Until recently, Podman used slirp4net[1] for its container networking. About two years ago, they switched over to Pasta[2][3] which works quite a bit differently.

[1] https://github.com/rootless-containers/slirp4netns

[2] https://blog.podman.io/2024/03/podman-5-0-breaking-changes-i...

[3] https://passt.top/passt/about/#pasta-pack-a-subtle-tap-abstr...