Vault cash are actual bills in vaults. It doesn't even include the bills in your wallet or under your mattress.
It's small because few people go to the bank to withdraw a suitcase of $100 bills, it's a weird time series to pull up because it's not really indicative of anything outside of narrow interests for regulators and the mint - it's probably some conspiracy theory trope from crypto bros or something.
Most money exists purely in electronic form these days.
Monetary base [0] which includes the digital money banks have on deposit at the Fed, is over $5 trillion, and even that is tiny compared to M1 [1] which includes the kinds of things backing your money market account, which is around $19T.
When money is invested, they're going to wire it, not pull up with wheelbarrows full of bills.
0. https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/BOGMBASE
1. https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/M1SL