for a post-US world, this idea will always be theoretical and not how “the world” works.

stratos123 an hour ago | parent [-]

I'm not sure it's that far out of the Overton window. US already managed to do some small-scale UBI trials, after all. Maybe one day it can do a countrywide trial.

an hour ago | parent | prev | next [-]
[deleted]
yyyk an hour ago | parent | prev | next [-]

The problem is that he relies on a dubious Acemoglu estimate, without realizing that at best it's temporary. AI will be better than humans in doing tasks (the qualifiers don't matter in the aggregate). Any jobs then would be bullshit jobs, and everyone will know it.

bayarearefugee an hour ago | parent | prev | next [-]

> we can do better than this

In theory we can do better than this, in practice we can't.

40% of the people in the US would rather starve to death themselves than live in a world where people they hate for their skin color get anything without toiling for it.

troosevelt an hour ago | parent | next [-]

I appreciate that there is a significant chunk of people that are like this, but I think if you really believe the 40% number or anything like it, you're giving yourself a false worldview.

The majority of people aren't racist nor do they have a problem with government helping them out. What was happening (are you referencing 2024?) in 2024 and today was a government saying the economy was fine when it is not. When that happens, people are going to pick the person that isn't in power, who says they are going to fix it, even if they aren't. "It's the economy stupid". People care about their own well-being above pretty much everything else most of the time.

I don't think putting this on racism or anything else (though it is a smaller factor) helps, it's just rhetoric. 40% of the people in the US aren't dedicateed racists, they are, however, in working groups that the government has ignored for decades.

amanaplanacanal 41 minutes ago | parent | next [-]

So do you expect Republicans to be thrown out of office en masse in the upcoming election?

I personally expect plenty of them to get reelected even if they claim that everything is just fine.

troosevelt 25 minutes ago | parent [-]

I think we're gonna see some def Democratic gains because the economy is shit and that's how voting always happens.

The only argument I was making is it's no where near 40% of people that are voting for somebody cause they're racist. If you believe that then you're not going to see the world accurately. It's not how people work.

But it goes back to my main point, Dem gains won't be what they should be becuase politics are a very vague and murkey thing and people make all kinds of jusitifications for why they vote for their person. See the stat where most people rate Congress poorly but their Congressperson highly. It's not racism, it's that politics are inherently pretty stupid.

zzzeek 30 minutes ago | parent | prev [-]

> if you really believe the 40% number or anything like it, you're giving yourself a false worldview.

> The majority of people aren't racist nor do they have a problem with government helping them out.

40% is ....not a majority

the current POTUS has a 37% approval rating and this is considered to be historically low, due to wars, corruption, etc.

but even with all of that corruption and failure, 37% of surveyed adults, *still approve*. This includes his frequent, deeply racist tirades on Twitter. They approve!

troosevelt 26 minutes ago | parent [-]

But it's not even approaching 40%, nor did I tie the two together. If you think the 33% of people who voted from Trump did it because they are racist you are wrong. Some did, a lot that wasn't their primary concern. It's viewing pepole wrong to think that.

What's the point of being that pedantic, Mike?

zzzeek 24 minutes ago | parent [-]

have you talked to Trump voters? I have talked to many, many, in my family, in my neighborhood, everywhere.

If there is one view that ties them all together, it's racism (and misogyny). Loud and clear.

If any president of any party posted a tweet like [1] or [2], I would never ever answer "I approve of the job theyre doing" in a poll.

[1] https://www.nytimes.com/2026/04/23/us/politics/trump-china-i...

[2] https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/news-wrap-trumps-racist-so...

troosevelt 22 minutes ago | parent [-]

Yes, I've talked to Trump voters and I know people who aren't especially strong Trump supporters that voted for him because the economy was shit. Their reasoning wasn't racism. There is a huge chunk where that is their reasoning, sure.

Once again, if you think it's 40% of 33%, you're wrong. Not everybody who voted for Trump is a racist, it's just not how people work.

zzzeek 18 minutes ago | parent [-]

tribalism is totally how people work when they lack culture, education and critical thinking skills!

here's some basic reading on this: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In-group_favoritism

troosevelt 7 minutes ago | parent [-]

Sure, but the original claim was this:

> 40% of the people in the US would rather starve to death themselves than live in a world where people they hate for their skin color get anything without toiling for it.

Do we truly believe that's 40% of people in the US? 33% of US voters even voted for him, so you're saying it's pretty much all of them and another 7%. I just don't see it, it's rhetoric and it's not helpful because if your goal is to win over the people that need to be won over, you can't call them racists when they really aren't.

It's a misshaped worldview formed in bubbles. People don't work that way because you're literally assuming that their hate for somebody else overrides their own well-being. Their actions might end up with that result, but I've interacted with enough people from all over the spectrum to know that imagining that many people have that much hate is just wrong. People care about themselves first and foremost, it's a necessity.

