I recently designed an eval to see if LLMs can produce usable CAD models: https://kerrickstaley.com/2026/02/22/can-frontier-llms-solve...

Claude 4.6 Opus and Gemini 3.1 Pro can to some degree, although the 3D models they produce are often deficient in some way that my eval didn't capture.

My eval used OpenSCAD simply due to familiarity and not having time to experiment with build123d/CadQuery. There is an academic paper where they were successful at fine-tuning a small VLM to do CadQuery: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2505.14646