Absolutely, I've long-doubted the usefulness of a CEO vs the theory of a self-organizing co-op.

I tried to remember the study that put the usefulness of a CEO at 10% of the success of the company and found this Science Direct paper from 2023 on "The CEO effect and performance variation over time" which discusses many studies. tl;dr average is 15-20% but they have fun chewing over the outliers.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S104898432...