If people had jobs, a lot of of this division would disappear but the govt for years has treated low income workers as people that don't matter and can just be displaced without any answers. It's whey the Democratic party which was traditionally the working class party has struggled against Trumpism, because he pretends to care.

rayiner 18 minutes ago | parent | prev [-]

> 40% of the people in the US would rather starve to death themselves than live in a world where people they hate for their skin color get anything without toiling for it.

It's not good for the world that liberalism has lobotomized itself so it can only view major social issues like AI, deindustrialization, immigration, etc., through the narrow lens of "racism." Liberals in theory are tasked with coming up with ideas to adapt to a changing world but they've decided to take on that significant task with rusted, ineffectual tools.

kalleboo an hour ago | parent | prev | next [-]

The solution is The Matrix.

The "real world" is just computers/AIs running everything in a pointless loop.

Humans aren't "batteries" (that never even made sense to begin with) but instead are living their happy lives in the simulation to provide something to simulate investment and shareholder value.

It's dumb, but it still seems more plausible than people accepting an overnight switch into the "space communism" of nobody needing to work. Everyone is too invested in their own spot in the hierarchy.

mrtesthah an hour ago | parent | prev | next [-]

https://aeon.co/essays/what-if-jobs-are-not-the-solution-but...

roxolotl 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

So there’s one reference to happy, investor happiness. There’s 4 to meaning though.

I don’t disagree with you but you’re also missing the scarier point that economic collapse will come before the meaning even is missed.

This article ideally should have been two. One about how a consumer economy without consumers cannot be an economy. Another about what comes next.

aleqs an hour ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Yeah, people need a creative output, not just for creativity sake but something that feels productive/constructive and beneficial to them and their society/community.

Open source is an example of such work, and amazing things have been achieved - arguably far more impressive and useful than any private tech company has achieved ( and arguably more than all for-profit tech companies combined).

We should focus on expanding the open source cooperative model to all other areas of society/productivity. With modern technology, knowledge availability, and AI, I don't see why people couldn't organize at the grassroots level and build/solve real problems their local (or global) communities may be facing.

I really don't see why we need all of the VCs, marketers and MBAs... No offense to anyone but the typical SV tech company structure and operations just don't even seem efficient... much of the focus is on marketing/manipulation, enshitification, dark patterns and other dishonest and ultimately counter-productive bullshit.

We should be able to organize and build open/cooperative alternatives to SV shitware (and not just software) and we should be able to outcompete the tech shittocracy.. simply because it's actually terribly shitty and inneficient.

9rx an hour ago | parent | prev | next [-]

> most people like the social aspect of work, but not being beholden to their boss

From what I see out there "being beholden to the boss" is the social aspect people like most. It is what gives the work purpose; knowing that you are pleasing someone else.

Some are quite capable of being their own boss, but the people who can actually sustain that long term seem few and far between. It seems that it becomes easy to spiral into a pit of depression when there is no clear feedback in the value being created. Having to regularly deal with another person is not always desirable but having to regularly deal with another person also forces the feedback loop to occur.

esafak 2 hours ago | parent | prev | next [-]

> we can give people meaning, community, culture, growth, without relying on employment and money

What's your proposal if not traditional work? The realistic path I see is shifting labor to unautomatable sectors like hospitality. That will keep people employed, but unhappy as they increasingly find themselves unable to find jobs they enjoy, or at comparable levels of income.

harimau777 2 hours ago | parent | next [-]

A couple of options off the top of my head: art, research, athletics, the humanities

petsfed an hour ago | parent | prev | next [-]

Or maybe the problem is that exchanging labor for scarce necessities only makes sense when labor itself is scarce.

pessimizer an hour ago | parent | prev | next [-]

The vast majority of people do not work jobs that they enjoy, that is a middle-class indulgence and ideal that they don't even live up to; almost all their literature is about why they should be enjoying things that they don't or how to discover the things that they might enjoy, and they stuff themselves with drugs to make themselves pay attention and not want to die.

And that's the top 15% of the population. The rest are not romanticizing digging ditches, scraping the dead skin off people's feet, or putting catheters up senior citizens.

Your "realistic" scenario is how 95% of the world lives already.

Getting meaning, community, culture, and "growth" from your job is middle-class religion, and they're constantly having crises of faith. The default state is to find these things in something other than serving people in order to eat.

wiseowise 2 hours ago | parent | prev [-]

Milking unicorns.

NoboruWataya an hour ago | parent | prev [-]

We would all love to move to a society where we don't have to work for others to survive, but our current system is fundamentally not set up to handle this situation. Capitalism is a useful system for employing scarce resources productively (most of the time) but it doesn't really have an answer for a post-scarcity world. If technology is developed to allow us to end scarcity, instead of everyone having enough, we will end up in a situation where the owners of that technology end up with far, far more than enough while the large majority of people who do not have anything to offer those owners will starve. That sounds dystopian (and it is) but I don't see how we avoid that fate with our current economic system.