With it, can you use your laptop offline?

yes, as long as you signed in once while online. windows caches the creds locally and afaik they do not expire

What happens if you disable the account online, then, or change its password? I haven't worked through this before and I'm curious about it.

	▲	tonymet 28 minutes ago \| parent [-]
		password changes or deleting the account will lock out the local credential .