Research conducted by M. Bryce and Associates suggested that use of a structured systems analysis phase before programming began resulted in time and cost savings vs. just "hacking it together" like programmers want to do. Locking yourself in the ivory tower is an unfair way to characterize systems analysis. Systems analysts talk to people in the business to understand what the business requirements actually are, and then design an information system (NOTE: not a computer system or software system; if it cannot in principle be run on pen and paper it is not an information system) that meets those needs. Programmers only come in when the automatable parts of the system need to be implemented, and work from a detailed and precise spec.

> Programmers only come in when the automatable parts of the system need to be implemented, and work from a detailed and precise spec.

A lot of systems are complex enough that you can’t get to that stage (and if you think you do, think again). Mostly because of communication issues and time concerns. Which is where the agile manifesto comes in and recommends the talk-do-show in short cycle. It needs not to be hacked together and the showing helps with communication, the talking guides the doing, and the doing is what pays for everything.