Can you give some examples of jobs that are usually done by salaried employees and are paid by output? All the examples I can think of, are usually done by independent contractors.

Not by output, for output - as in, not paid per unit of output, but paid for achieving a sufficient level of it, the definition of which frequently changes. That's baked into the definition of salaried.

Anything commissions based might fit the bill?

i think we could say with a high level of certainty that someone with a subpar output will typically be punished in some way.

it feels very disingenuous to pretend there aren’t expectations of a certain level of output.