There are multiple independent observations pointing toward dark matter:

1. Galaxy rotation curves. 2. Galaxy cluster mass measurements from gravitational lenses and infrared. 3. Cosmic Microwave Background models (mass measurements from inhomogeneities that correspond to acoustic waves, for eg).

MOND only explains 1.

Dark matter accounts for all 3. Only catch is that it hasnt been directly observed.

MOND explains 1.

2 is "who can say" because nobody has reconciled MOND with Relativity (not that it's impossible, it's just hard and annoying math, could be a lack of effort thing, could also be a real theoretical constraint that invalidates MOND).

3 is subject to questions like "is the CMB really what we think it is" -- if it's early thermalized dust, then that ALSO resolves hubble tension, e.g.

MOND explains several things LCDM cannot:

- why most elliptical galaxies seem to "not have dark matter" (effectively a prediction)

- external field effect (predicted and confirmed)

- renzo's rule

- DM halos that are way too big

- early galaxies (this was a prediction)

HM. people have been downvoting. Anyone care to post a substantive rebuttal?