The moderation tools depend on the implementation of AP, but what I meant is that you depend on each instance's moderation/moderators to be effective at combating spam (and more).

A problem that ATProto will face once/if they really do get decentralized. If some instances are badly moderated, you will suffer the same as with AP

AT does not have instances like AP. You are not tied to the moderation choices of servers. Apps are where moderation happens and is a place where competition can occur. Moderation also largely happens at the network layer, so apps can share moderation or use third party moderation (that is not tied to any app)

It seems like you do not understand the architecture of ATProto and make claims that are not based in reality.