You can implement apps in any popular language you want with modern LLMs (they still need to be trained on that language). Tell it what to write and it'll do it. But the downside is, if the language is a memory hog or takes up tons of disk space, you're not gaining anything. If you don't have to manually write the code yourself, you might as well pick a language that has the fewest problems when executed.

Go has a really solid standard library which removes a lot of what you'd typically implement separately. You don't solve lower level problems because the language already solved it. Nodejs has the opposite issue, where there's virtually nothing standard, so people made libraries to implement 5 lines of code. Rust also has a minimal standard library, and is more complex than Go. If you want a dead-simple, batteries-included compiled programming language, Go is pretty much it. Since you write less code with Go, there's less context use, so actually, the LLM has an easier time with Go apps.

It started as a 'systems language' but it has many projects that extend its usefulness. There are two separate frameworks that let you write one Go app and compile it as an Android app, iOS app, Mac app, Windows app, Linux app, both GUI and console. It has multiple web frameworks, and one is even an Electron replacement. The thing it doesn't have is a REPL.