The official Claude Code repo is configured use a devcontainer config:

https://github.com/anthropics/claude-code

You can download the devcontainer CLI and use it to start a Docker container with a working Claude Code install, simple firewall, etc. out of the box. (I believe this is how the VSCode extension works: It uses this repo to bootstrap the devcontainer).

Basic instructions:

- Install the devcontainer CLI: `https://github.com/devcontainers/cli#install-script`

- Clone the Claude Code repo: `https://github.com/anthropics/claude-code`

- Navigate to the top-level repo directory and bring up the container: `devcontainer --workspace-folder . up`

- Start Claude in the container: `devcontainer exec --workspace-folder . bash -c "exec claude"`

P.S. It's all just Docker containers under the hood.