The video was really well done, very interesting even though I’m not very familiar with the subject. Is this the sort of thing that would go into a game like No Man’s Sky to improve the planet generation?

In my opinion, any game featuring large-scale, realistic terrain would benefit from a tool like this. You simply can't hand-craft every ridge on a mountain range at that scale. Unless you're recreating a real-world location using satellite and LIDAR height data, procedural filters are the only way to achieve that level of geological detail efficiently.