You’re right that P2PKH addresses use the hashed public key, but there are other address types.

The very early days of Bitcoin had addresses created using the now-deprecated P2PK address variant—Pay To Public Key. These addresses are simple encoded secp256k1 public keys with no hashing.

There are still > 1.5 million BTC stored in P2PK UTXOs as of this post, all of which are up for grabs to the first person who can derive the private keys for the known public keys