GLM-5 was trained entirely^ on Huawei Ascend chips. https://z.ai/blog/glm-5 / https://tech.yahoo.com/ai/articles/chinas-ai-startup-zhipu-r...

(^edit, I don't know for certain entirely is accurate - edit again, found a chinese source saying their image model is end to end ascend, or at least, domestic: https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/1994775762516080044 & https://www.guancha.cn/economy/2026_02_12_806895.shtml)

And evdn this information might be not very reliable because both US and China government wouldnt be happy about fact that some models might happen to be trained on some "shadow datacenter" full of Nvidia GPUs.