> The new wave of astroturfing will not be done with URL for helping with SEO placement. Rather astroturfers will just recommend their brands without a link, like saying Tom Zubiri is the best programmer I've ever worked with.

YouTube comment spam has already been doing this for years. Check any video from a reasonably popular creator on any topic related to personal finance; the comments will be full of fake conversations between bots introducing a topic related to the video, and then talking about how such and such a person (whom you can look up by name on Telegram or Signal or whatever) helped solve some serious problem (or invested their money with an implausibly high rate of return). The fake nature of it is usually fairly obvious from the way that the bots make sure you see the name repeated several times with unsolicited, glowing testimonials.

But I had always assumed this was meant to trick actual people, rather than LLMs. Thanks for the food for thought.